ABSTRACT
Postpartum acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the serious complications of pregnancy and is associated with high mortality and morbidity. We conducted this study to determine the characteristics and outcome of the most severe form of postpartum AKI requiring dialysis. This prospective, observational study was conducted in Sawai Man Singh Medical College, Jaipur. All postpartum female suffering from AKI requiring dialysis between July 2014 and December 2016 were included in the study. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data of the patients were recorded. Outcome variables included survival at hospital discharge and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at three months of follow-up. Sixty (88.2%) out of 68 women admitted with postpartum AKI required dialysis. The mean age was 26.5 ± 4.3 years and the majority (80%) had institutional delivery. The mean sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score was 8.0 ± 2.9. Puerperal sepsis (n = 37, 61.6%), preeclampsia (n = 21, 35%), and antepartum hemorrhage (n = 14, 23.3%) were the most common obstetric complication associated with postpartum AKI. Maternal mortality was 28.3%. Higher SOFA score (P = 0.015, odds ratio [OR]: 1.99, confidence interval [CI]: 1.14-3.45) and diagnosis of sepsis (P = 0.048, OR: 26.3, CI: 1.03-678.3) were the independent predictors of mortality. Out of 37 patients who were followed up at three months, 51.3% had eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Duration of anuria (in days) was the only independent predictor of (eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 at three months of follow-up (P = 0.029, OR: 1.2, CI: 1.02-1.46). Postpartum AKI requiring dialysis was associated with high mortality. More than half of the survivors had eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 on follow-up highlighting the need of appropriate follow-up.
Subject(s)
Acute Kidney Injury , Renal Dialysis , Acute Kidney Injury/epidemiology , Acute Kidney Injury/pathology , Acute Kidney Injury/therapy , Female , Humans , India , Kidney/pathology , Postpartum Period , Pregnancy , Prospective Studies , Puerperal Disorders/epidemiology , Puerperal Disorders/therapy , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) has a significant mortality rate. In developing countries, mortality due to AKI is high due to lack of access to dialysis facilities and related cost. The main goal of International Society of Nephrology (ISN) 0 by 25 initiative is to eliminate deaths due to AKI. Peritoneal dialysis is an underutilized modality in such a scenario. The aim of this study was to look into effectiveness of starting Acute stylet Peritoneal Dialysis (PD) in a resource constraint settings. METHODS: In this prospective study conducted over a year, patients with AKI due to various aetiologies were subjected to Acute stylet PD. The clinical Outcome, demographic, biochemical and treatment data was assessed. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze the data. RESULTS: A total of 79 (41 anuric, 33 oliguric and 5 nonoliguric) patients were included in the study. Sepsis was the predominant cause of AKI. Recovery was seen in 34% of patients. Patients with relatively preserved urine output recovered with PD in comparison to the anuric patients (p value <0.01). 58% of patients, majority of whom were anuric needed Hemodialysis (HD) in due course (7 ± 3 days) of time. The mortality in our study was 7.5%. CONCLUSIONS: Acute stylet PD can be considered as a modality of Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT) to treat a selected (oliguric, nonoliguric) group of AKI patients and as a bridge therapy for HD in those AKI patients in anuria.
Subject(s)
Acute Kidney Injury/therapy , Peritoneal Dialysis , Acute Kidney Injury/etiology , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Anuria/etiology , Anuria/therapy , Child , Humans , Middle Aged , Oliguria/etiology , Oliguria/therapy , Prospective Studies , Renal Dialysis/statistics & numerical data , Sepsis/complications , Young AdultABSTRACT
Hepatitis B and C are known to affect kidneys in a number of ways. Glomerular diseases associated with hepatitis B and C include membranous nephropathy (MN), membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN), focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, immunoglobulin A nephropathy, rarely amyloidosis, and fibrillary and immunotactoid glomerulopathy. In a retrospective analysis of kidney biopsy of 534 patients, we found 16 (2.9%) patients of hepatitis B and 11 (2.05%) patients of hepatitis C with glomerular disease. The most common form of glomerulonephritis in hepatitis B patient was MN and in hepatitis C patient was MPGN.
