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1.
Food Chem ; 373(Pt B): 131459, 2022 Mar 30.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34731811

ABSTRACT

Sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis) (SI) is an oleaginous plant producing oil and protein-rich seeds. It has been cultivated for centuries and is native to the tropical rainforest of the Amazon region of South America including parts of Peru and northwestern Brazil. At present, SI seeds are emerging as a potential source of macro- and micronutrients, α-linolenic acid and phytochemicals. This review attempts to elucidate the nutrients, phytonutrients, safety, toxicity, health benefits and food applications of SI seed. Recent scientific studies have associated the consumption of SI seed/oil with reduced risk of chronic inflammatory diseases. However, lack of awareness and in-depth understanding has resulted in it being neglected both at the consumer and industrial level. In all, SI is an underutilized and undervalued oleaginous crop which not only has the potential to mitigate food and nutritional insecurity but also offers humongous opportunities for the development of novel value-added food products.


Subject(s)
Euphorbiaceae , Fatty Acids, Omega-3 , Brazil , Nutrients , Phytochemicals , Plant Oils , Seeds
2.
Curr Hypertens Rev ; 16(2): 108-114, 2020.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31589127

ABSTRACT

Non-communicable diseases are the major inducer of mortality and morbidity in the Western world. In terms of nutrition, a diet high in fat (particularly saturated fat), salt and sugars have shown to be associated with innumerable incidence of diet- associated health diseases. Dietary modification is a central part of any treatment strategy. The Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet is one among such healthy dietary patterns, which emphasizes on the consumption of fruits, vegetables and low-fat dairy foods, including whole grains, poultry, fish, and small quantities of red meat, sweets and drinks containing sugar. This study provides certain practical evidence that prolonged adoption of DASH diet which can be a useful treatment for numerous non-communicable diseases with a sustained effect on the health that involves both accessibility and proximity to healthy eating choices. Long-term studies are required to assess whether these effects are maintained over time.


Subject(s)
Diet, Healthy , Dietary Approaches To Stop Hypertension , Feeding Behavior , Noncommunicable Diseases/therapy , Humans , Noncommunicable Diseases/epidemiology , Nutritive Value , Protective Factors , Risk Assessment , Risk Factors , Risk Reduction Behavior , Treatment Outcome
3.
J Sci Food Agric ; 99(2): 517-528, 2019 Jan 30.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29926917

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Despite rich source of protein and oil, wild (bitter) apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) kernel is rarely exploited by food industries due to high amount of antinutrients and potentially toxic amygdalin. This study was aimed to assess the effect of detoxification on the biological quality of the wild apricot kernel (WAK)-supplemented diet in male Wistar albino rats. RESULTS: In order to detoxify, WAK flour was soaked in 25% sodium chloride solution for 24 h followed by washing and drying. Results revealed that detoxification significantly (P < 0.05) improved the nutritional quality by reducing the content of antinutrients (tannins, flavonoids, trypsin inhibitor, saponins, oxalates, phytates and hydrocyanic acid) from raw WAK. When compared with the raw kernel group, the detoxified WAK group exhibited significantly (P < 0.05) higher values for growth performance parameters - namely feed consumed (169.14 ± 3.40 versus 152.14 ± 1.59 g), protein consumed (16.91 ± 0.63 versus 15.21 ± 0.68 g), weight gain (64.77 ± 2.59 versus 48.74 ± 0.62 g), protein efficiency ratio (3.83 ± 0.33 versus 3.20 ± 0.36), feed efficiency ratio (0.38 ± 0.017 vs 0.32 ± 0.02), biological value (73.62 ± 4.53 versus 65.26 ± 4.60%), apparent protein digestibility (78.55 ± 1.37 versus 70.35 ± 2.66%), true protein digestibility and net protein utilization, suggesting a prominent effect of detoxification in order to improve the biological quality of the WAK. CONCLUSION: Detoxification improved the biological quality of the WAK-supplemented diet. Hence, detoxified kernel flour could be utilized as an economic and quality source of protein and oil for the supplementation of value-added food products. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.


Subject(s)
Prunus armeniaca/chemistry , Seeds/chemistry , Animal Feed/analysis , Animals , Flour/analysis , Food Handling , Male , Nutritive Value , Plant Proteins/analysis , Plant Proteins/metabolism , Prunus armeniaca/metabolism , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Seeds/metabolism , Tannins/analysis , Tannins/metabolism
4.
Food Funct ; 9(4): 1967-1977, 2018 Apr 25.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29616242

ABSTRACT

Cancer is the abnormal growth of cells that tend to proliferate in an uncontrolled way. About 32.6 million people in the world are affected by different types of cancer; 456 000 have esophageal cancer, which is the eighth most common cancer and the sixth most common cause of cancer-related deaths with a toll of 400 000 in 2012. About 80% of cases were reported from the less developed regions of the world. An incidence ratio of 2.4 : 1 for men and women reveals the gender disparity. Esophageal cancer is mainly of two types, namely, squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. Most of the studies show a positive correlation of esophageal cancer with alcohol and tobacco consumption, but a negative correlation with fruit and vegetable intake. The type and amount of cereal, fat, meat and beverages consumed are also under study. Significant statistical synergistic interaction has been registered in studies considering the joint effect of the amount of beverage swallowed and its temperature, especially among heavy consumers. The role of non-nutritional components is gaining increasing attention because of their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-mutagenic and anti-carcinogenic properties. Socioeconomic status is another factor that cannot be ignored. Nevertheless, the predominant cause appears to be different in different regions, and in spite of the great advancements in the medical field, this still remains an enigma for researchers.


