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1.
Benef Microbes ; 15(2): 145-164, 2024 Feb 22.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38412868

ABSTRACT

COVID-19 is caused by an airborne virus, SARS-CoV-2. The upper respiratory tract (URT) is, therefore, the first system to endure the attack. Inhabited by an assemblage of microbial communities, a healthy URT wards off the invasion. However, once invaded, it becomes destabilised, which could be crucial to the establishment and progression of the infection. We examined 696 URT samples collected from 285 COVID-19 patients at three time-points throughout their hospital stay and 100 URT samples from 100 healthy controls. We used 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing to evaluate the abundance of various bacterial taxa, α-diversity, and ß-diversity of the URT microbiome. Ordinary least squares regression was used to establish associations between the variables, with age, sex, and antibiotics as covariates. The URT microbiome in the COVID-19 patients was distinctively different from that of healthy controls. In COVID-19 patients, the abundance of 16 genera was significantly reduced. A total of 47 genera were specific to patients, whereas only 2 were unique to controls. The URT samples collected at admission differed more from the control than from the samples collected at later stages of treatment. The following four genera originally depleted in the patients grew significantly by the end of treatment: Fusobacterium, Haemophilus, Neisseria, and Stenotrophomonas. Our findings strongly suggest that SARS-CoV-2 caused significant changes in the URT microbiome, including the emergence of numerous atypical taxa. These findings may indicate increased instability of the URT microbiome in COVID-19 patients. In the course of the treatment, the microbial composition of the URT of COVID-19 patients tended toward that of controls. These microbial changes may be interpreted as markers of recovery.


Subject(s)
Bacteria , COVID-19 , Microbiota , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S , Respiratory System , SARS-CoV-2 , Humans , COVID-19/microbiology , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Bacteria/classification , Bacteria/genetics , Bacteria/isolation & purification , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics , Aged , SARS-CoV-2/genetics , Respiratory System/microbiology , Respiratory System/virology , Adult , Aged, 80 and over
2.
Biomed Khim ; 64(2): 201-207, 2018 Mar.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29723151

ABSTRACT

Schizophrenia is one of the most serious and common mental disorders, which is characterized by high levels of pathogenic heterogeneity as well as neuroimmune abnormalities, which require treatment with antipsychotic drugs. Monoamines are one of the key neurotransmitters which play an important role in neuroimmune interactions of the human organism. We suggest that the quantity of the monoamine receptors on mononuclear cells of the peripheral blood (PBMCs) can be associated with the cytokine profile of patients. With this quantity being a key component of the mental status correction mechanism in antipsychotic therapy. In this study we measured cytokine levels (IL-6, IL-1b and TGF-b) in blood serum, the protein expression status of the serotonin receptor 5HTR2A and the dopamine receptors D1 (DRD1), DRD2, DRD3 in PBMCs of drug-naive, first episode schizophrenia patients before and after the treatment with olanzapine and haloperidol. This study has shown for the first time that the antipsychotic therapy leads to a decrease in protein levels of monoamine receptors in PBMCs associated with the affinity of the drug used. Blood cytokine levels were significantly higher in serum from studied patients as compared with the reference values. The antipsychotic-linked change of the TGF-b production caused by the therapy is probably associated with the reduction of various monoamine receptors. The relationship between the psychopathological status and the protein level of 5THR2A suggests that the amount of 5HTR2A may serve as a potential biomarker for the personalized appointment of the antipsychotic therapy.


Subject(s)
Antipsychotic Agents/pharmacology , Haloperidol/pharmacology , Leukocytes, Mononuclear/drug effects , Olanzapine/pharmacology , Schizophrenia/drug therapy , Cytokines/blood , Humans , Receptors, Dopamine D1/metabolism , Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT2/metabolism
3.
Front Med ; 12(1): 84-91, 2018 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29335835

ABSTRACT

A multicenter prospective epidemiological survey on the etiologic agents of invasive candidosis was conducted in Russia in the period of 2012-2014. Samples were collected from 284 patients with invasive candidosis and Candida species isolated by culture. The species were identified by DNA sequencing and MALDI-TOF massspectrometry. A total of 322 isolates were recovered, in which 96% of Сandida species belonged to six major species, namely, C. albicans (43.2%), C. parapsilosis (20.2%), C. glabrata (11.5%), C. tropicalis (9.6%), C. krusei (6.2%), and C. guilliermondii (5.3%). Most Candida species were isolated from blood samples (83.23%). Notably, the prevalence rate of C. albicans reduced from 52.38% to 32.79% (2012 vs. 2014) (P = 0.01) whereas that of non-C. albicans increased from 47.62% (2012) to 67.21% (2014) (P < 0.01). Species distribution differed among geographical regions; specifically, the prevalence rate of C. albicans as an etiologic agent of invasive candidosis in Siberian Federal region was significantly higher than that in other Federal regions. Results indicated a shift from C. albicans to non-C. albicans. Therefore, a detailed investigation on the contributing factors and appropriate treatment of invasive candidosis is needed.


