Prostatic abscess: diagnosis and treatment of an infrequent urological entity.

OBJECTIVE: To report two cases of prostatic abscess of difficult management and review the literature on diagnosis and management of this entity. METHODS /RESULTS: We describe two patients with prostatic abscess. The first one, a 73-year-old diabetic male, was treated using a more passive approach with percutaneous transrectal drainage; after a slow response, the patient passed away due to sepsis. The second case was a 59-year-old male who experienced a negative clinical response to antibiotic treatment. While under antibiotic ambulatory care the patient was treated with a transurethral resection of the prostate, which yielded a successful outcome. CONCLUSION: Prostatic abscess is a rare entity that affects individuals experiencing weakness and can be a serious condition. Measures taken to arrive at a resolution must be rapid and appropriate.

Absceso prostático. Diagnóstico y tratamiento de un proceso urológico poco frecuente en la actualidad / Prostatic abscess: diagnosis and treatmente of an infrequent urological entity

OBJETIVO: Presentar dos casos clínicos de absceso prostático de difícil manejo y revisar el diagnóstico y tratamiento de esta entidad.MÉTODOS/RESULTADOS: Descripción de dos pacientes con absceso prostático. El primer caso es un varón diabético de 73 años a quien se le instaura un manejo conservador con drenaje percutáneo transrectal y quien tras una evolución tórpida fallece de una sepsis urológica. El segundo caso es un varón de 59 años con mala evolución clínica tras tratamiento antibiótico ambulatorio realizándose una resección transuretral de próstata con resultado satisfactorio.CONCLUSIÓN: El absceso prostático es una entidad rara. Afecta principalmente a personas debilitadas lo que le confiere un carácter grave. Las medidas encaminadas a su resolución deben ser rápidas y oportunas(AU)

OBJECTIVE: To report two cases of prostatic abscess of difficult management and review the literature on diagnosis and management of this entity.METHODS /RESULTS: We describe two patients with prostatic abscess. The first one, a 73-year-old diabetic male, was treated using a more passive approach with percutaneous transrectal drainage; after a slow response, the patient passed away due to sepsis. The second case was a 59-year-old male who experienced a negative clinical response to antibiotic treatment. While under antibiotic ambulatory care the patient was treated with a transurethral resection of the prostate, which yielded a successful outcome.CONCLUSION: Prostatic abscess is a rare entity that affects individuals experiencing weakness and can be a serious condition. Measures taken to arrive at a resolution must be rapid and appropriate(AU)

[Hematuria of papillary or medullar origin: a difficult diagnosis entity]. / Hematuria de origen papilar o medular: entidad de difícil diagnóstico.

OBJECTIVES: Renal haemangiomas of renal papillary or medullar origin are a difficult diagnosis entity, being one of the most frequent processes of chronic episodes of hematuria, secondary to benign disease, mainly in young patients. The objective of this paper is to show the difficulty of this diagnosis and the need to suspect it in cases with clinical history similar to the ones described in these cases. METHODS: We report 4 cases of spontaneous hematuria of renal origin, with clinical presentation as renal colic, from the historical case series of the Fundacion Jimenez Díaz-Capio, the last two from the years 2005-6. We present the diagnostic and therapeutic methodology employed, including angio-CT and flexible ureterorenoscopy (URS) as well as various treatment options. RESULTS: Hematuria was identified as "essential" when any relation with tumor or lithiasic pathologies was ruled out, and of renal origin when the source was clearly pointed. We interpreted it was related to angiomas or microangiomas of papillary or medullar origin. In one case, the vascular malformation was interpreted as an arterial venous fistula (AVF) at that level. Hematuria stopped spontaneously in two cases after exploratory URS. The eldest historical case required surgical expiration of the caliceal structures. CONCLUSION: Years ago, following the professional development of Urology as speciality, conventional surgery was carried out in all these cases, of very difficult diagnosis, with a very small number of cases undergoing a conservative approach based on the examination of renal cavities trying to observe and find the bleeding point. Most cases underwent complete or partial nephrectomy. Currently, the possibility of exploration of all renal cavities with the flexible ureterorenoscope enables a better diagnosis of the lesions and a more conservative treatment. The ultimate diagnosis of renal papillary angioma is the pathologic diagnosis, without pathognomonic data in the imaging tests. This pathology is thought of at the end of the diagnostic workup, and when the papillary area is identified as the source of bleeding. The historical case series, with the pathologic findings from nephrectomy specimens, permits us to point out this entity as papillary angioma, in patients with similar clinical presentation.

