Predicting Factors for Failure of Percutaneous Drainage of Postoperative Intra-Abdominal Collection.

Objective: To determine the predictive factors for failure of percutaneous drainage (PD) of postoperative intra-abdominal collection, to better select the patients who might benefit from PD. Material and Method: From September 2011 to February 2013, the authors reviewed 42 patients with symptomatic postoperative intra-abdominal collection who had received PD at Ramathibodi Hospital. The PD was considered as failure when clinical sepsis persisted or subsequent surgery was needed. Univariate analysis was used to examine the relationships between failure of PD and the collection and drainage-related variables. Results: The success rate of PD in the present study was 80%. No major complication was detected. The overall mortality was 12%. Univariate analysis showed that the presence of biliary fistula (p = 0.012), subhepatic location (p = 0.040) and the drainage catheter size of 12F (p = 0.002) were significant predictive variables for failure of PD. Conclusion: Image-guided PD of postoperative intra-abdominal collection was found to be a safe and effective procedure with few complications. Initial recognition of biliary fistula in the collection at subhepatic region or in patients underwent hepatobiliary surgery was the important prognostic factor for unsuccessful PD. These patients may be more beneficial for initial surgical drainage.

Vascular access stenosis and central vein obstruction interventions: five years of experience in Ramathibodi Hospital.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate initial post-treatment and six months outcome of patients sent to the intervention radiology unit with vascular access malfunctions. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A retrospective study of venoplasty, venoplasty with stenting, and venoplasty with thrombolysis for vascular access failure patients, included 53 patients with 67 interventional radiology procedures at the intervention radiology unit of Ramathibodi Hospital between January 2004 and June 2009. RESULTS: Sixty-seven intervention procedures were performed in 53 patients. Two patients had severe stenosis of AVF anastomosis with a resulting in failure to perform venoplasty. There were 34 lesions of central venous obstruction. The lesions were usually short and 79% shorter than 4.0 cm. In the group of central venous obstruction that performed venoplasty alone, the degree of stenosis was 58.7 +/- 18.6% (mean +/- SD) with 69.2% technical success and 84.6% clinical successes. However the technical success was increased to 71.4% and clinical success was increased to 100% in the stent placement group. At the six-month follow-up, there was no significant clinical re-obstruction. Fair to good outcomes of interventional procedures of vascular access and peripheral venous stenosis were achieved. Within the group of 14 lesions of patients who underwent AVBG, the degree of stenosis was 64.4 +/- 14.4% with 57.1% technical success and 100% clinical successes. In the other group of 19 lesions that underwent native AVF the degree of stenosis was 61 +/- 9.4% with 52.6% technical success and 89% clinical successes. Two patients had re-stenosis and thrombosis in AVBG six months after treatment procedure. CONCLUSION: Percutaneous interventional radiology procedure continues to play a beneficial role in treatment, and remains the first treatment of choice in vascular access malfunction and corollary complications of central venous obstruction. The technical success rate of treatments is determined by morphologic features of each lesion, with the identification of these features helping in proper planning and the use of appropriate instruments.

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor ofabdomen: computerized tomographic (CT) and pathological findings.

Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor (IMT) is the recent name of Inflammatory pseudotumor which was in intermediate group of fibrous-origin tumor. The authors retrospectively reviewed such cases in Ramathibodi Hospital from January 2001 to December 2005. There were 115 cases of fibrous-origin tumor which was IMT in 17 cases. Nine cases occurred in the abdomen and only 3 of these had complete computerized tomographic (CT) imaging. One was hypodense liver mass with thick rim enhancement. Another one in the liver presented as a liver abscess which appeared as multiloculated hypodense mass with enhanced septum. The third case was a large malignant-looking retroperitoneal mass and having a small accompanying hepatic lesion which rapidly grew in the follow up study at nine months. IMT in the abdomen was scanty. The diagnosis was done with difficulty because of different signs and symptoms such as fever and palpable abdominal mass. The laboratory findings were nonspecific or within normal limits. Tissue biopsy was the way of definite diagnosis. We reported 3 cases of abdominal IMT with variable imaging findings that may lead to inappropriate treatment. Recognization of such findings will help achieve correct diagnosis.

Case report combined hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma with sarcomatous transformation.

Combined hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma with sarcomatous transformation was first recognized in Ramathibodi Hospital in 2005. This variant of carcinoma has been increasingly reported particularly from Asian countries. Dedifferentiation of the epithelial component to various sarcomatous components is likely the underlying mechanism. The causative factors of hepatocarcinogenesis in Thailand include chronic viral hepatitis B or C, exposures to aflatoxin B1 and nitrosamine(s) and occasionally some certain nodular hepatocellular lesions due to arterial hyperperfusion. It is suggested that the recent change of the Thai peoples' life style to an increased consumption of fast foods containing food preservatives especially nitrate or nitrite, the nitrosamine precursor may allow heavy exposure(s) to the chemical carcinogen(s) i.e. nitrosamine(s) leading to sarcomatous transformation of the carcinoma.