Effect of nutritional intervention in child health care on improving growth and development and disease prevention of infants.

Objective: To explore the outcome of nutritional intervention in child health care on infant growth and disease prevention. Methods: It was a retrospective study. Ninty-two infants who received child health intervention in The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University from September 2020 to June 2022 were selected as the research objects. According to the random number table method, they were divided into control group (46 cases, routine health intervention) and observation group (46 cases, nutritional intervention based on the control group) using the sealed envelope system. The growth and development, nutritional diseases and guardian satisfaction of the two groups were compared. Results: The scores of the observation group were higher than those of the control group in gross motor, fine motor, language and individual-social aspects. The total incidence of nutritional diseases in the observation group (2.17%) was lower than that in the control group (17.39%); In terms of total satisfaction rate, the observation group (100.00%) was higher than the control group (86.96%), with a statistical difference (P<0.05). Conclusion: Applying nutrition intervention to child health care plays an important role in maintaining the healthy growth and development of infants and reducing the incidence of nutritional diseases such as anemia and rickets. It needs to be promoted in clinical practice.

Pathogenesis and brain functional imaging in nocturnal enuresis: A review.

Nocturnal enuresis is a common and distressing developmental disease, which may cause various degrees of psychosocial stress and impairment to self-esteem in affected children as well as agitation to their parents or caregivers. Nevertheless, the etiology and pathogenesis of nocturnal enuresis are not understood. Currently, nocturnal enuresis is generally considered a multifactorial disease associated with a complex interaction of somatic, psychosocial, and environmental factors. A variety of postulations have been proposed to explain the occurrence and progression of nocturnal enuresis, including hereditary aberration, abnormal circadian rhythm of antidiuretic hormone secretion during sleep, bladder dysfunction, abnormal sleep, difficulties in arousal, neuropsychological disorders, and maturational delays of the brain. In recent decades, the introduction of functional neuroimaging technologies has provided new approaches for uncovering the mechanisms underlying nocturnal enuresis. The main neuroimaging modalities have included brain morphometry based on structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), task-based and event-related functional MRI (fMRI), and resting-state fMRI. The relevant studies have indicated that nocturnal enuresis is associated with functional and structural alterations of the brain. In this review, we briefly summarized the popular hypotheses regarding the pathogenesis of nocturnal enuresis and the current progress of functional neuroimaging studies in examining the underlying mechanisms thereof.

[Role of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in protecting kidney from injury induced by asphyxia in neonatal rats].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the role of recombinant human interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (rhIL-1ra) in protecting kidney from injury induced by asphyxia in neonatal rats. METHODS: Neonatal rats were used as experimental animals. The changes in intrarenal inflammatory response and renal injury were examined in the control group (n=13), and 2, 24 and 48 hours after asphyxia followed by normal saline treatment in those treated with rhIL-1ra. RESULTS: In normal saline group, the white blood cell count, the blood interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-8, IL-6, nitric oxide (NO), endothelin (ET-1) levels, and the renal coefficient (LRC), the scores of injured tubules of the left kidney were significantly increased at 2 hours (n=10), 24 hours (n=11), and 48 hours (n=10, P<0.05 or P<0.01). Compared with the normal saline group, the levels of the above parameters, except IL-6, were significantly decreased in rhIL-1ra treatment group at the same time points (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Serum IL-6 at 24 hours and 48 hours was also decreased in rhIL-1ra treatment group significantly (P<0.05 or P<0.01). CONCLUSION: The results suggest that rhIL-1ra may protect renal injury after asphyxia via inhibiting intrarenal inflammatory response.

[Change in the level of inflammatory cytokines and their relationship to the indicator in evaluating renal tubules injury of urinary in neonates with asphyxia].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between amount of inflammatory cytokines in urine and neonatal postasphyxia renal tubules injury. METHODS: The level of inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL-8, IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and the indicators of evaluating renal tubules injury [N-acetyl-glucosaminidase(NAG), gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (gamma-GT), beta(2)-microglobulin (beta(2)-MG)] in urine were detected in neonates with asphyxia. RESULTS: Compared with control, the levels of IL-8, IL-6, TNF-alpha and NAG, gamma-GT, beta2-MG were obviously increased in mild asphyxia group. In severe asphyxia group, the parameters above were all significantly increased compared with mild asphyxia group and the control group. Within the asphyxia group, there were positive relationship between inflammatory cytokines and the indicator of evaluating renal tubules injury. CONCLUSION: The asphyxia may induce systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), which result in postasphyxia renal injury in neonates. The level of inflammatory cytokines in urine may be used as the indicators of evaluating the severity of asphyxia and postasphyxia renal injury in neonates.