[Analysis of articles on dental pulp biology research in China published in international journals from 2011 to 2020].

Objective: To analyze the articles on research of dental pulp biology in China and to understand the situation of China in the entire field of dental pulp biology around the world in order to provide references for further in-depth research in dental pulp biology in China. Methods: Based on Web of Science core collection database, the articles published in the international journals in the field of dental pulp biology from 2011 to 2020 were retrieved and identified. Six indicators including research scale, academic influence, high-ranking and the high-influence journals, research areas, international partnership and project funding were statistically analyzed. Results: Totally 1 215 articles were published by Chinese researchers, which is the most in the research field of dental pulp biology. The total number of citations was 18 328, however the average number of citations of above mentioned articles was slightly lower than that of the world average. The number of articles published in Natural Index Journals and Journal of Dental Research is lower than that of the United States. The research areas of dental pulp biology in China were not only in dentistry, oral surgery and medicine, but also in cell biology, experimental medicine, materials science, engineering, molecular biology and applied microbiology. Articles of internationally cooperated researches were scarce. Most of the researches of dental pulp biology field conducted in China were supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China. Conclusions: Although there were fruitful research outcomes in the field of dental pulp biology from 2011 to 2020, the academic influence of these researches still needed to be improved. It was recommended that great efforts should be made in developing interdisciplinary, inter-unit and international cooperation, focusing on hotspot and major projects, actively applying for and using of project fundings in order to produce more high-quality research outcomes.

[Potential interaction effect on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder between mother's educational level and preschoolers' dietary pattern].

Objective: To explore the interaction effect between mother's educational level and preschoolers' dietary pattern on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods: In 2014, there were 16 439 children aged 3-6 years old from 91 kindergartens in Ma'anshan municipality of China. A semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and the 10-item Chinese version of the Conners' Abbreviated Symptom Questionnaire (C-ASQ) were administered to assess the usual dietary intake and symptoms on ADHD. Social-demographic information was collected through questionnaires. Unconditional logistic regression was used to analyze the multiplication interaction effect between mother's educational level and preschoolers' dietary pattern on ADHD. Excel software was used to analyze the additive interaction effect of mother's educational level and preschoolers'dietary pattern on ADHD. Results: Results showed that factors as: mother's low educational level[aOR=1.31 (1.13-1.52)], scores related to preschoolers in the top quintile of "food processing" [aOR=1.31 (1.16-1.48)] and "snack" [aOR=1.45 (1.29-1.63)]patterns showed greater odds while preschoolers in the top quintile of "vegetarian" [aOR=0.80 (0.71-0.90)]showed less odds for having ADHD symptoms. Both multiplication and additive interactions were observed between mothers with less education. The processed dietary patterns (OR=1.17, 95%CI: 1.11-1.25), relative excess risk of interaction (RERI), attributable proportion (AP) and the interaction index (SI) appeared as 0.21, 0.13 and 1.47, respectively. Multiplication interaction was observed between levels of mother's low education and the snack dietary pattern (OR=1.21, 95%CI: 1.14-1.29), with RERI, AP and SI as 0.49, 0.26 and 2.36, respectively. However, neither multiplication interaction or additive interaction was noticed between levels of mother's low education and the vegetarian dietary pattern (OR=0.97, 95%CI: 0.92-1.03), with RERI, AP and SI as 0.09, 0.05 and 1.15, respectively. Conclusions: Levels of mother's low education presented a risk factor for ADHD symptoms in preschool children. Both multiplication interaction and additive interaction were observed between mother's low education levels and the processed dietary pattern. Multiplication interaction was noticed between mother's education levels and the snack dietary pattern but not with the vegetarian dietary pattern.

[Epidemiological characteristics and relevant factors on the comorbidity of hyperactivity behavior and allergic diseases in preschool children].

Objective: To understand the epidemiological characteristics and relevant factors on the comorbidity of hyperactivity behavior and allergic disease among preschool children in urban areas of Ma'anshan city. Methods: During April 2014 to April 2015, 91 kindergartens over 3 years old were investigated. In the investigation, 16 439 questionnaires were distributed to parents, and 15 291 valid questionnaires were collected. Conners abbreviated symptom questionnaire (brief symptom questionnaire) was filled out by parents to assess the children's hyperactive behaviors. Information of allergic disease history was reported by parents, including allergic dermatitis/eczema, food/drug allergy, allergic rhinitis and asthma. Multivariate unconditional logistic regression was used to analyze the relevant factors of comorbidity of hyperactivity behavior and allergy diseases. Results: The average age of the 15 291 children were (4.5±1.0) years old, among which 53.7% (8 218/15 291) were boys. The prevalence of hyperactive behaviors was 8.6%(1 317/15 291), and the comorbidity rate of hyperactivity and allergic deseases was 1.7% (258/15 291). After confounding factors including gender, age, delivery mode, father's age and pregnancy complications adjusted, poor sleep quality (OR=4.45, 95%CI: 2.85-6.94), long duration of watching TV at weekend (OR=1.39, 95%CI: 1.00-1.94) and poor eating behavior (OR=1.78, 95%CI: 1.07-2.98) were relevant factors of the comorbidity of hyperactivity and allergic diseases. Conclusion: The prevalence of comorbidity of hyperactivity behavior and allergic disease among preschool children in urban areas of Ma'anshan city was not high. Poor night sleep quality, long duration of watching TV and frequently picky eating were relevant factors of the comorbidity of hyperactive behaviors and allergic diseases.