Subject(s)
Candida/isolation & purification , Candidiasis, Invasive/diagnosis , Candidiasis, Invasive/microbiology , Cross Infection/diagnosis , Cross Infection/microbiology , Candida/classification , Candidiasis, Invasive/epidemiology , Cross Infection/epidemiology , Humans , Prospective Studies , Russia/epidemiology , Sequence Analysis, DNA , Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization , Surveys and Questionnaires
4.
BMC Psychiatry ; 17(1): 394, 2017 Dec 08.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29221470

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Biomarkers are now widely used in many fields of medicine, and the identification of biomarkers that predict antipsychotic efficacy and adverse reactions is a growing area of psychiatric research. Monoamine molecules of the peripheral bloodstream are possible prospective biomarkers based on a growing body of evidence indicating that they may reflect specific changes in neurotransmitters in the brain. The aim of this study was to detect peripheral biogenic amine indicators of patients with acute psychosis and to test the correlations between the biological measures studied and the psychopathological status of the patients. METHODS: This research included 60 patients with acute psychosis treated with olanzapine (n = 30) or haloperidol (n = 30). Here, we measured biogenic amine indicators, including mRNA levels of dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) and the serotonin 2A receptor (5HTR2A), in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and serum dopamine concentrations by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Psychopathological status was evaluated using psychometric scales. The assessments were conducted prior to and after 14 and 28 days of treatment. RESULTS: The administration of haloperidol, but not olanzapine, up-regulated 5HTR2A mRNA in a linear manner, albeit without statistical significance (p = 0.052). Both drugs had non-significant effects on DRD4 mRNA levels. Nevertheless, a positive correlation was found between DRD4 and 5HTR2A mRNA levels over a longitudinal trajectory, suggesting co-expression of the two genes. A significant positive correlation was observed between 5HTR2A mRNA levels and total Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) scores in both groups of patients before treatment. A significant correlation between baseline 5HTR2A mRNA levels and PANSS scores on days 14 and 28 of treatment remained for patients treated with olanzapine only. Moreover, a significant positive correlation was observed between blood serum dopamine levels and scores on extrapyramidal symptom scales in the olanzapine group. CONCLUSIONS: The DRD4 and 5HTR2A genes are co-expressed in PBMCs during antipsychotic administration. Despite a correlation between the studied biogenic amine indicators and the psychopathological status of patients, reliable biomarkers of treatment response could not be determined.


Subject(s)
Benzodiazepines/therapeutic use , Dopamine/blood , Psychotic Disorders/blood , Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A/blood , Receptors, Dopamine D4/blood , Adolescent , Adult , Antipsychotic Agents/therapeutic use , Benzodiazepines/adverse effects , Biomarkers/blood , Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced/blood , Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced/diagnosis , Female , Haloperidol/adverse effects , Haloperidol/therapeutic use , Humans , Leukocytes, Mononuclear/metabolism , Male , Middle Aged , Olanzapine , Prospective Studies , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales , Psychotic Disorders/drug therapy , Treatment Outcome , Young Adult
5.
Bull Exp Biol Med ; 160(2): 271-4, 2015 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26621272

ABSTRACT

The expression of dopamine receptor (DRD), Nurr1 transcription factor (NR4A2), and α-sinucleine (SNCA) genes in peripheral blood lymphocytes is evaluated. The results indicate that alcohol dependence is associated with high expression of SNCA and DRD4 (signifi cantly higher than in the control group) and is not associated with changes in the work of NR4A2 and DRD3 genes. The levels of DRD3 and DRD4 mRNA form a positive linear correlation (p≤0.05). The expression of SNCA and DRD4 genes can serve as an important peripheral marker of alcohol dependence development, which is essential for antipsychotic therapy.


