ABSTRACT
Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most common primary hepatic malignancy. For patients not amenable to surgical treatment, transarterial chemoembolization is a viable therapeutic alternative. Extrahepatic collateral arterial supply to the tumor may occur in a variety of scenarios and timely detection of this phenomenon is of fundamental importance to achieve optimal outcomes and response to treatment. This report presents a case of hepatocellular carcinoma that was supplied mainly by a parasitized right phrenic artery and was only successfully treated once this was identified. Further discussion of extrahepatic collateral arterial supply is also presented.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Ultrasound imaging requires trained personnel. Advances in robotics and data transmission create the possibility of telesonography. This review introduces clinicians to current technical work in and potential applications of this developing capability. CONCLUSION: Telesonography offers advantages in hazardous or remote environments. Robotically assisted ultrasound can reduce stress injuries in sonographers and has potential utility during robotic surgery and interventional procedures.
