[The hemostasis system in hypoxic anoxia of varying degree]. / Sistema gemostaza v usloviiakh gipoksicheskoi gipoksii razlichnoi stepeni.

This paper presents an overview of investigations of blood coagulation of man exposed to hypoxic hypoxia or hypoxia combined with hypercapnia. Blood coagulation changes were related to the level of hypoxia and correlated with variations in blood gases and acid-base characteristics. Prognostic criteria associated with increased coagulation in response to hypoxia were formulated. It was found that hypoxia of any degree reduced significantly the stimulation effect of epinephrine on blood coagulation and fibrinolysis. The paper discusses the relationship between respiratory and hemostatic functions of blood and mechanisms regulating its aggregation during hypoxia of various degree. It is recommended to add carbon dioxide in moderate concentrations to the hypoxic environment in order to prevent blood hypercoagulation and to increase its resistance to acute hypoxia and epinephrine-induced lesions. It is concluded that the functional state of the blood coagulation system is controlled by the concentration and proportion of oxygen and carbon dioxide, i. e. biologically active gases, in inhaled air and blood.

[Role of carbon dioxide in the correction of coagulation hemostasis during hypoxia]. / Rol' uglekisloty v korrektsii koaguliatsionnogo gemostaza pri gipoksii.

In acute animal experiments coagulation hemostasis reactions and blood acid-base state were investigated when dogs were breathing hypoxic (10% O2) or hypoxic-hypercapnic (10% O2, 5% CO2) gas mixtures. When given the hypoxic mixture, activation of blood coagulation was accompanied by depression of anti-coagulatory and fibrinolytic properties. These changes developed together with distinct hypoxemia, respiratory alkalosis and secondary metabolic acidosis. When given the hypoxic-hypercapnic mixture, no hypercoagulation occurred which can be explained by higher (than on the hypoxic mixture) paO2, lack of disorders in acid-base equilibrium and in oxygen supply. It is believed that the ability of carbon dioxide to maintain relative normocoagulation when added to the hypoxic mixture is one of the factors that increase tolerance to hypoxia.

[Hypoxia-hypercapnic effects on lactate dehydrogenase activity in rat heart tissue]. / Aktivnost' laktatdegidrogenazy v serdtse krys pri gipoksicheski-giperkapnicheskikh vozdeistviiakh.

Activity of lastate dehydrogenase (LDH) was studied in blood and tissues of left and right rat heart ventricles after the simultaneous effect of hypoxia and hypercapnia. The animals were kept in the closed space, where content of gases to the end of the experiment (about 1.5 hr) was equal to: O2--10%, CO2--3%. Activity of LDH was decreased within the first 3 days and the maximal enzymatic activity was observed within 15 days; after 30 days of hypoxic-hypercapnic exposure activity of LDH was significantly decreased in myocardium but it reached the control value in the serum of blood obtained from the heart.