Subject(s)
Alcoholism/genetics , Alcoholism/metabolism , RNA, Messenger/genetics , Adult , Female , Humans , Lymphocytes/metabolism , Male , Middle Aged , RNA, Messenger/metabolism , Receptors, Dopamine/genetics , Receptors, Dopamine/metabolism , Receptors, Dopamine D3/genetics , Receptors, Dopamine D3/metabolism , Synaptic Transmission/genetics , Synaptic Transmission/physiology
6.
Biomed Khim ; 61(6): 742-9, 2015.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26716747

ABSTRACT

Here we present the first metagenomic study of gut microbiota in patients with alcohol dependence syndrome (ADS) performed in the whole-genome ("shotgun") format. Taxonomic analysis highlighted changes in community "drivers" abundance previously associated with inflammatory processes (including increase in Ruminococcus gnavus and torques, as well as decrease in Faecalibacterium and Akkermansia). Microbiota of alcoholics manifested presence of specific opportunistic pathogens rarely detected in healthy control subjects of the world. Differential analysis of metabolic potential basing on changes in KEGG Orthology groups abundance revealed increase in pathways associated with response to oxidative stress. Analysis of two specific gene groups--alcohol metabolism and virulence factors--also showed increase in comparison with the control groups. We suggest that gut microbiota distinct in alcoholics by both taxonomic and functional composition plays role in modulating the effect of alcohol on host organism.


Subject(s)
Alcoholism/microbiology , Bacteria , Ethanol/metabolism , Intestines/microbiology , Metagenome , Oxidative Stress , Adult , Alcoholism/metabolism , Bacteria/classification , Bacteria/genetics , Bacteria/metabolism , Bacterial Proteins/genetics , Bacterial Proteins/metabolism , Humans , Intestinal Mucosa/metabolism , Male , Middle Aged , Virulence Factors/genetics , Virulence Factors/metabolism
7.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26569007

ABSTRACT

Current literature on a role of dopamine in the development of mental and neurological disorders suggests that the discovery of endogenous dopamine in peripheral blood lymphocytes gave rise to a new line of research. Dopamine receptors are not only found on cells of the innate immune response (nonspecific), but also on cells of adaptive immune response (specific): T and B lymphocytes. These facts bring a new evidence of interrelationships between the peripheral immune system, neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration and suggest new ways for investigation of the pathogenesis of different mental and neurological disorders, in particular Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia. There is strong evidence that ligands of dopamine receptors can change the expression of coding genes both in central neurons and in peripheral cells. Thus, peripheral blood lymphocytes may prove a cellular tool to identify dopamine transmission disturbances in neuropsychiatric diseases, as well as to monitor the effects of pharmacological treatment.


Subject(s)
Dopamine/physiology , Lymphocytes/physiology , Mental Disorders/physiopathology , Nervous System Diseases/physiopathology , Synaptic Transmission , Humans , Neurons/physiology , Receptors, Dopamine/genetics , Receptors, Dopamine/metabolism
8.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26322366

ABSTRACT

"Typical" antipsychotics remain the wide-prescribed drugs in modern psychiatry. But these drugs are associated with development of extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS). Preventive methods of EPS are actively developed and they concentrate on personalized approach. The method of taking into account genetic characteristics of patient for prescribing of treatment was proven as effective in cardiology, oncology, HIV-medicine. In this review the modern state of pharmacogenetic research of antipsychotic-induced EPS are considered. There are pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic factors which impact on adverse effects. Pharmacokinetic factors are the most well-studied to date, these include genetic polymorphisms of genes of cytochrome P450. However, evidence base while does not allow to do the significant prognosis of development of EPS based on genetic testing of CYP2D6 and CYP7A2 polymorphisms. Genes of pharmacodynamics factors, which realize the EPS during antipsychotic treatment, are the wide field for research. In separate part of review research of such systems as dopaminergic, serotonergic, adrenergic, glutamatergic, GABAergic, BDNF were analyzed. The role of oxidative stress factors in the pathogenesis of antipsychotic-induced EPS was enough detailed considered. The system of those factors may be used for personalized risk assessment of antipsychotics' safety in the future. Although there were numerous studies, the pharmacogenetic-based prevention of EPS before prescribing of antipsychotics was not introduced. However, it is possible to distinguish the most perspectives markers for further research. Furthermore, brief review of new candidate genes provides here, but only preliminary results were published. The main problem of the field is the lack of high- quality studies. Moreover, the several results were not replicated in repeat studies. The pharmacogenetic-based research must be standardized by ethnicity of patients. But there is the ethnical misbalance in world literature. These facts explain why the introduction of pharmacogenetic testing for risk assessment of antipsychotic-induced EPS is so difficult to achieve.


