The effectiveness of exergames in improving physical activity behaviour and physical literacy domains in adolescents with developmental coordination disorder and cerebral palsy: A scoping review.

BACKGROUND: A large proportion of adolescents with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) are physically inactive. Physical literacy has been described as an important determinant in promoting health behaviours. The potential of exergames to improve physical literacy and activity has been recognized in typically developing children. The aim of the present scoping review was to identify and map the available evidence of this potential for adolescents with DCD. METHODS: A scoping review was performed via a literature search in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, ERIC and CINHAIL. RESULTS: From 2860 search records, six studies (two studies in DCD and four studies in cerebral palsy [CP]) assessed physical activity, 12 studies discussed exergame features and 16 studies assessed physical literacy domains. In DCD, one study showed positive effects of exergaming on physical activity and the other failed to show any significant effects of exergaming. In CP, all four studies demonstrated positive effects of exergaming on energy expenditure and daily physical activity. Furthermore, positive effects of exergames on the different physical literacy domains were shown, namely motor competence, self-concept and affect, motivation and social/experiential. Finally, exergame features including multiplayer modes, realism, game rewards, challenges and enjoyment were shown to have a significant effect on motivating and encouraging adolescents to exert more effort while playing. CONCLUSION: Based on the positive effects of exergaming on physical activity in other populations, more in-depth research in adolescents with DCD is warranted such that the decline in physical activity behaviour that is present in individuals with DCD can be counteracted. Physical literacy should be regarded as an important determinant in this regard.

Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis: Diagnostic dilemma and surgical solution in geriatric patients: A case report.

INTRODUCTION: Xanthogranulomatous Cholecystitis (XGC) is a rare inflammatory condition characterized by the presence of xanthogranulomas within the gallbladder wall, often mimicking gallbladder carcinoma (GBC). Diagnosis is challenging and may require biopsy. Once GBC is excluded, an open cholecystectomy is recommended, although laparoscopic cholecystectomy is increasingly being performed with great caution. This case report aims to evaluate clinical and radiological features, surgical outcomes, and treatment approaches for XGC. CASE PRESENTATION: A 70-year-old patient presented with right hypochondrial pain and a palpable gallbladder. A CT scan revealed a distended lithiasic gallbladder with a thickened irregular wall and hepatic nodules. A hepatic MRI suggested xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis. A CT-guided biopsy of the liver nodule showed no signs of malignancy. An open cholecystectomy with a trans-cystic drain was performed. Histological examination confirmed chronic xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 10. A clinical and radiological follow-up at 6 months postoperatively showed no abnormalities. CLINICAL DISCUSSION: XGC presents diagnostic challenges due to its resemblance to GBC. Imaging aids in diagnosis, but biopsy may be necessary. Open cholecystectomy is the recommended surgical treatment due to excessive local inflammation and the risk of concomitant malignancy. CONCLUSION: Managing XGC demands a holistic approach that integrates all clinical insights and mandates close collaboration among a multidisciplinary team of surgeons, radiologists, and pathologists. Further research is needed to refine diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for this rare condition, especially in geriatric patients.

Colo-colonic intussusception secondary to giant colonic lipoma in an adult: A case report.

INTRODUCTION: Intestinal intussusception is a rare complication in adults, accounting for 1 % of intestinal obstructions. Unlike in children, it is often secondary to a malignant lesion, rarely a benign one. Colonic lipomas are asymptomatic benign tumors often discovered incidentally. Colo-colonic intussusception due to a lipoma is exceptional. Here, we report a rare case of colo-colonic intussusception secondary to a giant caecal lipoma occurring in a 65-year-old woman. CASE PRESENTATION: A 65-year-old woman, was admitted in our surgical department for intermittent crampy abdominal pain in the right iliac fossa with an alternation of diarrhea and constipation over the past 10 months. The radiological investigation revealed a colo-colonic intussusception, most likely secondary to a fatty mass in the cecum. A right hemicolectomy was performed with ileocolic anastomosis because of the risk of malignancy. Histopathological examination confirmed the lipomatous nature of the lesion. The patient remained asymptomatic three years after surgery. CLINICAL DISCUSSION: Colonic lipomas are often asymptomatic. They can cause intussusception with clinical symptoms varying based on their size and location. CT scan has increased the number of preoperative diagnoses. Treatment options include surveillance, endoscopic intervention, or surgical resection. The appropriate surgical intervention remains a major challenge for surgeons due to the risk of malignancy. CONCLUSION: A giant colonic lipoma remains a very rare cause of colonic intussusception, especially in adults. CT scan plays a crucial role in diagnosis. Surgical resection remains the treatment of choice due to the risk of malignancy.

