Subject(s)
Colitis, Ulcerative/therapy , Leukapheresis , Adult , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/administration & dosage , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/adverse effects , Colitis, Ulcerative/immunology , Drug Resistance , Female , Humans , Infusions, Intravenous , Osteoporosis/chemically induced , Prednisolone/administration & dosage , Prednisolone/adverse effects , Recurrence , Remission InductionABSTRACT
All-night sleep polygraphs, except the first night, were recorded for 15 patients with idiopathic nocturnal enuresis and 10 normal controls. Relations between sleep and the mechanism by which nocturnal enuresis is caused, with special emphasis on the occurrence of rhythmic slow waves (RSW), was studied. The following results were obtained. (a) There was no significant difference between the two groups in the proportions of the electroencephalographic (EEG) sleep stages, under the same conditions. (b) Nocturnal enuresis occurred with almost the same frequency in all sleep stages except stage 1 sleep and was higher in the second and third cycles. (c) Immediately before a nocturnal enuretic event, 6-7 Hz RSW continued for as long as 15-40 s in NREM sleep, or 3-5 Hz RSW was observed in REM sleep. (d) RSW was observed in enuretics and controls, and decreased with increase in age. However, RSW occurred more often, and age-related decrease was delayed in enuretic children. (e) RSW was induced by stimuli such as changes in sleep stages or body movement. During RSW, the variance of heart rate and respiration tended to be low. These results and the similarity between RSW and diffuse rhythmic theta suggest that RSW may be an expression of the process of maintaining a given sleep stage in children. These results may also be caused by the immaturity of the sleep mechanism in enuretic children. The long-lasting RSW on the sleep EEG was considered to be a sign of the onset of nocturnal enuresis.
Subject(s)
Electroencephalography , Enuresis/physiopathology , Sleep/physiology , Child , Female , Heart Rate , Humans , Male , Movement , Respiration , Sleep Stages/physiology , Sleep, REM/physiologySubject(s)
Asthma/nursing , Acute Disease , Asthma/physiopathology , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Patient Education as Topic , Patient ReadmissionABSTRACT
Whole-night sleep polygraph by removing the first-night effect was recorded for 15 cases of idiopathic nocturnal enuresis and 10 cases of normal control, thereby, review was made on the relation between sleep and etiology of nocturnal enuresis as well as the appearing characteristics of rhythmic slow wave. (hereinafter referred to R.S.W.). Thus the following results were obtained. Both groups of nocturnal enuresis and normal control showed no significant difference under the same experimental conditions for the rate of encephalogramic sleep stage. Nocturnal enuresis was observed in nearly the same number of cases at any stage of sleep except Stage 1 (hereinafter referred to as S), and there were many cases in the second and third sleep cycles. At the time of occurrence of nocturnal enuresis, 6-7 Hz R.S.W. continued as long as 15-40 seconds in NREM-sleep. Also, 3-5 Hz R.S.W. was observed in REM sleep. R.S.W. was observed even in normal cases, while its incidence was high in the cases of nocturnal enuresis, and the decrease was observed with advancement of age, however, the decrease was delayed in the cases of nocturnal enuresis. R.S.W. was provoked reactively against the stimuli such as the change in the electro-encephalogramic sleep stage and body movements. On the other hand, there was an inhibitory tendency of the changes in heart rate and respiration during the appearance of R.S.W. By the above result and the resemblance between R.S.W. and DR theta, R.S.W.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
