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1.
Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) ; 33(8): 494-506, 2021 08.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33722412

ABSTRACT

AIMS: Adolescents and young adults aged 15-39 years with cancer face unique medical, practical and psychosocial issues. In the UK, principal treatment centres and programmes have been designed to care for teenage and young adult patients aged 13-24 years in an age-appropriate manner. However, for young adults (YAs) aged 25-39 years with cancer, little access to age-specific support is available. The aim of this study was to examine this possible gap by qualitatively exploring YA care experiences, involving patients as research partners in the analysis to ensure robust results. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a phenomenological qualitative study with YAs diagnosed with any cancer type between ages 25 and 39 years old in the last 5 years. Participants took part in interviews or focus groups and data were analysed using inductive thematic analysis. Results were shaped in an iterative process with the initial coders and four YA patients who did not participate in the study to improve the rigor of the results. RESULTS: Sixty-five YAs with a range of tumour types participated. We identified seven themes and 13 subthemes. YAs found navigating the healthcare system difficult and commonly experienced prolonged diagnostic pathways. Participants felt under-informed about clinical details and the long-term implications of side-effects on daily life. YAs found online resources overwhelming but also a source of information and treatment support. Some patients regretted not discussing fertility before cancer treatment or felt uninformed or rushed when making fertility preservation decisions. A lack of age-tailored content or age-specific groups deterred YAs from accessing psychological support and rehabilitation services. CONCLUSIONS: YAs with cancer may miss some benefits provided to teenagers and young adults in age-tailored cancer services. Improving services for YAs in adult settings should focus on provision of age-specific information and access to existing relevant support.


Subject(s)
Neoplasms , State Medicine , Adolescent , Adult , Decision Making , Humans , Neoplasms/therapy , Qualitative Research , United Kingdom , Young Adult
2.
Clin Sarcoma Res ; 8: 13, 2018.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29785261

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: One of the commonly used systemic agents for the treatment of aggressive fibromatosis is the anti-oestrogen drug tamoxifen. However, data on efficacy and optimum methods of response assessment are limited, consisting mainly of small case series and reports. METHODS: A retrospective database was used to identify consecutive patients diagnosed with aggressive fibromatosis (AF) and treated with tamoxifen plus/minus non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs at our tertiary referral centre between 2007 and 2014. MRI and symptom changes were recorded. RESULTS: Thirty-two patients (13 male 19 female, median age 41 years) were included. Median duration of treatment with tamoxifen was 316 days. Of 9 patients with progressive disease by RECIST 1.1 (28%): 4 patients experienced worsening symptoms; 3 patients had improved symptoms and 2 had no change in symptoms. Of 22 patients with stable disease (69%): 11 had no change in symptoms; 6 had improved symptoms and 5 patients had worsening symptoms. One patient achieved a partial response with improved symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: No relationship was identified between symptomatic benefit and response by RECIST 1.1 on MRI. Prospective studies in AF should incorporate endpoints focusing on patient symptoms.

3.
Acta Oncol ; 57(7): 958-964, 2018 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29533113

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Data on temozolomide (TEM) and irinotecan (IRI) activity in recurrent Ewing sarcoma (EWS), especially in adult patients, are limited. METHODS: Patients receiving TEM 100 mg/m2/day oral, and IRI 40 mg/m2/day intravenous, days 1-5, every 21 days, were included in this multi-institutional retrospective study. Disease control rate (DCR) [overall response rate (ORR) [complete response (CR) + partial response (PR)] + stable disease (SD)], 6-months progression-free survival (6-mos PFS) and 1-year overall survival (OS) were assessed. RESULTS: The median age of the 51 patients was 21 years (range 3-65 years): 34 patients (66%) were adults (≥18 years of age), 24 (48%) had ECOG 1 and 35 (69%) were presented with multiple site recurrence. TEMIRI was used at first relapse/progression in 13 (25%) patients, while the remainder received TEMIRI for second or greater relapse/progression. Fourteen (27%) patients had received prior myeloablative therapy with busulfan and melphalan. We observed five (10%) CR, 12 (24%) PR and 19 (37%) SD, with a DCR of 71%. 6-mos PFS was 49% (95% CI 35-63) and it was significantly influenced by ECOG (6-mos PFS 64% [95% CI 45-83] for ECOG 0, 34% [95% CI 14-54] for ECOG ≥1; p = .006) and LDH (6-mos PFS 62% [95% CI 44-79] for normal LDH, 22% [95% CI 3-42] for high LDH; p = .02), with no difference according to line of treatment, age and metastatic pattern. One-year OS was 55% (95% CI 39-70), with RECIST response (p = .001) and ECOG (p = .0002) independently associated with outcome. Grade 3 and 4 toxicity included neutropenia in 12% of patients, thrombocytopenia in 4%, diarrhea in 4%. CONCLUSIONS: This series confirms the activity of TEMIRI in both adults and pediatric patients. This schedule offers a 71% DCR, independently of the line of chemotherapy. Predictive factors of response are ECOG and LDH.


Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Camptothecin/analogs & derivatives , Dacarbazine/analogs & derivatives , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/drug therapy , Sarcoma, Ewing/drug therapy , Sarcoma, Ewing/pathology , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Camptothecin/administration & dosage , Camptothecin/adverse effects , Child , Child, Preschool , Dacarbazine/administration & dosage , Dacarbazine/adverse effects , Female , Humans , Irinotecan , Male , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/mortality , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/pathology , Recurrence , Retrospective Studies , Sarcoma, Ewing/mortality , Temozolomide , Young Adult
4.
Appl Radiat Isot ; 136: 133-142, 2018 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29499445

ABSTRACT

Cross sections of alpha particle induced nuclear reactions on iridium were investigated using a 51.2-MeV alpha particle beam. The standard stacked-foil target technique and the activation method were applied. The activity of the reaction products was assessed without chemical separation using high resolution gamma-ray spectrometry. Excitation functions for production of gold, platinum and iridium isotopes (196m2Au, 196m,gAu, 195m,gAu, 194Au, 193 m,gAu, 192Au, 191m,gAu, 191Pt, 195mPt, 194gIr, 194mIr, 192gIr, 190gIr and 189Ir) were determined and compared with available earlier measured experimental data and results of theoretical calculations using TALYS code system. Cross section data were reported for the first time for the natIr(α,x)196m2Au, natIr(α,x)196m,gAu, natIr(α,x)191Pt, natIr(α,x)195mPt, natIr(α,x)194gIr, natIr(α,x)194mIr, natIr(α,x)190gIr and natIr(α,x)189Ir processes. A possible production route for 195mPt, the potentially important radionuclide in nuclear medicine, is discussed.

5.
Anaesthesia ; 73(1): 65-70, 2018 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29090731

ABSTRACT

We assessed the suitability of human cadavers preserved using Thiel's method for teaching flexible fibreoptic tracheal intubation. Thirty-one anaesthetists unacquainted with this technique received didactic teaching followed by handling of the fibrescope on the Oxford teaching box. They then carried out fibreoptic intubations in two cadavers to establish a baseline sample of their intubation skills. Thereafter, we randomly assigned the trainees to two groups to practice fibreoptic intubation either on two distinct cadavers or on two airway manikins. After 7 days we re-assessed procedural skills using the same cadavers as at baseline. Intubation time was the primary outcome and secondary outcomes included the incidence of failed intubations. We also evaluated trainee satisfaction. The mean (SD) intubation time decreased from a baseline value of 74 (20) s to 35 (6) s in the cadaver group and to 56 (16) s in the manikin group. The effect of 'time' was significant (p = 0.002), indicating that both methods of training led to improvements. The training effect of the cadaveric method was greater than with the manikin method (p = 0.0016). Thirty-four failed intubations occurred at baseline vs. eight at the end of study (RR 0.24, 95%CI 0.11-0.51, p = 0.0002, NNT 9.6); six in the cadaver group and two in the manikin group (p = 0.22). We conclude that human cadavers preserved using Thiel's method are potentially better for teaching flexible fibreoptic tracheal intubation compared with manikins.


Subject(s)
Anesthesiology/education , Cadaver , Clinical Competence , Fiber Optic Technology , Intubation, Intratracheal/methods , Manikins , Humans , Laryngeal Masks , Prospective Studies , Trachea
6.
Appl Radiat Isot ; 127: 16-25, 2017 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28478332

ABSTRACT

Excitation functions were measured for the natSr(d,x)88,87m,87g,86g,85gY, 87m,85g,83g,82Sr, 86g,84g,83,82m,81gRb reactions by the stacked foil activation technique and high-resolution gamma-spectrometry up to 50MeV. We present the first experimental activation cross section data for all investigated reactions. Our experimental data are compared with the TALYS code results as available in the TENDL-2015 on-line library. Use of deuteron induced reactions on Sr for production of medical isotopes is discussed.

7.
Appl Radiat Isot ; 122: 111-115, 2017 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28130978

ABSTRACT

A high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) device equipped with an anion exchange column was used to isolate nca 77As from reactor irradiated natGeO2 targets. The oxidation states of the isotope 77As during the process was verified by thin layer chromatography. The radionuclidic purity of the separated fractions was checked by gamma measurements and it was found to be 99.91% for the As fraction. The elaborated method was applied to separate the isotope 74As from cyclotron irradiated natGeO2 targets too.