Chondroblastic osteosarcoma of the nasal cavity: an exceptional and misdiagnosed presentation.

Chondroblastic osteosarcoma of the nasal cavity is a rare and aggressive tumor that presents diagnostic challenges due to its variable clinical and radiological features. Histological analysis is crucial for an accurate diagnosis, despite morphological similarities with chondrosarcoma. We present a case of primary craniofacial chondroblastic osteosarcoma originating from the nasal cavity in a 17-year-old adolescent. The tumor was characterized by cartilaginous lobules and spindle cell proliferation with osteoid matrix deposition. Immunohistochemical analysis supported the diagnosis. This case highlights the rarity of this particular presentation and emphasizes the significance of accurate diagnosis through histopathological evaluation to achieve optimal management.

Cystic adrenal mass revealing a pheochromocytoma in the setting of multiple endocrine neoplasia: A case report.

Pheochromocytoma, a neuroendocrine tumor, represents a rare medical condition characterized by the excessive secretion of catecholamines. These tumors often exhibit distinctive features on imaging studies, notably appearing hypervascular. Furthermore, they may present as cystic masses with thin walls, a characteristic that becomes more evident following the administration of contrast medium. The cystic form of adrenal pheochromocytoma, as exemplified in our case, is particularly uncommon, thus underscoring the importance of recognizing its atypical presentation. Accurate diagnosis hinges on a thorough understanding of both the clinical manifestations and radiological findings suggestive of pheochromocytoma. However, definitive confirmation typically necessitates histological examination of the surgical specimen post-adrenalectomy. By shedding light on this rare variant, our case emphasizes the critical role of comprehensive diagnostic approaches in managing such complex medical conditions. Additionally, it underscores the significance of multidisciplinary collaboration among clinicians, radiologists, and pathologists to ensure timely and accurate diagnosis, ultimately guiding appropriate treatment strategies and optimizing patient outcomes.

Total small bowel volvulus on incomplete common mesentery, an exceptional complication in geriatric patients: A rare case report.

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: The incomplete common mesentery, resulting from a rotational anomaly, is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition. This congenital anomaly is characterized by persistent embryonic bowel arrangement and an extremely short mesentery root. Complications typically manifest during neonatal or pediatric stages, with limited occurrences in adulthood. Herein, a compelling case of an 83-year-old male with small bowel volvulus and incomplete common mesentery, underscoring the critical importance of recognizing and addressing rare but potentially life-threatening complications in the geriatric population. CASE PRESENTATION: An 83-year-old male, post-prostatectomy, presented with acute abdominal distress, indicating small bowel volvulus associated with incomplete common mesentery. Dehydration signs were evident on admission, and imaging confirmed the diagnosis. Urgent surgical intervention, including the Ladd procedure, successfully resolved the condition with a six-day recovery. CLINICAL DISCUSSION: Fetal digestive tract rotation anomalies lead to incomplete common mesentery, posing risks of volvulus. Complications, whether acute or chronic, require timely recognition. Diagnostic modalities, including the "whirlpool" sign on imaging, play a vital role. The Ladd procedure remains the standard treatment, addressing mesenteric anomalies and preventing recurrence. CONCLUSION: This case highlights the critical nature of small bowel volvulus with incomplete common mesentery, emphasizing the importance of recognizing and managing this rare condition promptly. Awareness, diagnostic accuracy, and timely surgical intervention are crucial for favorable outcomes, particularly in the geriatric population.

