[Clinical and economic aspects of laparoscopic surgery for acute cholecystitis in delayed presentation]. / Kliniko-ekonomicheskie aspekty laparoskopicheskikh operatsii pri ostrom kholetsistite v usloviyakh pozdnei gospitalizatsii.

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical and economic features of laparoscopic surgery for acute cholecystitis in delayed presentation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective non-randomized study (2020-2021) included 101 patients (73.2% (n=74) men and 26.8% (n=27) women, mean age 58±14.9 years) with acute cholecystitis who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Cost-effectiveness analysis of laparoscopic cholecystectomy at various periods after clinical manifestation was performed. RESULTS: Surgical treatment within 72 hours was performed in 15% (n=16) of cases (group 1), within 4-10 days - in 57.5% (n=58) (group 2), after 10 days - in 26.7% (n=27) of patients (group 3). Overall incidence of postoperative complications was 2.9%, postoperative mortality - 1.9% (two patients died from widespread peritonitis). Surgery time was 70 [65-83], 85 [69-110] and 115 [80-125] min (H=15.55, p<0.001), hospital-stay - 6 [5-7], 9 [7-10] and 11 [7-14] days, respectively (H=21.86, p<0.001). Cost of direct (medical and non-medical) treatment amounted to 29484 [27 509-33 885], 41265 [34 306-48 301] and 50591 [37 069-62 483] rubles, respectively (H=29.71, p<0.001)). CONCLUSION: Delayed hospitalization and surgical treatment of acute cholecystitis after 72 hours are accompanied by higher treatment costs by 29% in the period up to 10 days and by 58% after 10 days. These results require further validation and adjustment in large samples.

[Perforated peptic ulcer in patients with cancer: prediction of postoperative morbidity and mortality]. / Probodnaya yazva u patsientov s onkologicheskimi zabolevaniyami: prognozirovanie posleoperatsionnykh oslozhnenii i letal'nogo iskhoda.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze treatment outcomes and approaches to predicting the postoperative morbidity and mortality in patients with perforated ulcers and cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A non-randomized trial included 194 patients. The first group enrolled 45 (23%) patients with perforated ulcers and concomitant cancer who underwent at the oncology center; the second group included 149 (77%) patients with perforated ulcers and no cancer who underwent surgery in general surgical hospitals. Organ-sparing procedures prevailed (40 (88.9%) and 138 (92.6%) cases, respectively). Resections were performed in 5 (11.1%) and 11 (7.4%) patients respectively. Analyzing the factors affecting treatment outcomes, we studied crude (COR) and adjusted (AOR) odds ratios. ROC-analysis was used to assess diagnostic significance of the models for prognosis of morbidity and mortality. RESULTS: Length of hospital-stay was 10 (range 9-14) and 8 (range 7-9) days respectively. Postoperative complications (Clavien-Dindo grading system) occurred in 18 (40%) in 37 (24.8%) patients, respectively. According to multivariate analysis, predictors of complications in patients of the first group were treatment with NSAIDs/glucocorticoids and Charlson-Deyo index >3. Sensitivity of this model was 82.4%, specificity - 75.0%. Postoperative mortality was 15.6% (n=7) and 7.4% (n=11) respectively. According to multivariate analysis, predictors of mortality were age over 65 years and more than 5 chemotherapeutic courses. Sensitivity of the model was 85.7%, specificity - 97.4%. CONCLUSION: The stratified approach makes it possible to improve prediction of postoperative morbidity and mortality in patients with perforated ulcers.