Subject(s)
Antipsychotic Agents/adverse effects , Basal Ganglia Diseases/chemically induced , Basal Ganglia Diseases/genetics , Genetic Testing , Pharmacogenetics/trends , Antipsychotic Agents/pharmacokinetics , Basal Ganglia Diseases/ethnology , Genetic Markers/genetics , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Humans , Risk Assessment
9.
Ter Arkh ; 87(12): 59-65, 2015.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26978420

ABSTRACT

AIM: To establish the specific features of the taxonomic and functional composition of the enteric microbiota in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis (LC). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Metagenomic analysis was used to study the taxonomic composition and functional potential of the enteric microbiota in 20 patients with alcoholic LC. Total DNA was isolated from the patients' fecal samples; thereafter full genome sequencing was carried out. The metagenomic analysis yielded the results of the relative taxonomic and functional abundance of microbial species in the test samples. These were comparatively analyzed with the previously published metagenomic datasets of healthy population cohorts in the Russian Federation, as well as in Denmark, China, and the USA. RESULTS: In the majority of patients, the dominant part of the intestinal community represented bacterial species constituting the normal human intestinal flora. At the same time, abnormal gut microbiota composition, which was suggestive of marked dysbacteriosis, was identified in a number of patients. In addition, pooled analysis of the data could identify a number of species with a statistically significantly increase and decrease in the relative abundance as compared to the control groups. Thus, the enteric microbiota of the patients with alcoholic LC showed a high proportion of bacteria characteristic of the oral cavity. Analysis of the pooled metabolic potential of the microbiota in these patients demonstrated the higher abundance of enzyme genes involved in alcohol metabolism. CONCLUSION: In the patients with alcoholic LC, the microbiota composition changes identified in individual bacterial species may be associated with gastrointestinal comorbidities, such as chronic erosive gastritis, chronic pancreatitis, and gastric ulcer. The alterations occurring in alcoholic cirrhosis promote the penetration and generation of oral cavity-specific microorganisms in the human intestine. This may a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of liver diseases. The bacterial enzyme genes involved in alcohol metabolism have an increased abundance in patients with alcoholic LC and healthy volunteers from the Russian Federation.


Subject(s)
Dysbiosis/etiology , Gastrointestinal Microbiome/genetics , Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic/complications , Metagenome/genetics , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged
10.
Bull Exp Biol Med ; 148(1): 79-81, 2009 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19902103

ABSTRACT

Ultrastructure of the surface of long hair in 77 subjects with a phenotype of childhood prelingual deafness was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. The subjects were homozygous or heterozygous carriers of the 35delG mutation in the connexin 26 gene (GJB2). The presence of severe abnormalities in the marginal layer of the cuticular plate (fracture-like defects) is pathognomonic for homozygous carriers of the 35delG mutation. Ultrastructural characteristics of the hair in subjects with connexin-associated deafness significantly differed from those in healthy volunteers (control group of the same age) and deaf people with non-genetic hearing impairment. Analysis of variance revealed no differences in hair thickness between deaf homozygous and heterozygous carriers of the 35delG GJB2 gene mutation and healthy volunteers.


Subject(s)
Connexins/genetics , Deafness/genetics , Hair/ultrastructure , Mutation , Adolescent , Adult , Case-Control Studies , Child , Child, Preschool , Connexin 26 , Homozygote , Humans , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
11.
Bull Exp Biol Med ; 146(5): 609-11, 2008 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19526103

ABSTRACT

The content of mRNA for alpha-synuclein (a key protein of the dopaminergic system) was elevated in the peripheral lymphocytes of patients with alcohol dependence syndrome. Increased level of alpha-synuclein mRNA was not associated with changes in the expression of NR4A2 gene encoding Nurrl, one of the main transcription factors of dopaminergic neurons.


