[Treatment of mild and moderate hypertension with enalapril (multicenter study of enap and enap N in Ukraine)]. / Lechenie miagkoi i umerennoi arterial'noi gipertonii énalaprilom (mnogotsentrovoe issledovanie énapa i énapa-N na Ukraine).

AIM: Assessment of efficiency and safety of enalapril (enap) and its combination with hydrochlorotiaside (enap-N). MATERIALS AND METHODS: 127 patients with mild and moderate blood hypertension entered an open non-comparative multicenter trial. 60 of them received enap (group 1), 67--enap N (group 2). Group 1 patients were given enap for 2 weeks in a dose 10 mg/day. If this dose was not adequate to normalize blood pressure, it was raised to 20-40 mg/day. Patients of group 2 received enap-N one tablet a day for 3 weeks. If the pressure persisted higher than 140/90 mm Hg, the treatment was continued for 3 weeks more in a dose of 2 tablets a day. RESULTS: Blood pressure lowered under 140/90 mm Hg in 40 patients of group 1 (66.7%). Systolic pressure dropped by 10 mm Hg minimum and diastolic by 5 mm minimum in 18 group 1 patients (30%). Enap-N reduced blood pressure under 140-90 mm Hg in 44 of 67 patients (65.7%). Systolic and diastolic pressure dropped, respectively, in 23(34.3%) patients. CONCLUSION: Enap and enap-N tablets were found highly effective and well tolerated. Side effects were caused by lowering of blood pressure.

[The effect of the long-term treatment with calcium antagonists on myocardial function in patients with hypertension]. / Vliianie dlitel'nogo lecheniia antagonistami kal'tsiia na funktsional'noe sostoianie miokarda u bol'nykh gipertonicheskoi bolezn'iu.

Prolonged effect (6-12 months) of verapamil and nifedipine on the systolic and diastolic function of the myocardium was studied in 48 patients with hypertensive disease (stage II). It was established that in patients with a high ejection fraction (55% and more) the two drugs produce a distinct reduction of the pumping heart function. The two drugs increase the rate of early diastolic filling. They also may reduce the arterial pressure via different hemodynamic mechanisms: vasodilatation or via reduction of cardiac output.

[A comparative analysis of the antihypertensive activity of calcium antagonists and adrenoblockers in long-term treatment]. / Sravnitel'nyi analiz antigipertenzivnoi aktivnosti antagonistov kal'tsiia i adrenoblokatorov pri dlitel'nom lechenii.

Essential hypertension stage II was treated by calcium antagonists, alpha- and beta-adrenoblockers in 362 patients. The drugs were compared for hypotensive efficiency at rest and exercise. A significant hypotensive effect was achieved in 81%, 58%, 44%, 43% and 37% of patients treated with labetalol, nifedipine, nadolol, propranolol, diltiazem, respectively. An increase in verapamil daily dose from 240 to 600 mg led to a rise in efficacy from 27 to 75% without an increase in the number of side effects. The antihypertensive effect of the drugs is shown to persist in long-term treatment as shown by exercise tests and static loads.

[Changes in the renin-angiotensin system and the effectiveness of the treatment of hypertension with calcium antagonists, beta-adrenoblockers and diuretics]. / Dinamika renin-angiotenzinovoi sistemy i éffektivnost' lecheniia bol'nykh gipertonicheskoi bolezn'iu antagonistami kal'tsiia, beta-adrenoblokatorami i diuretikami.

Renin response to nifedipine, verapamil, propranolol and hypothiazide was studied in 133 patients with Stage II hypertensive disease. The common mechanism of action in all these drugs was an increase in baseline plasma renin activity (PRA). In patients with a baseline high RPA, propranolol and nifedipine lowered it, whereas verapamil and hypothiazide unchanged it. Group analysis indicated that enhanced PRA during therapy was unassociated with diminished antihypertensive effects of an agent as compared with patients in whom RPA showed no increase. Propranolol was more effective in patients with high PRA than the other agents. The best nifedipine tolerance was recorded in patients with lower PRA.

[The long-term use of obzidan in patients with hypertension]. / O dlitel'nom primenenii obzidana u bol'nykh gipertonicheskoi bolezn'iu.

The state of 48 patients with hypertensive disease was studied before and in the course of prolonged anaprilin monotherapy. Most patients with an initially increased mass of left ventricle myocardium (MLVM) showed beginning with the third month a reduction of this mass due to decrease in the thickness of the posterior wall and interventricular septum accompanied by an increased tolerance of the patients to physical load.

[Relation between the renin-angiotensin and kallikrein-kinin systems of the blood during physical loading of hypertension patients]. / Sootnoshenie renin-angiotenzinnoi i kallikrein-kininovoi sistem krovi pri fizicheskoi nagruzke u bol'nykh gipertonicheskoi bolezn'iu.

Blood angiotensin-converting enzyme, renin, kallikrein and prekallikrein ratios were investigated in 61 essentially hypertensive patients at rest and during rationed exercise. Biochemical findings were compared with major parameters of systemic hemodynamics measured under the same conditions. Grouping of patients on the basis of renin activity was mirrored in different levels of the angiotensin-converting enzyme and kallikrein: increased renin activity was accompanied by the activation of the said enzymes, and reduced activity, by their suppression. Rationed exercise did not produce noticeable kallikrein-kinin shifts in hypertensive patients, their renin-angiotensin response depending on the baseline. The markedness of hemodynamic change in response to exercise differed in patients with different humoral background.

[Renin, kallikrein and angiotensin converting enzyme in human physical loading]. / Renin, kallikrein i angiotenzinprevrashchaiushchii ferment pri fizicheskoi nagruzke u cheloveka.

The authors studied the correlation between the activity of renin, angiotensin-converting enzyme, the activity of prekallikrein and the blood prekallikrein level in men performing veloergometric exercise. At the same time they recorded the hemodynamic parameters (systolic and diastolic arterial pressure, the systolic rate, stroke volume and cardiac index, specific peripheral resistance). The blood samples collected before and immediately after the exercise showed a 41.4%-increase in the activity of renin and a 95%-increase in that of kallikrein, whereas the level of prekallikrein and the activity of the converting enzyme declined by 19 and 13% (P less than 0.05). These changes were accompanied by an increase in the systolic rate (by 107%) and in the systolic arterial pressure (by 36.7%), as well as by a reduction of the specific peripheral resistance (by 41.4%).