ABSTRACT
UNLABELLED: Abstract thinking belongs to intellectual abilities of the highest level of the evolutionary development, thanks to which operations such a classification, systematisation and comparison are possible. AIM: An analysis of the psychometric properties of the Proverb-Metaphor Test (TPM) which has been used in the German speaking countries since 2001. The TPM was subject to the process of translation--retranslation--travesty in order to be adapted to clinical conditions in Poland. MATERIAL: 60 patients of the Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Lublin with diagnosed paranoid schizophrenia (according to ICD-10 criteria). METHODS: PANSS and TPM was carried out amongst 15 patients at the beginning of the hospitalisation (the first stage of the research) and among all persons during the remission of syndromes (the second stage). The WAIS-R (PL) was used in the second stage. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: 1. The TPM is a reliable instrument, of high criteria propriety. 2. The evaluated test is a relatively homogeneous research tool. 3. The TPM is, thanks to its simple construction and the short carrying out time, a practical method of abstract thinking evaluation. 4. The TPM may be a useful instrument enabling long term prognosis.
Subject(s)
Language , Metaphor , Schizophrenia, Paranoid/diagnosis , Semantics , Translations , Adult , Female , Germany , Humans , Male , Poland , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales/standards , Psychiatry/methods , Psychometrics , Reproducibility of Results , Schizophrenia, Paranoid/psychology , Severity of Illness IndexABSTRACT
The aim of the second part of our work associated with psychopharmacotherapy during pregnancy and lactation is to present current guidelines of expert-groups concerning the rules of treating affective disorders and actual data about the spreading of these disorders pre- and perinatal effects of drugs used, the classification of antidepressants and mood stabilizers according to FDA and the safety of these medications for the breast fed newborn.
Subject(s)
Fetal Development/drug effects , Lactation/drug effects , Mood Disorders/drug therapy , Pregnancy Complications/drug therapy , Psychotropic Drugs/adverse effects , Breast Feeding , Female , Humans , Infant Welfare , Infant, Newborn , Maternal Welfare , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Complications/psychology , Psychotropic Drugs/administration & dosage , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
The aim of our work based on the global literature-review is to present the guidelines of the psychopharmacotherapy during pregnancy and lactation recommended by various experts-groups as followed: 1. American Academy of Pediatrics, American Psychiatric Association, American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, The Maudsley Guidelines, Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Mainz, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology in Warsaw. In the first part the guidelines concerning to psychopharmacotherapy of psychotic disorders have been presented and actual data about spreading of these illnesses, pre- and perinatal effects of drugs used, the classification of neuroleptic drugs according to FDA and the safety of these medicines for the breast fed newborn.
Subject(s)
Fetal Development/drug effects , Lactation/drug effects , Pregnancy Complications/drug therapy , Psychotic Disorders/drug therapy , Psychotropic Drugs/adverse effects , Breast Feeding , Female , Humans , Infant Welfare , Infant, Newborn , Maternal Welfare , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Pregnancy , Psychotropic Drugs/administration & dosage , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
The treatment of psychiatric disturbance during pregnancy and breast feeding presents for psychiatrics a big challenge and very difficult dilemma. The psychopharmacotherapy during these periods should always involve a careful analysis of the risks and benefits of treatment which needs co-operation between obstetricians and psychiatrists. The purpose of this article is to review present scientific reports on the use of psychotropic drugs in pregnancy, puerperium and during breast feeding. The article brings forward psychopharmacotherapy in aspect of eventual risks for occurrence of teratogenecity, perinatal and postnatal toxicity in the neonate and in the breast feeding. The guidelines described concern the treatment of the psychiatric illnesses and disorders.
