ABSTRACT
Salivary duct carcinoma is a malignant salivary neoplasm with a poor prognosis. Effective treatment for remote metastases has not been recognized. We report herein on a case of this tumor overexpressing HER2 successfully treated with trastuzumab-based molecular targeted therapy. The patient was a 69-year-old man, who developed remote metastases into the liver and the thoracic vertebra six months after surgery and postoperative irradiation for the primary and nodal lesions. After targeted therapy including paclitaxel and trastuzumab, these metastatic lesions showed rapid and continued regression. After paclitaxel was discontinued due to peripheral neuropathy in the extremities, trastuzumab monotherapy followed without resulting in cardiotoxicity. After three years since development of remote metastases, the patient is doing well without re-progression of the disease.
Subject(s)
Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/administration & dosage , Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage , Carcinoma, Ductal/drug therapy , Salivary Ducts , Salivary Gland Neoplasms/drug therapy , Aged , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/administration & dosage , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Carcinoma, Ductal/pathology , Humans , Male , Neoplasm Metastasis , Paclitaxel/administration & dosage , Salivary Gland Neoplasms/pathology , TrastuzumabABSTRACT
We retrospectively reviewed 44 cases of major salivary gland lesions surgically resected following preoperative fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). Our objective was to determine the validity of the salivary gland FNAC reporting proposed in 2004 by the Japanese Society of Clinical Cytology. Of the 44 lesions, 33 were in the parotid gland and 11 in the submandibular gland. Of these, 8 lesions were malignant. Two from benign lesions could not be satisfactorily evaluated, and 4 from benign lesions and 1 from a malignant lesion were indeterminate. Results were 3 true positive, 30 true negative, and 4 false negative, with no false positive results. Calculated sensitivity was 42.9% (4/7), specificity 100% (30/ 30), and accuracy 89.2% (34/37). We concluded that using the new reporting decreases ambiguity in clinicians' interpretation of cytology reports, thus benefitting subjects.
Subject(s)
Biopsy, Fine-Needle/methods , Salivary Glands/cytology , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Retrospective Studies , Sensitivity and SpecificityABSTRACT
In the auditory system, efforts to reduce degeneration of spiral ganglion neurons have the immediate objective of improving clinical benefits of cochlear implants, which are small devices designed to stimulate spiral ganglion neurons electronically. Recent studies have indicated several neurotrophins can enhance survival of spiral ganglion neurons. However, the strategy for application of neurotrophins in inner ear is still a matter of debate. In this study, we examined the potential of cell therapy as a strategy for application of neurotrophins in the inner ear. Neural stem cells obtained from green fluorescent protein-transgenic mice were used as donor cells. Medium containing neural stem cells was injected into mouse inner ear. Histological analysis 4 weeks later revealed that transplant-derived cells survived in inner ear and that most transplant-derived cells in the cochlea had differentiated into glial cells. Moreover, expression of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor was observed in transplant-derived cells. These findings indicate that transplantation of neural stem cells can be a useful strategy for application of neurotrophins in inner ear.
Subject(s)
Brain Tissue Transplantation , Cochlea/cytology , Fetal Tissue Transplantation , Stem Cell Transplantation , Transplantation, Heterotopic , Animals , Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/analysis , Cell Differentiation , Cell Lineage , Cochlea/chemistry , Female , Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor , Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein/analysis , Graft Survival , Green Fluorescent Proteins , Luminescent Proteins/analysis , Luminescent Proteins/genetics , Mice , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Mice, Transgenic , Microtubule-Associated Proteins/analysis , Nerve Growth Factors/analysis , Nerve Tissue Proteins/analysis , Neuroglia/chemistry , Neuroglia/cytology , Neurons/chemistry , Neurons/cytology , Semicircular Canals , Telencephalon/cytology , Telencephalon/embryologyABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to examine roles of p27, a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, in cochleae of adult mice. Expression of p27 was found in cochlear supporting cells and spiral ganglion neurons of normal mice. Cisplatin treatment caused progressive degeneration of cochlear supporting cells and spiral ganglion neurons, and numbers of p27-positive cells in these cells decreased. This indicates a close relationship between p27 and cell death in cochleae. However, the relationships between decrease in number of p27-positive cells and that of survival cells differed according to type of cell. For Deiters' cells, there was apparent decrease in number of p27-positive cells, although no decrease in cell numbers. The present findings indicate that p27 plays roles in degeneration of cochleae according to cell type.