8.
Br J Anaesth ; 116(3): 417-22, 2016 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26865134

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Using fresh or formalin-embalmed cadavers has not been generally accepted for the purposes of teaching airway management. We investigated whether cadavers 'preserved according Thiel's embalming method' (PATEM) are suitable for the simulation of facemask ventilation and tracheal intubation by direct laryngoscopy. METHODS: This observational cluster sampling, controlled simulation study, included eight PATEM cadavers and eight manikins in two clusters. Twenty experienced anaesthetists were randomly assigned to execute 80 facemask ventilations and 80 tracheal intubations in both groups. The ease of facemask ventilation was the primary endpoint. The secondary endpoint was the composite outcomes of laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation. RESULTS: The success rate at the first attempt at mask ventilation was 74% (59/80 attempts) on cadavers and 41% (33/80 attempts) on manikins (P<0.0001). Twenty one subjects received an oral airway in both groups and succeeded in facemask ventilation 20 times on cadavers and four times on manikins (P=0.004). Two-handed technique mask ventilation was required 24 times on manikins and once on cadavers (P=0.0016). In one attempt on a manikin the mask ventilation was impossible. Poor laryngeal view (Cormack-Lehane grade 3) occurred 14 times among cadavers (17.5%) and once in manikins (1.25%) (P=0.007), whereas difficulties in tracheal intubation were encountered 16 times in cadavers (20%) vs 17 times in manikins (21.25%) (P=0.84). In a subjective evaluation the participants preferred the cadaver model over the manikins (P<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: PATEM cadavers were better suited for facemask ventilation and provided a more realistic environment for laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation than the studied manikins.


Subject(s)
Intubation, Intratracheal , Laryngoscopy , Masks , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Cadaver , Cluster Analysis , Equipment Design , Female , Humans , Male
9.
Nutr Hosp ; 32 Suppl 2: 10294, 2015 Dec 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26615264
10.
Appl Radiat Isot ; 69(7): 965-8, 2011 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21440450

ABSTRACT

A method to produce (117m)Sn radionuclide using accelerator production route is described. A new method is proposed to separate the (117m)Sn. Specific activities and thick target yield for (116)Cd(α,3n)(117m)Sn reaction at E(α)=35MeV bombarding energy were determined. The estimated production yield of (117m)Sn was 37.5kBq/µAh for 13.16 mg/cm(2) natural cadmium-oxide target and 410 kBq/µAh for 11.07 mg/cm(2) highly enriched (95%) (116)CdO target. The method developed for separation of (117m)Sn from Cd using anion-exchange resin (Dowex -1×8, fluorine form, 400 mesh) can achieve 98% radiochemical yield of (117m)Sn with more than 99% radionuclidic purity. The estimated specific activity is 2.4 GBq/mg that can be reached with the used irradiation conditions.

11.
Appl Radiat Isot ; 69(1): 18-25, 2011 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20817541

ABSTRACT

Activation cross sections of deuteron induced nuclear reactions on enriched (100)Mo have been studied up to 50 MeV using the stacked foil irradiation technique and gamma spectroscopy. The excitation functions for production of (99m)Tc, (ind99)Mo, (ind98m)Nb, (ind97mg)Nb radioisotopes were measured for the first time and compared with the results of the ALICE-D, EMPIRE-D and TALYS codes. Production possibilities of the medically important (99m)Tc are discussed.


Subject(s)
Molybdenum/chemistry , Radioisotopes/chemistry , Technetium/chemistry , Deuterium/chemistry , Humans , Nuclear Medicine/methods
12.
Int J Toxicol ; 28(6): 479-87, 2009.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19966140

ABSTRACT

The dietary supplement Citicoline free-base (choline cytidine 5'-pyrophosphate) was toxicologically evaluated in Sprague-Dawley rats using oral gavage. In an acute 14-day study, 2000 mg/kg was well tolerated. In a 90-day study, 100, 350, and 1000 mg/kg/day doses resulted in no mortality. In males, slight significant increases in serum creatinine (350 and 1000 mg/kg/day), and decreases in urine volume (all treated groups) were observed. In females, slight significant increases in total white blood cell and absolute lymphocyte counts (1000 mg/kg/day), and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) (100 and 350, but not 1000 mg/kg/day) were noted. A dose-related increase in renal tubular mineralization, without degenerative or inflammatory reaction, was found in females (all treated groups) and two males (1000 mg/kg/day). Renal mineralization in rats (especially females) is influenced by calcium:phosphorus ratios in the diet. A high level of citicoline consumption resulted in increased phosphorus intake in the rats, and likely explains this result.