Sustainable phosphate mining: Enhancing efficiency in mining and pre-beneficiation processes.

Phosphate holds a critical role as a vital, limited, strategic, and irreplaceable resource. Throughout its production chain, residual phosphate can be found in waste streams. This study aims to enhance production efficiency by exploring methods to limit residual phosphate presence in waste stocks. It investigates the presence of residual phosphate in a phosphate mining site. The presence of residual phosphate throughout the production chain is investigated. Through meticulous analyses of extraction, destoning, and screening processes, the study identifies three primary stages where residual phosphate exists, the study simulates different scenarios of residual phosphate recovery and prevention. The principal data sources are data from mining site, recent literature, and information from a lithological log, the study meticulously analyzes the extraction, crushing, and sieving processes to assess the persistence of residual phosphate. The production chain diagnostic revealed that 76% of resource present is recovered (either integrated into the value chain or stored in the mine for future use), from which 8% goes to the destoning waste rocks (75% of which is residual phosphate) and the screening waste rocks (72% of which is residual phosphate), with an average grade that reaches 25% P2O5. Approximately, 24% of the initial phosphate rock (with an average grade of 22% P2O5) remains as residual phosphate which is retained in the spoil piles. To recover and prevent the presence of residual phosphate, the study proposes four new scenarios for improvement, including an integrated scenario where all the solutions are combined for a comprehensive approach. Both quantity and grade of recovered residual phosphate are assessed in each scenario. To evaluate these enhancements, the study utilizes the AnyLogic software to simulate existing process configuration and the maximal recovery of each scenario. The current flowsheet indicates that extracted phosphate can be directed either to pre-beneficiation and expedition or stored for future use. By prioritizing the extraction of phosphate over the final product, the simulation results suggest that implementing these novel scenarios could potentially save 25% of the total phosphate resource and increase storage by twofold, preserving phosphate that would otherwise be unused. This recovered phosphate can then be destined to various uses, meeting the company's present or future needs. Considering this, the study opts to keep stocks separated based on their grades and avoid mixing new phosphate streams with the final product. The implications of this research extend to sustainable mining practices, with direct ramifications for environmental impact mitigation and the conservation of valuable resources.

Exploring a rare case of juvenile psammomatoid ossifying fibroma in the ethmoid: a case study and review.

Juvenile ossifying fibroma (JOF) and its variants, including juvenile psammomatoid ossifying fibroma (JPOF), represent rare yet clinically significant benign fibro-osseous lesions that primarily occur in children and young adolescents. They can be found in diverse anatomical sites such as the jaw, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, and orbit. JOF exhibits an aggressive nature, necessitating early radiological detection and surgical intervention. Similarly, JPOF, with a locally malignant potential, requires surgical removal, typically conducted through endoscopic approaches. We report a case of a 5-year-old girl with JPOF arising in the ethmoid, revealed by recurrent epistaxis and proptosis. The text emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis through histopathology as a diagnostic tool and underscores the need for appropriate management.

Awareness about developmental coordination disorder.

The present paper is designed to promote awareness of DCD outside the academic world. With a prevalence of 5-6% it is one of the most common disorders of child development. It is therefore surprising that so little is known about it among professionals in child healthcare and education. Parents have expressed frustration about this lack of awareness, including the general public. The general aim of this paper was to describe those critical aspects of DCD that will promote awareness.

Retroperitoneal lymphatic malformations: A case report.

Retroperitoneal lymphatic malformation is a rare benign vascular malformation, of various locations, which can reveal itself at any age in its abdominal localizations. The retroperitoneal localization of this malformation is extremely rare. The clinical symptomatology is polymorphic depending on the lesion volume and the presence or absence of complications. The diagnosis is evoked by the liquid character of the retroperitoneal mass on ultrasound, CT scan and abdomino-pelvic MRI, brought during surgery and confirmed by the histological study of the surgical specimen. The treatment of choice is complete surgical removal of the mass.