Subject(s)
Alcoholism/genetics , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Lymphocytes/metabolism , alpha-Synuclein/genetics , Adult , Analysis of Variance , DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 2 , Transcription Factors/genetics
12.
Kardiologiia ; 47(7): 29-34, 2007.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18260892

ABSTRACT

With the aim to detect genetic factors of risk of development of early myocardial infarction (MI) we studied 29 allele variants of 19 genes in 206 men who had survived MI in the age before 45 years and in 195 men of similar age without cardiovascular diseases. All subjects were inhabitants of North-West region of Russia. The following factors were associated with history of myocardial infarction: genotype RR191 of paraoxonase-1 (PON1) gene (RR 2.8 [95% CI: 1.24 - 6.30]), P1A2 allele of glycoprotein (GP) IIIa subunit of platelet fibrinogen receptor GPIIb/IIIa (RR 1.8 [95% CI: 1.11 - 2.93]), and Met145 allele of GPIbalpha platelet von Willebrand factor receptor gene. Genotype CC ( - 108) PON1 was associated with lowered risk of MI development (RR 0.6 [95% CI: 0.40 - 0.91]). During 7 years of follow-up 30 men from MI group died of recurrent acute coronary syndromes. In the group of those who died we noted increased prevalence of P1A2 GPIIIa allele compared with those who survived (p < 0.03). The results allow to suggest that contribute to development of MI in young men factors associated with elevation of functional state of platelets and levels of oxidized lipids in blood plasma.


Subject(s)
Blood Platelets/metabolism , Myocardial Infarction/epidemiology , Myocardial Infarction/genetics , Acute Coronary Syndrome/mortality , Adult , Aryldialkylphosphatase/genetics , Gene Frequency , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Genotype , Humans , Integrin alpha2/genetics , Integrin beta3/genetics , Lipid Peroxidation , Lipids/blood , Male , Myocardial Infarction/blood , Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex/genetics , Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins/genetics , Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics , Recurrence , Risk Factors , Russia/epidemiology
13.
Bull Exp Biol Med ; 143(4): 422-5, 2007 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18214290

ABSTRACT

In some patients with stable and unstable angina pectoris and in some donors without clinical manifestations of cardiovascular diseases and other pathologies, spontaneous platelet aggregation was completely suppressed by glycoprotein IIb-IIIa antagonists blocking the interaction of this glycoprotein with fibrinogen. Antibodies inhibiting binding of glycoprotein Ib with von Willebrand factor had no effect on the level and rate of spontaneous platelet aggregation. In the donor group, the level of spontaneous aggregation was almost 1.5-fold higher in persons with a certain genetic polymorphism (Leu-->Pro substitution in position 33 of glycoprotein IIIa). The level of spontaneous aggregation correlated with the amount of glycoprotein IIb-IIIa on the platelet surface (r = 0.41).


Subject(s)
Blood Platelets/metabolism , Platelet Aggregation/physiology , Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex/metabolism , Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology , Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use , Aspirin/pharmacology , Aspirin/therapeutic use , Blood Platelets/drug effects , Cardiovascular Diseases/blood , Cardiovascular Diseases/drug therapy , Fibrinogen/metabolism , Humans , Mutation , Peptide Fragments/pharmacology , Peptide Fragments/therapeutic use , Platelet Aggregation/drug effects , Platelet Aggregation/genetics , Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex/antagonists & inhibitors , Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex/genetics , Polymorphism, Genetic , Protein Binding/drug effects , von Willebrand Factor/metabolism
14.
Kardiologiia ; 45(4): 61-3, 2005.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15940194

ABSTRACT

Warfarin is metabolized by cytochrome CYP2C9 and its pharmacokinetic properties depend on structural polymorphisms of CYP2C9 gene. We studied frequencies of allele variants of CYP2C9 gene and associations of individual reaction to warfarin intake with genotype of CYP2C9 gene. Population frequencies of CYP2C9x1, CYP2C9x2, CYP2C9x3 alleles of CYP2C9 gene in St-Petersburg were 82.66, 11.11, and 6.32%, respectively. Carriers of CYP2C9x2 and CYP2C9x3 alleles more rapidly achieved therapeutic levels of hypocoagulation and required significantly lower weekly doses of warfarin.


Subject(s)
Anticoagulants/therapeutic use , Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases/genetics , DNA/genetics , Gene Frequency , Polymorphism, Genetic , Thrombosis/genetics , Warfarin/therapeutic use , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Alleles , Anticoagulants/administration & dosage , Anticoagulants/pharmacokinetics , Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9 , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Genotype , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Russia , Thrombosis/drug therapy , Thrombosis/metabolism , Treatment Outcome , Urban Population , Warfarin/administration & dosage , Warfarin/pharmacokinetics
15.
Kardiologiia ; 44(8): 40-5, 2004.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15340333

ABSTRACT

Analysis of allele distribution of four single nucleotide polymorphisms (C-17G, C69T, G-191C and 319insG) of promoter and 5'-untranslated regions of the ABCA1 gene was carried out in a sample of 171 men, who had survived myocardial infarction before 45 years, and in controls. Two-fold increase of T69 and C-191 allele frequencies were observed in Russian population in comparison to Dutch one. While comparing allele and genotype distributions of the polymorphisms in the samples under study no statistically significant differences were found, so as no influence of different alleles on lipid spectrum data was observed. Role of polymorphisms under study appears to be insignificant in formation of genetic susceptibility to myocardial infarction in young men.


