[Ultrasound images of prostate and seminal vesicles in infertile male patients]. / Obrazy ultrasonograficzne gruczolu krokowego i pecherzyków nasiennych u bezdzietnych mezczyzn.

The results of clinical examinations, semen analysis and endosonographic examinations of prostate and seminal vesicles were analysed in 172 male patients treated due to infertility. Ultrasound equipment with transrectal multiplane transducers 6.5 and 7.0 MHz frequency has been used to the evaluation of size, symmetry and echostructure of prostate and the seminal vesicles. In 62% patients pathological changes have been displayed in the prostate and 32% in the seminal vesicles.

[Usefulness of diagnostic ultrasonography for evaluation of scrotal organs]. / Przydatnosc diagnostyczna ultrasonografii do oceny stanu narzadów moszny.

Scrotal sonography was performed on 172 patients treated for infertility ranging 1-10 years. The results of the sonographic examinations were compared with palpations. Pathological deviations were found in 71.5% of patients using sonography and ony 53.5% of patients examined clinically. Our study found varicocele in 55.2% of patients, spermatoceles in 6.4% of patients and pathological amount of fluid surrounding the testicles in 15.1% of patients. The results of our study show that sonography should be used for more exact and more correct findings in the examination of scrotal organs and accurate monitoring of applied treatment.

[Some routine test parameters of semen taken from the male partner of infertile couples and the state of the urogenital tract (prostate, seminal vesicles, testicles, epididymis) examined by ultrasound]. / Niektóre rutynowo badane cechy nasienia mezczyzn z nieplodnych par malzenskich a stan narzadów plciowych (prostaty, pecherzyków nasiennych, jader, najadrzy) w badaniu echosonograficznym.

The authors investigated 214 men with endorectal and percutaneous scrotal sonography. These men were treated for the reason of sperm defects. The age range was 22 to 52 years. They were married for 2-10 years and infertile. The sperm was defected in respect of low percentage of motility (< or = 50%) and vitality and increased percentage of morphological abnormalities. The paper is an attempt to find the correlation between the sperm vitality and the frequency of prostate, seminal vesicles, testes and ejaculatory ducts defects. These correlations were particularly evident in sperm samples with decreased sperm concentration (1-20 mln/ml). The authors suggested the usefulness of the finding in treating the male infertility.

[Transesophageal echocardiography--our preliminary experience]. / Echokardiografia przezprzelykowa--wstepne doswiadczenia wlasne.

This study presents the initial experience of our department with transesophageal echocardiography. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) were performed simultaneously in 31 clinical patients (16 to 76 years old). 13 pts with aortic (9) and mitral (4) valve disease, 10 pts with ischemic heart disease (including 7 AMI), 3 pts with congestive cardiomyopathy, 2 pts with aortic aneurysm and 3 pts with other heart diseases. The investigations were performed with use of Aloka SSD 650 machine and 7.5 MHz transesophageal convex transducer. The patients were prepared for the examination in the typical way by local anesthesia, administration of sedatives and heart monitoring. The following projections were used: basic short- and long-axis view, four chamber view, and transgastric view. These investigation confirmed the usefulness TEE for evaluation of aortic and mitral valves, especially their morphology, atrial septum and atrial cavities. Contractility and other heart structures were difficult to be evaluated by TEE. It seems to be possible to estimate the proximal sections of the coronary arteries. Only few complications were found: supraventricular (2) and ventricular extrasystoles (8), transient supraventricular tachycardia (3), and bradycardia (3). Late complications were not found.