Advancing phosphate ore minerals separation with sustainable flotation reagents: An investigation into highly selective biobased depressants.

Froth flotation has been a commonly employed technique to enrich natural ores by removing impurities based on the surface properties of minerals. This process involves the use of various reagents, including collectors, depressants, frothers, and activators, which are often chemically synthesized and may represent environmental risks. Therefore, there is a growing need to develop biobased reagents that offer more sustainable alternatives. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive assessment of the potential of biobased depressants as a sustainable alternative to traditional reagents in selective flotation process for phosphate ore minerals. To achieve this objective, the review investigates the extraction and the purification methods of different biobased depressants, analyzes the specific conditions for reagent interaction with minerals, and assess the biobased depressants' performance through a range of fundamental studies. These studies aim to (i) provide a better understanding of the adsorption behavior of some biobased depressants onto the surfaces of apatite, calcite, dolomite, and quartz comprised in different mineral systems by measuring their zeta potential and analyzing their Fourier transform infrared spectra before and after contact with these reagents, (ii) determine the depressants' adsorption amounts, (iii) evaluate their effect on the contact angle of bare minerals, and (iv) assess their ability to inhibit the flotation of the studied minerals. The outcomes revealed the potential use and the promising applicability of these unconventional reagents since their performance is comparable to that of conventional reagents. In addition to their good effectiveness, these biobased depressants have the added advantages of being cost effective, biodegradable, non-toxic, and ecofriendly. Nevertheless, further research and investigations are required to improve the selectivity and, consequently, the effectiveness of biobased depressants.

Evaluation of the distal radial approach in percutaneous coronary interventions. A controlled, randomized non-inferiority trial.

INTRODUCTION: The conventional radial approach (CRA), the gold standard approach for percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI), is associated with the risk of radial artery occlusion (RAO). The distal radial approach (DRA) is an effective alternative with fewer complications. AIM: To evaluate the efficacy in terms of puncture success and safety by RAO rate of the DRA in elective PCI in Tunisian patients. METHODS: It was a randomized controlled non-inferiority trial including patients hospitalized for elective PCI. The protocol was previously published (Tunis Med 2022; 100(3): 192-202). The primary endpoints were puncture success and RAO rate at 30 days. RESULTS: Overall, 250 patients were included and the groups were comparable. The preprocedural examination of the radial pulse and the Barbeau test were similar. The majority of PCIs were coronary angiography (82%). In ITT, respectively in CRA versus DRA, puncture success rates were similar (97.6% versus 96.8%; p≤0.500). RAO rates were similar (2.4% versus 3.2%; p≤0.500). Crossovers were similar. PCI through DRA lasted longer but was not more irradiating, however it required more contrast. Overall bleeding and vascular complications were similar. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated the non-inferiority of DRA compared to CRA for elective PCIs in a Tunisian population regarding puncture success and RAO rate at 30 days. Multicenter trials including urgent PCI with systematic ultrasound screening for RAO are needed.

Leaching and geochemical behavior of fired bricks containing coal wastes.

High amounts of mine wastes are continuously produced by the mining industry all over the world. Recycling possibility of some wastes in fired brick making has been investigated and showed promising results. However, little attention is given to the leaching behavior of mine wastes based fired bricks. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the geochemical behavior of fired bricks containing different types of coal wastes. The leachates were analyzed for their concentration of As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mo, Ni, Pb, Zn and sulfates using different leaching tests; namely Tank Leaching tests (NEN 7375), Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) and pH dependence test (EPA, 1313). The results showed that the release of constituents of potential interest was highly reduced after thermal treatment and were immobilized within the glassy matrix of the fired bricks. Moreover, it was also highlighted that the final pH of all fired samples changed and stabilized around 8-8.5 when the initial pH of leaching solution was in the range 2.5-11.5. The release of heavy metals and metalloids (As) tended to decrease with the increase of pH from acidic to alkaline solutions while Mo displayed a different trend.