Subject(s)
Diet, Healthy , Diet/adverse effects , Esophageal Neoplasms/prevention & control , Global Health , Adenocarcinoma/epidemiology , Adenocarcinoma/etiology , Adenocarcinoma/prevention & control , Alcohol Drinking/adverse effects , Alcohol Drinking/prevention & control , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/epidemiology , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/etiology , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/prevention & control , Developing Countries , Esophageal Neoplasms/epidemiology , Esophageal Neoplasms/etiology , Female , Food Contamination/prevention & control , Fruit , Functional Food , Gastroesophageal Reflux/etiology , Gastroesophageal Reflux/physiopathology , Head and Neck Neoplasms/epidemiology , Head and Neck Neoplasms/etiology , Head and Neck Neoplasms/prevention & control , Humans , Male , Meat/adverse effects , Obesity/etiology , Obesity/physiopathology , Risk Factors , Sex Factors , Socioeconomic Factors , Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck , Tobacco Use/adverse effects , Tobacco Use/prevention & control , Vegetables
5.
Food Funct ; 9(4): 2121-2135, 2018 Apr 25.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29644368

ABSTRACT

The present investigation was aimed to study the effect of detoxification on the nutrients and antinutrients of wild apricot kernel followed by its hypocholesterolemic effect in male Wistar albino rats. The results revealed a non-significant (p > 0.05) effect of detoxification on the proximate composition except total carbohydrates and protein content. However, detoxification led to a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in l-ascorbic acid (76.82%), ß-carotene (25.90%), dietary fiber constituents (10.51-28.92%), minerals (4.76-31.08%) and antinutritional factors (23.92-77.05%) (phenolics, tannins, trypsin inhibitor activity, saponins, phytic acid, alkaloids, flavonoids, oxalates) along with the complete removal (100%) of bitter and potentially toxic hydrocyanic acid (HCN). The quality parameters of kernel oil indicated no adverse effects of detoxification on free fatty acids, lipase activity, acid value and peroxide value, which remained well below the maximum permissible limit. Blood lipid profile demonstrated that the detoxified apricot kernel group exhibited significantly (p < 0.05) increased levels of HDL-cholesterol (48.79%) and triglycerides (15.09%), and decreased levels of total blood cholesterol (6.99%), LDL-C (22.95%) and VLDL-C (7.90%) compared to that of the raw (untreated) kernel group. Overall, it can be concluded that wild apricot kernel flour could be detoxified efficiently by employing a simple, safe, domestic and cost-effective method, which further has the potential for formulating protein supplements and value-added food products.


Subject(s)
Anticholesteremic Agents/analysis , Antimetabolites/analysis , Food Contamination/prevention & control , Food Handling , Foods, Specialized/analysis , Prunus armeniaca/chemistry , Seeds/chemistry , Animals , Anticholesteremic Agents/adverse effects , Anticholesteremic Agents/economics , Anticholesteremic Agents/therapeutic use , Antimetabolites/adverse effects , Food Contamination/economics , Food Ingredients/adverse effects , Food Ingredients/analysis , Food Ingredients/economics , Food-Processing Industry/economics , Foods, Specialized/adverse effects , Foods, Specialized/economics , Humans , Hydrogen Cyanide/adverse effects , Hydrogen Cyanide/analysis , Hypercholesterolemia/blood , Hypercholesterolemia/prevention & control , Industrial Waste/adverse effects , Industrial Waste/analysis , Industrial Waste/economics , Male , Nutritive Value , Particle Size , Prunus armeniaca/adverse effects , Prunus armeniaca/growth & development , Random Allocation , Rats, Wistar , Reproducibility of Results , Seeds/adverse effects , Seeds/growth & development , Wilderness , beta Carotene/analysis , beta Carotene/therapeutic use
6.
Food Chem ; 245: 168-177, 2018 Apr 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29287358

ABSTRACT

Now-a-days, there is an increased interest in fruits and vegetables processing by-products due to potential source of phytochemicals and pigments. Beetroot (Beta vulgaris) pomace extract is a rich source of betalain, phenolics and other bioactive components, which possess significant antioxidant activities. In the present study, process optimization was performed for developing ginger (Zingiber officinale) candy enriched with beetroot pomace extract using response surface methodology (RSM). The effect of two process variables: blanching time (0-10 min) and beetroot pomace extract (0-10%) was evaluated on physicochemical characteristics and phytochemicals content of the developed product. Maximum phytochemicals' activities were obtained under optimum conditions of 7.81 min blanching time and 9.24% beetroot pomace extract. FTIR analysis also confirmed the significant effect of beetroot pomace extract and it's blanching on the phytochemical potential of ginger candy. The study would be useful for developing similar novel and antioxidants rich food products supplemented with beetroot pomace extract.


Subject(s)
Antioxidants/chemistry , Beta vulgaris/chemistry , Candy , Food Handling/methods , Zingiber officinale/chemistry , Adult , Betalains/analysis , Female , Food Quality , Humans , Male , Phytochemicals/analysis , Phytochemicals/chemistry , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared , Time Factors , Waste Products
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