[Use of arachidene and alpha-tocopherol in the preoperative management of patients with peptic ulcer]. / Primenenie arakhidena i al'fa-tokoferola v predoperatsionnoi podgotovke bol'nykh iazvennoi bolezni.

It was established that concurrent use of arachidene and alpha-tocopherol in the commonly applied preoperative management of patients with peptic ulcer normalizes HCl secretion and the content of cytoprotective biological regulators of PGE2 and prostacyclin in the gastric juice. The level of thromboxane B2, lipoperoxides, and oxidized glutathione reduces significantly. It was also found that selective proximal vagotomy may in itself promote normalization of these metabolic indices.

[Effect of various types of vagotomy on prostaglandins (E, F2 alpha), thromboxane and prostacyclin synthesis in the mucosa of the gastroduodenal zone in experimental ulcer in the rat]. / Vliianie razlichnykh variantov vagotomii na sintez prostaglandinov (E, F2 alpha), tromboksana i prostatsiklina v slizistoi obolochke gastroduodenal'noi zony pri éksperimental'nykh iazvakh u krys.

Synthesis of prostaglandins E2 and F2 alpha (PGE2, PGF2 alpha) thromboxane B2 (TXB2) and prostacycline (PGI) was studied in mucose of gastroduodenal area under conditions of experimental ulcer in rats after complete truncal vagotomy as well as after incomplete vagotomy involving dissection of one vagus trunk, proximal selective dissection, dissection of vagus nerve. Estimation of PGE2, PGF2 alpha, TXB2 and PGI biosynthesis in mucose of stomach fundal and anthral parts and in duodenal mucose showed that dissection of vagus nerve, as compared with complete truncal vagotomy or with dissection of one vagus trunk, was the most effective type of operation in ulcers of duodenum. After this operation the synthesis of the eucosanoids (PGE2 and PGI) was activated, which caused cytoprotective and secrete-regulating effects, while production of PGE2 and TXB2 alpha (the tissue-deteriorating substances) was inhibited. Dissection of vagus nerve appears to contribute to secretion of hydrogen chloride in stomach as well as to accelerate reparative processes in gastroduodenal mucose via the metabolic mechanisms studied.

[Effect of the ulcerogenic agent cysteamine on the content of glutathione and glutathione-dependent enzymes in the mucous membrane of the gastroduodenal region in the rat]. / Deistvie ul'tserogennogo agenta--tsisteamina--na soderzhanie glutationa i glutation-zavisimykh fermentov v slizistoi obolochke gastroduodenal'noi zony krys.

A comparative study of reduced and oxidized glutathione forms and the activity of glutathione-dependent enzymes (glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase, and glutathione reductase) has been performed in the rat mucous membranes of different gastroduodenal areas 24 hours after the injection of cysteamine--a specific ulcerogenic agent. It has been shown that cysteamine causes a decrease in the concentration of reduced and an increase in the concentration of oxidized glutathione forms in all gastroduodenal areas. The fall in reduced glutathione form concentration is the greatest in the duodenal mucosa. A considerable decrease in glutathione-dependent enzyme activity, especially glutathione-S-transferase, was observed in duodenal mucosa. It is concluded that glutathione and glutathione-dependent enzyme system may be directly related to pathogenetic mechanisms of gastroduodenal ulcer formation.

[Effect of vagotomy, alpha-tocopherol and arachidene on lipid peroxidation in various areas of the gastroduodenal zone in rats with experimental peptic ulcer]. / Vliianie vagotomii, al'fa-tokoferola i arakhidena na perekisnoe okislenie lipidov v raznykh otdelakh gastroduodenal'noi zony u krys pri éksperimental'noi iazvennoi bolezni.

Lipid peroxidation (LPO) was investigated in the mucosa of different gastroduodenal areas in rats with ulcer. The animals were subject to various types of vagotomy and given various drugs. The ulcerogenic agent--cystamine--was shown to have a different degree effect on the activation of free radical reactions, most pronounced in duodenal mucosa. Selective proximal vagotomy was most effective in decreasing LPO activity, as compared to total and partial vagotomy. The use of an antioxidant--alpha-tocopherol, particularly its combination with arachidene, a preparation of polyunsaturated fatty acids, prevented the development of duodenal ulcer in 75% of cases and markedly decreased both ascorbate- and NADP X H-dependent LPO. It is suggested that LPO is directly involved in the pathogenesis of ulcer and that factors attenuating the process of LPO may prevent ulcerogenesis.