Subject(s)
Cytidine Diphosphate Choline/toxicity , Nootropic Agents/toxicity , Administration, Oral , Animals , Blood Cell Count , Blood Chemical Analysis , Calcinosis/chemically induced , Calcinosis/pathology , Creatinine/blood , Female , Kidney/pathology , Kidney Diseases/chemically induced , Kidney Diseases/pathology , Kidney Tubules/pathology , Lethal Dose 50 , Male , Organ Size/drug effects , Rats , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Time Factors , Urodynamics/drug effects
13.
J Vasc Access ; 9(2): 117-21, 2008.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18609527

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Our primary aims were (1) to examine the patency of transposed brachiobasilic (TBB) fistulae compared to arm arteriovenous graft (AVG) without prior transposition, and (2) to examine the patency of AVG with and without prior transposition. METHODS: Single institution; analysis of prospectively collected data between January 2001 and January 2007. Dedicated database and medical records were reviewed and results analyzed with SPSS. RESULTS: Ninety-one patients underwent 111 procedures (52 TBB: 39 AVG as index); 28 TBB failed with 17 (60%) being replaced with an ipsilateral AVG. TBB compared to AVG (without prior TBB) had significantly (log rank <0.05 ) better primary, primary assisted and secondary patency. Secondary patency at 2 yrs was 47% to 33%, respectively. Ipsilateral AVG after TBB to primary AVG had superior patency rates (secondary patency at 2 yrs 52 vs. 33%) but did not reach significance (log rank =0.073). Combined secondary patency of TBB and AVG after TBB was 81% at 2 yrs. CONCLUSIONS: The TBB offers an autogenous fistula in the upper arm which has superior patency rates to an arm AVG. Once a TBB has failed an ipsilateral AVG is technically feasible and may offer better patency than a primary AVG.


Subject(s)
Arm/blood supply , Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical/methods , Renal Dialysis , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Brachial Artery , Brachiocephalic Veins , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Polytetrafluoroethylene , Prospective Studies , Prosthesis Failure , Survival Rate , Vascular Patency
14.
J Chromatogr Sci ; 46(2): 93-6, 2008 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18366865

ABSTRACT

It has been demonstrated that besides the known flavanolignan constituents of the white-flowered variant of Silybum marianum, (-)-silandrin A (3a) and (-)-isosilandrin A (4a); their trans-benzodioxane diastereomers, (-)-silandrin B (3b) and (-)-isosilandrin B (4b), are also produced by the plant. Moreover, the isolation of their cis-benzodioxane diastereomers, (-)-isocisilandrin (5) and cisilandrin (6), confirm that the previously proposed biosynthetic pathway involving a nonselective O-beta coupling is correct.


Subject(s)
Flavonolignans/biosynthesis , Flavonolignans/isolation & purification , Silybum marianum/metabolism , Biosynthetic Pathways , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Flavonolignans/chemistry , Silybum marianum/chemistry , Silymarin/analogs & derivatives , Silymarin/chemistry , Silymarin/isolation & purification , Stereoisomerism
15.
J Chromatogr A ; 1133(1-2): 259-74, 2006 Nov 10.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16962601

ABSTRACT

The possibilities in the identification and quantitation of the constituents of Rubia tinctorum L.'s root, called also madder root, was described and compared by gas chromatography (GC)-MS, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-UV/photodiode array detection (DAD) and HPLC-MS: chromatographic analyses were carried out in parallel, from the same samples/extracts/hydrolyzates. Anthraquinone glycosides, anthraquinones, carboxylic acids and sugars were determined directly in the presence of the matrix and in its extracts without and subsequently to hydrolyses. Hydrolyses were performed as a function of time, with hydrochloric and trifluoroacetic acids, as well as enzymatically. Data revealed that as hydrolyzing agent trifluoroacetic acid is to be preferred. Madder root's anthraquinones (pseudopurpurin/purpurin, alizarin, lucidin, munjistin, nordamnacanthal) were identified on the basis of their absorption spectra (HPLC-DAD) and fragmentation patterns by GC-MS and HPLC-MS, equally. Reproducibility of anthraquinone's quantitation, by HPLC-DAD and GC-MS, in the concentration ranges of 4 x 10(-5) to 3 x 10(-2)g/g dried sample, provided an average reproducibility of 4.2% (varying between 0.9 and 9.4% relative standard deviation (RSD percentages)). Carboxylic acids (malic, citric, quinic, rosmarinic acids) and saccharides (xylose, ribose, fructose, glucose, sucrose, primverose) were quantified as their trimethylsilyl (oxime) ether/ester derivatives by GC-MS, in the concentration ranges of 10(-5)g to 10(-2)g/g dried sample, with an average reproducibility of 4.7% RSD.


