ABSTRACT
Although rubella is epidemic in Indonesia, the phylogenetic profile of circulating rubella virus strains has not been clarified. In 2017, rubella virus was detected in 2 travelers who returned from Indonesia to Japan. These strains were classified into genotype 1E lineage 2, which may be an indigenous strain in Indonesia.
Subject(s)
Rubella virus/isolation & purification , Rubella/diagnosis , Travel , Adult , Diagnosis, Differential , Genotype , Humans , Indonesia , Japan , Male , Phylogeny , Rubella/prevention & control , Rubella/virology , Rubella virus/classification , Rubella virus/geneticsABSTRACT
The synthesis and structural analysis of the hetero-bimetallic M-Al complexes MMe[(O-2,4-(t)Bu2C6H2-6-CH2)2(µ2-O-2,4-(t)Bu2C6H2-6-CH2)N][Me2Al(µ2-O(i)Pr)] [M = Zr, Hf], prepared from M(O(i)Pr)[{(O-2,4-(t)Bu2C6H2)-6-CH2}3N] by treating with 1.0 equiv. of AlMe3, have been explored: these complexes exhibited catalytic activities for ethylene polymerisation in n-octane in the presence of methylaluminoxane (MAO). The Zr-Al analogue showed high catalytic activities affording polymers with unimodal molecular weight distributions.
ABSTRACT
We have developed a new DNA chip whose substrate has a unique minute columnar array structure made of plastic. The DNA chip exhibits ultrahigh sensitivity, up to 100-fold higher than that of reference DNA chips, which makes it possible to monitor gene expression profiles even with very small amounts of RNA (0.1-0.01 microg of total RNA) without amplification. Differential expression ratios obtained with the new DNA chip were validated against those obtained with quantitative real-time PCR assays. This novel microarray technology would be a powerful tool for monitoring gene expression profiles, especially for clinical diagnosis.
Subject(s)
Gene Expression Profiling/methods , Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques/methods , Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis/methods , RNA/metabolism , Gene Expression Profiling/instrumentation , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Nucleic Acid Hybridization/methods , Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis/instrumentation , Plasminogen Activators/genetics , RNA/genetics , RNA, Messenger/genetics , RNA, Messenger/metabolism , Reproducibility of Results , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Statistics, NonparametricABSTRACT
The respiratory activity of collagen-embedded living cells was imaged by scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) with the objective to study anticancer drug sensitivity. Two kinds of cancer cells, the human erythroleukemia cell line (K562) and its adriamycin-resistant subline (K562/ADM), were immobilized at the array of microholes micromachined on a silicon wafer for comparative characterization of their sensitivity to the anticancer drug, ADM. The results obtained by the SECM method showed correspondence to a conventional colorimetric assay (SDI assay). Furthermore, since the SECM assay is based on the noninvasive measurement of the respiration activity, continuous monitoring of a dose response was possible.
