[Whole exome sequencing in oncology].

Whole exome sequencing (WES) has become a leading tool for genetic analysis right after its invention. This approach permits the detection of mutations spread within coding regions of the entire genome. For cancer patients WES is particularly effective for the search of hereditary cancer mutations and identification of somatically mutated druggable genes. Use of WES already resulted in significant advances in understanding for molecular mechanisms of cancer.

[A polymorphism study of the CYP19 gene in endometrial cancer patients]. / Izuchenie polimorfizma gena CYP19 u bol'nykh rakom éndometriia.

A strong connection is known to exist between initiation/promotion of endometrial cancer and excess of estrogens. Therefore, participation of certain alleles of genetic polymorphisms in steroid biosynthesis or metabolism may be responsible for predisposition to the disease. The present study, comparing CYP19 (aromatase) gene polymorphism in 85 patients and 110 healthy females, pointed to a more frequent occurrence of relatively longer alleles (A6 and A7) of the CYP19 gene in the former group. Furthermore, precisely those genotypes co-occurred more frequently with elevated blood levels of estradiol and testosterone in postmenopausal patients. Hence, CYP19 gene polymorphism may be regarded as a factor of genetic risk for endometrial carcinoma.