Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use , Mouth Neoplasms/drug therapy , Organoplatinum Compounds/therapeutic use , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage , Drug Delivery Systems , Female , Humans , Infusions, Intra-Arterial , Male , Middle Aged , Organoplatinum Compounds/administration & dosageABSTRACT
Since pharmacokinetics in patients undergoing hemodialysis differs from that in patients with normal renal function, the administration of chemotherapeutic drugs to a patient with renal failure should be sufficiently considered beforehand to avoid adverse effects. A case of carcinoma of the oral floor in a 69 year-old male receiving ongoing hemodialysis due to chronic renal failure is reported. Chemotherapy was given using nedaplatin and 5-FU; surgery was performed as well. To investigate the pharmacokinetics and determine the optimal dose of nedaplatin during ongoing hemodialysis, the concentrations of free-platinum and total-platinum in serum from the patient were measured periodically. The patient received approximately one half of the dose of nedaplatin for a patient with normal renal function. Hemodialysis was performed 3 hours after the start of the administration of nedaplatin and continued for 4 hours. As a result, the maximum concentration of nedaplatin (Cmax) was about one half of the normal range. However, the value of the area under the blood concentration time curve (AUC), which is considered a target index of administration, was close to the value in patients with normal renal function. No severe side effects were observed after chemotherapy. A Grade IV pathological effect on Ohboshi-Shimosato's classification was obtained from the specimen after radical resection.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/drug therapy , Mouth Neoplasms/drug therapy , Renal Dialysis , Aged , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/pharmacokinetics , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/metabolism , Drug Administration Schedule , Fluorouracil/administration & dosage , Fluorouracil/pharmacokinetics , Humans , Kidney Failure, Chronic/complications , Kidney Failure, Chronic/therapy , Male , Mouth Neoplasms/metabolism , Organoplatinum Compounds/administration & dosage , Organoplatinum Compounds/pharmacokineticsABSTRACT
A highly sensitive apparatus and method for measuring respiratory changes in conscious mice and rats is described. The apparatus is constructed from readily available components and consists of three sections: 1) mouse housing capsule and respiratory-sensitive part; 2) air supplying part; and 3) data recording part. Changes in the respiration of an encapsuled mouse can be accurately detected by means of changes in pressure exerted on the respiratory-sensitive part attached to the capsule. In our study, the rapid increases and decreases in the respiratory rates of these animals after the i.v. administration of respiratory depressing agents (morphine and arachidonate) and a respiratory stimulant (dimorpholamine) were recorded with exceptional accuracy by this procedure.
