ABSTRACT
We show characteristic morphological changes corresponding to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) program fulfillment in PANC1 cell line stimulated with TGFß1. Our results support downregulation of E-cadherin protein. We show 5- and 28-fold increase in SNAI1 and SNAI2 expression levels and 25- and 15-fold decrease in CDH1 and KRT8 expression levels, respectively, which confirms the EMT-program fulfillment. We demonstrate downregulation of expression of pancreatic master genes SOX9, FOXA2, and GATA4 (2-, 5-, and 4-fold, respectively) and absence of significant changes in HES1, NR5A2, and GATA6 expression levels in the cells stimulated with TGFß1. Our results indicate the absence of induction of expression of PTF1A, PDX1, HNF1b, NEUROG3, RPBJL, NKX6.1, and ONECUT1 genes, which are inactive in PANC1 cell line after the EMT stimulated by TGFß1.
Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma/metabolism , Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition/physiology , GATA4 Transcription Factor/metabolism , Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 3-beta/metabolism , Pancreatic Neoplasms/metabolism , SOX9 Transcription Factor/metabolism , Adenocarcinoma/pathology , Antigens, CD , Cadherins/genetics , Cadherins/metabolism , Cell Line, Tumor , Down-Regulation , Epithelial Cells/metabolism , Epithelial Cells/pathology , Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition/genetics , GATA4 Transcription Factor/genetics , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/physiology , Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 3-beta/genetics , Humans , Keratin-8/genetics , Keratin-8/metabolism , Mesoderm/metabolism , Mesoderm/pathology , Pancreatic Neoplasms/genetics , Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology , SOX9 Transcription Factor/genetics , Snail Family Transcription Factors/genetics , Snail Family Transcription Factors/metabolism , Transforming Growth Factor beta1/administration & dosage , Transforming Growth Factor beta1/metabolismABSTRACT
The investigation of soil microbial cenoses in cultivated catenas and in virgin soils at the foot of catenas showed that the structure of these microbiocenoses depends on the type of the vegetation cover, the characteristics of mesorelief, and the degree of soil tillage. The microbiocenoses were found to be dominated by the fungal mycelium. The proportion of bacteria and fungal spores was higher and the seasonal variations in the soil microbial communities were more distinct in the cultivated than in the virgin swamp and forest soils. The type of mesorelief was found to appreciably influence microbial populations in the top humus-rich horizons of the cultivated soils and not in the mineral soil horizons.