[Dietary patterns among preschoolers and its association with education level of the parents].

Objective: To identify the dietary patterns among preschoolers in Ma'anshan, and to investigate its association with the education levels of the parents. Methods: A total of 16 439 children aged 3-6 were recruited from 91 kindergartens in Ma'anshan city to participate in the study. Food frequency and socio-demographic information were collected through questionnaire survey. Dietary data was collected using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and principal-components analysis was used to derive the dietary patterns. Ordinal multinomial logistic regression was employed to explore the association between the education level of parents and the dietary patterns. Results: Five dietary patterns- "processed" , "beverage" , "snack" , "protein" and "vegetarian" were identified. Data showed that the total variance was 48.02% and the cumulative proportion of processed reached 24.78%. Low educational level of the father was positively associated with both "beverage" (OR=1.36, 95%CI: 1.15-1.63) and "snack" dietary pattern (OR=1.21, 95%CI: 1.01-1.43). Low educational level of mother was positively associated with the "processed" (OR=1.31, 95%CI: 1.09-1.57) and "beverage" dietary pattern (OR=1.48, 95%CI: 1.23-1.77), and showed a negative correlation with "protein" (OR=0.62, 95%CI: 0.52-0.74) and "vegetarian" dietary pattern (OR=0.72, 95%CI: 0.60-0.86). Conclusion: Findings from this study showed that preschoolers in Ma'anshan tend to choose unhealthy dietary pattern. Dietary pattern was directly influenced by the parents, and especially the education level of the mothers.

Computed tomographic and cytologic assessment of cystic pancreatic neoplasms: a difficult preoperative diagnosis.

The computed tomography (CT) findings or cytologic results, or both, for 21 patients with cystic pancreatic neoplasm (4 with microcystic cystadenoma, 6 with macrocystic mucinous cystadenoma, 10 with macrocystic mucinous cystadenocarcinoma and 1 with a papillary cystic neoplasm) were reviewed. CT scans for 14 of the patients were reviewed by two gastrointestinal radiologists who were blinded with respect to the patients' identities and the diagnoses. The radiologists used previously published criteria for distinguishing between microcystic and macrocystic neoplasms. Of the four cases of microcystic cystadenoma, two were correctly diagnosed by one radiologist, and one was correctly diagnosed by the other. Three and four cases respectively of five cases of macrocystic cystadenoma were correctly identified, as were three and five of five cases of macrocystic cystadenocarcinoma. Cytologic evaluation of samples from fine-needle aspiration biopsy had been performed for 15 of the patients, and these records were reviewed. One of three cases of microcystic cystadenoma, two of four cases of macrocystic cystadenoma, five of seven cases of macrocystic cystadenocarcinoma and the papillary cystic neoplasm were correctly diagnosed on the basis of the cytologic findings. The combination of CT and cytologic assessment is helpful in distinguishing different types of cystic pancreatic neoplasms, but there is significant overlap among the clinical and radiographic features of these lesions, and therefore operative assessment is often necessary.

Skeletal development and formation of osteoclast-like cells from in situ progenitors in fetal mouse metatarsals cultured in chemically defined medium.

An in vitro model system is described, using metatarsal explants from 15-day mouse embryos (E15) cultured in serumless chemically defined medium, to study fetal skeletal development with particular emphasis on de novo osteoclast formation. The normal pattern of growth and differentiation observed in vitro, assessed by ultrastructure and morphometry, demonstrate a permissive local environment which replicates physiologic temporal and spatial relationships which exist in vivo. The population of committed osteoclast progenitors present in E15 metatarsals form osteoclasts and precursors which have cytochemical and ultrastructural features, as well as kinetics of formation, that are similar to that which occurs in vivo. The responsiveness of osteoclast formation to the effects of added 1,25(OH)2D3 illustrates that controlled manipulation enables one to exploit the system for investigating the role of cytokines, growth factors and osteotropic hormones in skeletal development and osteoclast ontogeny.

Percutaneous catheter drainage of abdominal abscesses.

This paper presents a study of 45 patients who had percutaneous catheter drainage of 52 intra-abdominal abscesses. In 37 patients this was the only treatment necessary; the other 8 needed further surgery to correct the cause of the abscess or treat concurrent surgical disease. The catheter complication rate was 3.8%.

A modified procedure for percutaneous abscess and fluid drainage using the Malecot catheter-Stamey needle technique.

Percutaneous abscess and fluid drainage (PAFD) of various intraabdominal collections with computed tomographic and ultrasonic guidance is well established. Current techniques use a catheter of pigtail design introduced either by multiple step dilatations or a separate trocar insertion, and are subject to complications which can be avoided by use of a new catheter-needle system we propose. This system uses a straight, winged, Malecot catheter which is introduced in one step with a Stamey needle. We report upon our experience with the Malecot catheter/Stamey needle system for PAFD in 13 patients with good results. This method ensures a single step introduction of a large bore catheter, accurate catheter placement, a stable catheter position with good function, and easy drainage of multiloculated or multiple abscesses.