ABSTRACT
The success of a screening program depends in great measure on effective organization. The purpose of the screening program is the commencement of treatment of selected patients within two weeks of life. In total in our laboratory we have tested 461,479 newborns during 1985-1996. The introduction of bar codes in 1995 (recommended by the Institute of Mother and Child in Warsaw) improved our work in the laboratory and departments of obstetrics and reduced the possibility of errors. The screening tests for congenital hypothyroidism appear to serve the monitoring of iodine deficiency disorders. The good organization of the screening program is indispensable and needs permanent control.
Subject(s)
Congenital Hypothyroidism , Hypothyroidism/diagnosis , Female , Fluoroimmunoassay , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Iodine/deficiency , Male , Mass Screening , Neonatal Screening , Poland , Thyrotropin/bloodABSTRACT
The study on the effects of Czarnobyl accident on thyroid gland function in children (MZ XVII program) revealed a high incidence of goiter in the population of children in district Kraków and Nowy Sacz. Other study on Tarnobrzeg population showed that the frequency of goiter in school children was 67%. The goiter prevalence, urine iodine excretion and iodine food consumption in the same populations were compared. The detailed investigation of iodine intake in children by feeding questionnaire shows a low consumption of iodine. The urine iodine excretion in the population of Kraków-district was low, but higher than in Nowy Sacz-district and nearly normal in Tarnobrzeg. High frequency of goiter in children and of IDD in newborns screened for CH, as well as low urine iodine excretion, together with low iodine intake with food are the markers of iodine deficiency in Kraków and Nowy Sacz districts. The improvement of feeding as well as iodine salt supplementation is necessary. The situation in Tarnobrzeg district looks differently and needs additional study.
Subject(s)
Goiter, Endemic/epidemiology , Iodine/deficiency , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Diet , Female , Goiter, Endemic/prevention & control , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Iodine/administration & dosage , Iodine/urine , Male , Mass Screening , Poland/epidemiology , PrevalenceABSTRACT
The effect of proteolytic enzyme preparations such as Proteopol PB (bacterial origin), ficin, and pancreatin on the thermostability of egg-white proteins during pasteurization was investigated. Proteolytic activities of each enzyme were measured at three different doses which were calculated by the ANSON method. The degree of white protein degradation was evaluated by the determination of amino-nitrogen. Effectiveness in reducing the coagulation of egg-white proteins varied, depending on the type and dose of enzyme used. Proteopol PB showed only little effect, ficin demonstrated the best anticoagulation properties at the lowest dose, while for pancreatin the middle dose proved to be the most effective. It was concluded that moderate proteolysis is useful for improving the thermostability of egg-white proteins during pasteurization. Total bacterial counts increased considerably after incubation of egg-white with enzyme preparations, but after pasteurization the number of bacteria decreased to levels which were compatible with bacteriological standards for egg-white products.
Subject(s)
Egg White/analysis , Peptide Hydrolases , Animals , Chickens , Enzyme Stability , Hot TemperatureABSTRACT
Meat was sterilized with gamma-radiation in an aluminum foil bag and then contaminated with a determined quantity of Bacillus subtilis spores. The bag was then placed in the centre of a can filled with meat. After autoclave sterilization, the whole contents of the aluminum foil bags were examined for the quantity of survived bacteria. This procedure enables the determination of thermal resistance of some bacteria on the condition that appears during typical heating processes. Moreover from all the critical areas all surviving microorganisms can be determined.
