ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The current understanding of the pathogenesis of periodontal disease has resulted in adjunctive use of various pharmacologic agents in periodontal therapy. The objective of this investigation was to assess the efficacy of atorvastatin and simvastatin (because of their pleiotropic properties) as an adjunct to dental scaling and root planing (SRP) by local delivery, i.e. placing them subgingivally, in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. METHODS: Local delivery systems for atorvastatin and simvastatin were prepared in sodium alginate suspension to be administered with calcium chloride solution. Patients diagnosed with chronic periodontitis were grouped as group 1, receiving SRP only (control), group 2, receiving SRP with subgingival delivery of 1.2% simvastatin, and group 3, receiving SRP with subgingival delivery of 1.2% atorvastatin. Clinical parameters and interleukin (IL) 1α levels in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were assessed. RESULTS: All three groups showed significant reductions in clinical parameters and IL-1α levels in the GCF (p<0.05). However, the test groups did not show any statistically significant difference when compared with control. CONCLUSIONS: Subgingivally delivered atorvastatin and simvastatin as an adjunct to SRP is efficacious but did not demonstrate any added benefit as compared with SRP alone.
Subject(s)
Atorvastatin/administration & dosage , Dental Scaling/methods , Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/administration & dosage , Simvastatin/administration & dosage , Administration, Buccal , Adult , Case-Control Studies , Chronic Disease , Gels , Gingival Crevicular Fluid/chemistry , Humans , Interleukin-1alpha/metabolism , Middle Aged , Periodontitis/therapy , Root Planing/methods , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Dentinal hypersensitivity is a commonly encountered problem with varied treatment options for its management. A large number of home use products have been tested and used for the management of dentinal hypersensitivity. This 8 week clinical trial investigates the temporal efficacy of commercially available calcium sodium phosphosilicate containing toothpaste in comparison to a potassium nitrate containing toothpaste. METHODS: A total 20 subjects between the ages of 18 to 65 years were screened for a visual analogue score (VAS) for sensitivity of 5 or more by testing with a cold stimulus and randomly divided into test and positive control groups. Baseline sensitivity VAS scores to air evaporative stimulus were recorded for minimum two teeth. The subjects were prescribed respective dentifrices and revaluated for sensitivity scores at 2, 4 and 8 weeks. RESULTS: The study demonstrated reduction in symptoms for all treatment groups from baseline to 2, 4 and 8 weeks. The calcium sodium phosphosilicate group showed a higher degree of effectiveness at reducing hypersensitivity to air evaporative stimulus at 2 weeks, than commercially available potassium nitrate. However, there was no significant difference in scores of subjects using the calcium sodium phosphosilicate toothpaste as compared to potassium nitrate at 4 weeks and 8 weeks. CONCLUSION: Calcium sodium phosphosilicate showed greater reduction in sensitivity compared to potassium nitrate at an earlier stage which is of high clinical value. However, based on the findings of the present study long term effects of calcium sodium phosphosilicate seem to be less promising than previously claimed. Key words:Dentinal desensitizing agents, dentinal hypersensitivity, toothpaste, pain measurement.
ABSTRACT
A large number of home use products have been tested and used for managing dentinal hypersensitivity. This eight-week clinical trial compared the temporal efficacy of a commercially available toothpaste containing calcium sodium phosphosilicate to that of a toothpaste containing potassium nitrate. For this study, 20 subjects (age 18 - 65) were screened using a visual analog scale (VAS) for sensitivity to a cold stimulus. Baseline VAS sensitivity scores to tactile stimulus were recorded for a minimum of two teeth per patient. Dentifrices were prescribed for all patients and sensitivity scores were re-evaluated at two, four, and eight weeks. Though both groups showed significant reductions in sensitivity scores, only at eight weeks was there a marginally significant difference (p = 0.0551) in sensitivity scores between the test group and the positive control group.
