ABSTRACT
AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the inclination of the maxillary incisors (I), facial axis (FA), and growth axis (GA) in different vertical and sagittal patterns. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 498 consecutive orthodontic patients, with an average age of 18.87 years (range = 5-63 years), were grouped based on their vertical and sagittal patterns. Maxillary incisors, FA, and GA axes were traced and their corresponding angles to nasion-basion and true horizontal lines were measured. The sample was divided into three groups based on the mandibular divergence (mandibular plane-MP/sella-nasion [SN]): Group 1-hypodivergent pattern (MP/SN ≤ 27; n = 30), Group 2-normodivergent pattern (27 < MP/SN <37; n = 254), and Group 3-hyperdivergent pattern (MP/SN ≥ 37; n = 214); the sample was then divided into three groups based on the sagittal pattern (ANB, angle between points A, Nasion and B): Group I-skeletal CLI (Class I) (0
