ABSTRACT
O gênero Croton possui seiscentas espécies e é originário de regiões tropicais. Croton gnaphelil é conhecida no sul do Brasil como infalivina, sendo utilizada popularmente nos distúrbios hepáticos. A substância majoritária presente nas partes aéreas desta planta foi isolada e identificada através de métodos espectroscópicos, sendo identificada como um glicosídeo acilado, o canferol‑3‑O‑(6"‑O‑p‑cumaroil)‑β‑D‑glicopyranose, também chamado de tilirosídeo.
Croton genus comprises six hundred species being native in tropical forests. Croton gnaphalliis popularly known as "infalivina" in South of Brazil and it is traditionally used for hepatic disorders. The major compound from aerial parts of this plant was isolated and its structure elucidated through spectroscopic analysis. It was identified as an acylglycoside, kaempferol‑3‑O‑(6"‑O‑p‑coumaroyl)‑ β ‑D‑glucopyranoside, known as tiliroside.
ABSTRACT
As part of an experimental study, crystal-associated cholangiopathy was induced in 9 sheep by grazing pure pastures of Brachiaria decumbens in Brazil. One of these sheep showed characteristic lesions of photosensitization. The analysis of the B decumbens samples by acidic hydrolysis followed by TLC and infrared spectrum revealed diosgenin as the principal sapogenin present in the plant. In the rumen contents samples from the B decumbens-grazing group were identified by TLC, 1H and 13C NMR and EIMS as epismilagenin, episarsasapogenin, and a mixture of smilagenin and sarsasapogenin. In the bile samples from the B decumbens-grazing group, TLC analysis demonstrated 2 compounds similar to epismilagenin and episarsasapogenin. However, by this same method, those compounds were not observed in the rumen contents and bile from 2 sheep which served as control animals. The P chartarum spore counts remained very low during the experimental period.
Subject(s)
Cholangitis/veterinary , Liver Diseases/veterinary , Photosensitivity Disorders/veterinary , Poaceae/chemistry , Sapogenins/isolation & purification , Sheep Diseases/etiology , Animals , Ascomycota/growth & development , Bile/chemistry , Brazil , Cholangitis/chemically induced , Cholangitis/etiology , Chromatography, Thin Layer/veterinary , Colony Count, Microbial/veterinary , Diosgenin/chemistry , Diosgenin/isolation & purification , Diosgenin/toxicity , Histocytochemistry , Liver/pathology , Liver Diseases/etiology , Liver Diseases/pathology , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Mass Spectrometry/veterinary , Photosensitivity Disorders/chemically induced , Photosensitivity Disorders/etiology , Poaceae/microbiology , Poaceae/toxicity , Rumen/chemistry , Sapogenins/chemistry , Sapogenins/toxicity , Sheep , Sheep Diseases/microbiology , Sheep Diseases/pathology , Spectrophotometry, Infrared/veterinary , Spirostans/chemistry , Spirostans/isolation & purification , Spirostans/toxicity , Spores, Fungal/growth & developmentABSTRACT
Two saponins and a sapogenin were isolated from the leaves of Ilex brevicuspis. Their structures were established by means of spectroscopic methods as brevicuspisaponin 1 (3-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-20(S)-19 alpha,24-dihydroxyursolic acid), brevicuspisaponin 2 (3-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-20(S)-19 alpha,23,24-trihydroxyursolic acid) and 23-methylester of 20(S)-3 beta,19 alpha,24-trihydroxyurs-12-en-23,28-dioic acid.
Subject(s)
Glycosides/isolation & purification , Trees/chemistry , Triterpenes/isolation & purification , Glycosides/chemistry , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Plant Leaves/chemistry , Spectrometry, Mass, Fast Atom Bombardment , Triterpenes/chemistryABSTRACT
The structure of matesaponin 5, a novel saponin isolated from the leaves of the Ilex paraguariensis, was established as ursolic acid-3-0-{beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->3)-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1->2)]-alpha-L- arabino pyranosyl}-(28->1)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 ->6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl] ester.
Subject(s)
Plants, Medicinal , Saponins/chemistry , Triterpenes , Carbohydrate Conformation , Carbohydrate Sequence , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Molecular Sequence Data , Molecular Structure , Plant Extracts , Plant Leaves , Saponins/isolation & purification , South America , Spectrometry, Mass, Fast Atom BombardmentABSTRACT
The leaves of Ilex paraguariensis have yielded three new saponins named matesaponins 2, 3, and 4 [1-3], which have been characterized by chemical and nmr methods as ursolic acid 3-O-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->3)-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl- (1-->2)]]-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl]-(28-->1)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester, ursolic acid 3-O-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->3)-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl]-(28-- >1)- [beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]ester, and ursolic acid 3-O-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->3)-[alpha-L- rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)]]-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl]-(28-->1)-[beta -D- glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]ester, respectively.