Subject(s)
Chromatography, Gas/methods , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods , Plant Roots/chemistry , Rubia/chemistry , Anthraquinones/analysis , Anthraquinones/chemistry , Molecular Structure , Reproducibility of Results
16.
J Chromatogr Sci ; 44(4): 214-8, 2006 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16620521

ABSTRACT

High-performance liquid chromatography combined with a UV absorbance detector and electrospray ionization mass spectrometer is used for the simultaneous analysis of moexipril and moexiprilat in biological samples. Moexipril and moexiprilat are determined in samples metabolized by rat and human liver microsomal preparations, and also in rat urine. The calibration curve is linear in the ng/mL and microg/mL concentration range of the injected moexipril.


Subject(s)
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/metabolism , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods , Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization/methods , Tetrahydroisoquinolines/metabolism , Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/urine , Animals , Humans , Microsomes, Liver/metabolism , Rats , Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet , Tetrahydroisoquinolines/urine
17.
J Chromatogr A ; 1079(1-2): 208-12, 2005 Jun 24.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16038306

ABSTRACT

Nepsilon-Monomethyllysine was identified in the serum, urine, brain, and liver samples of rats treated per os with L-deprenyl. The identification procedure included reaction with Fmoc chloride, clean-up, and analysis using HPLC-UV-MS. Oral administration of (-)-N-14C-methyl-N-propynyl(2-phenyl-1-methyl)ethylammonium hydrochloride L-deprenyl) to rats resulted in transfer of the radiolabelled methyl group to the Nepsilon-amino group of the endogenous lysine. The radiolabelled Nepsilon-monomethyllysine was urinary eliminated together with the other radiolabelled deprenyl metabolites, such as deprenyl-N-oxide and methamphetamine. The presence of Nepsilon-monomethyllysine has also been traced, and its concentrations were compared in the serum, liver and brain of rats subjected to L-deprenyl treatment. Methyl group transfer from the L-deprenyl to endogenous compounds; and the urinary elimination of their products may offer a vital way to eliminate or to decrease the degree of drug transmethylation to the lysine constituents of blood vessels' proteins.


Subject(s)
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods , Lysine/analogs & derivatives , Mass Spectrometry/methods , Animals , Lysine/analysis , Male , Rats , Rats, Wistar
18.
Appl Radiat Isot ; 63(1): 1-9, 2005 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15866442

ABSTRACT

alpha-particle-induced nuclear reactions for generation of (211)At used in therapeutic nuclear medicine and possible contaminants were investigated with the stacked foil activation technique on natural bismuth targets up to E(alpha)=39 MeV. Excitation functions are reported for the reactions (209)Bi(alpha,2n)(211)At, (209)Bi(alpha,3n)(210)At and (209)Bi(alpha,x)(210)Po. Results obtained from direct alpha-emission measurements and gamma-spectra from decay products are compared and correspond well with earlier literature values. Thick target yields have been deduced from the experimental cross-sections and optimised production pathways for minimal contamination are presented. A comparison with the results of the theoretical model code ALICE-IPPE is discussed.

19.
Stat Szle ; 70(10): 820-33, 1992 Oct.
Article in Hungarian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12317602

ABSTRACT

PIP: The author examines ways in which Hungary's double address registration system influences the number and composition of families and households. (SUMMARY IN ENG AND RUS)^ieng


Subject(s)
Data Collection , Family Characteristics , Residence Characteristics , Demography , Developed Countries , Europe , Europe, Eastern , Geography , Hungary , Population , Research
20.
Stat Szle ; 68(4-5): 325-49, 1990.
Article in Hungarian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12283041

ABSTRACT

The author reviews Hungarian census methods concerning measurement of families and households, and the different definitions the government has used to define these terms since World War II. "The changes in the concepts of the household and family make [it] necessary to analyse how the conceptual systems used in different periods can be adapted to the concepts of our days. Moreover, the study makes an attempt to estimate, if possible, the number and structure of households and families for the years when such data collection (or processing) has not been carried out." (SUMMARY IN ENG AND RUS)


Subject(s)
Censuses , Data Collection , Family Characteristics , Statistics as Topic , Time Factors , Demography , Developed Countries , Europe , Europe, Eastern , Hungary , Population , Population Characteristics , Population Dynamics , Research
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