Hematuria de origen papilar o medular: entidad de díficil diagnóstico / Hematuria of papillary or medullar origin: a difficult diagnosis entity

Objetivo: Los hemangiomas renales de origen papilar o medular renal, es una entidad de difícil diagnóstico, siendo una de las causas más frecuentes de episodios crónicos de hematuria, por patología benigna, fundamentalmente en pacientes jóvenes (1). El objetivo de esta presentación es mostrar la dificultad de este diagnóstico y la necesidad de sospecharlo en cuadros con historia similar a la que expresan estos casos. Métodos: Se presentan 4 casos de hematuria espontánea de origen renal, con expresión clínica de dolor cólico, de la serie histórica del Servicio de Urología de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Capio, los dos últimos del año 2005-6. Se presenta la metodología diagnóstica y terapéutica realizada, incluidos los estudios de angioTAC y la URS (ureterorenoscopia flexible), asi como diversas opciones de tratamiento. Resultado: La hematuria se identificó como “esencial” al descartar la relación responsable con patología tumoral o litiásica, y de origen renal al señalar claramente su origen. Se interpretó relacionada con angiomas o microangiomas de origen papilar o medular. En un caso la malformación vascular fue interpretada como FAV (fístula arteriovenosa) a ese nivel. Tras la URS exploradora, la hematuria cedió espontáneamente en dos casos. El caso histórico más antiguo requirió la exploración quirúrgica de las estructuras calicilares. Conclusión: Hace años y siguiendo el desarrollo profesional de la Especialidad de Urología, todos estos casos, de gran dificultad diagnóstica, eran sometidos a cirugía convencional, en muy pocas ocasiones con actitud conservadora, basada ésta en la exploración de las cavidades renales, intentando observar y encontrar el lugar del sangrado activo. La mayoría de los casos eran sometidos finalmente a Nefrectomía total o parcial. La posibilidad actual, de poder explorar las cavidades renales en su totalidad con el ureterorenoscopio flexible, permite un mejor diagnóstico de las lesiones y un tratamiento más conservador. El diagnóstico último de angioma renal papilar es anatomo-patológico, sin existir datos patogneumónicos de diagnóstico por la imagen Se piensa en esta patología, al final del proceso diagnóstico, y al identificar la zona papilar como origen del sangrado. La serie histórica de casos clinicos, con los hallazgos anatomo-patológicos de las nefrectomías realizadas, permite señalar la entidad, como angioma papilar, en pacientes con clínica similar (AU)

Objectives: Renal haemangiomas of renal papillary or medullar origin are a difficult diagnosis entity, being one of the most frequent processes of chronic episodes of hematuria, secondary to benign disease, mainly in young patients (1). The objective of this paper is to show the difficulty of this diagnosis and the need to suspect it in cases with clinical history similar to the ones described in these cases. Methods: We report 4 cases of spontaneous hematuria of renal origin, with clinical presentation as renal colic, from the historical case series of the Fundacion Jimenez Díaz - Capio, the last two from the years 2005-6. We present the diagnostic and therapeutic methodology employed, including angio-CT and flexible ureterorenoscopy (URS) as well as various treatment options. Results: Hematuria was identified as “essential” when any relation with tumor or lithiasic pathologies was ruled out, and of renal origin when the source was clearly pointed. We interpreted it was related to angiomas or microangiomas of papillary or medullar origin. In one case, the vascular malformation was interpreted as an arterial venous fistula (AVF) at that level. Hematuria stopped spontaneously in two cases after exploratory URS. The eldest historical case required surgical expiration of the caliceal structures. Conclusion: Years ago, following the professional development of Urology as speciality, conventional surgery was carried out in all these cases, of very difficult diagnosis, with a very small number of cases undergoing a conservative approach based on the examination of renal cavities trying to observe and find the bleeding point. Most cases underwent complete or partial nephrectomy. Currently, the possibility of exploration of all renal cavities with the flexible ureterorenoscope enables a better diagnosis of the lesions and a more conservative treatment. The ultimate diagnosis of renal papillary angioma is the pathologic diagnosis, without pathognomonic data in the imaging tests. This pathology is thought of at the end of the diagnostic workup, and when the papillary area is identified as the source of bleeding. The historical case series, with the pathologic findings from nephrectomy specimens, permits us to point out this entity as papillary angioma, in patients with similar clinical presentation (AU)