Subject(s)
5' Untranslated Regions , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide , Gene Frequency , Humans , Male , Myocardial Infarction/genetics , Survivors
16.
Genetika ; 38(11): 1463-9, 2002 Nov.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12500671

ABSTRACT

Of the 130 clinical isolates of Mycoplasma hominis from patients with nonspecific inflammatory diseases of the urogenital tract (UGT), approximately 10% contained the tet(M) gene after the course of treatment with tetracyclines. This gene was found in nine (25%) of the 36 Ureaplasma urealyticum clinical isolates. The nucleotide sequence of 13 tet(M) genes in TcR clinical isolates of M. hominis and five genes in U. urealyticum TcR clinical isolates was determined. A comparison of nucleotide sequences of eight tetM genes of different origin and tet(M) genes of Gardnerella vaginalis and M. hominis and U. urealyticum clinical isolates showed that the mosaic structure of the tet(M) gene is completely identical in 11 of 13 M. hominis TcR isolates but belongs to an unidentified allele different from those described earlier, Another new allelic variant of tet(M) was found in two isolates. In three of five TcR clinical isolates of U. urealyticum, a tet(M) gene, whose mosaic structure was identical to that of tet(M) reported previously for ureaplasmas, and also two new allelic variants, which have not been described so far, were found.


Subject(s)
Bacterial Proteins/genetics , Drug Resistance, Bacterial/genetics , Mycoplasma hominis/genetics , Polymorphism, Genetic , Tetracycline Resistance/genetics , Ureaplasma urealyticum/genetics , Alleles , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Female , Female Urogenital Diseases/drug therapy , Female Urogenital Diseases/microbiology , Gardnerella vaginalis/genetics , Humans , Mosaicism , Mycoplasma hominis/drug effects , Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid , Tetracyclines , Ureaplasma urealyticum/drug effects
17.
Bull Exp Biol Med ; 134(1): 60-3, 2002 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12459871

ABSTRACT

We studied the correlation between genetic transfer of tetM determinant in Tn916 conjugative transposon by urogenital mycoplasmas (Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum) and changes in the bacterial repertoire during treatment with a tetracycline antibiotic. Basic conditions favoring the nonspecific transfer of tetM determinant into mollicute cells are determined and the allele polymorphism of tetM determinant in clinical strains of M. hominis and U. urealyticum is evaluated. The structure of tetM gene in clinical mycoplasma and ureaplasma strains is characterized by a peculiar mosaic pattern and differs from all previously described alleles of this gene. The results suggest that tetracycline resistance in mollicutes is determined by mechanisms alternative to genetic transfer of tetM determinant.


Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Mycoplasma Infections/microbiology , Mycoplasma/metabolism , Ureaplasma Infections/microbiology , Urogenital System/microbiology , Adolescent , Adult , Alleles , DNA Transposable Elements , Doxycycline/pharmacology , Drug Resistance , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Mycoplasma Infections/drug therapy , Mycoplasma hominis/metabolism , Polymorphism, Genetic , Time Factors , Ureaplasma Infections/drug therapy , Ureaplasma urealyticum/metabolism
18.
Bull Exp Biol Med ; 132(1): 663-5, 2001 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11687848

ABSTRACT

A rapid reproducible effective method for molecular typing of Mycoplasma hominis strains based on random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique was developed. RAPD detected genetic heterogeneity of genomes of Mycoplasma hominis clinical isolates and showed changes in the genomes of Mycoplasma hominis clinical isolates from patients with chronic infection.


Subject(s)
Female Urogenital Diseases/microbiology , Mycoplasma Infections/microbiology , Mycoplasma hominis/genetics , Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Genetic Variation , Genome, Bacterial , Humans , Inflammation/microbiology , Middle Aged , Mycoplasma hominis/classification , Recurrence
19.
Mol Gen Mikrobiol Virusol ; (4): 33-5, 2000.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11186458

ABSTRACT

Fifteen strains of M. hominis isolated from patients with urogenital inflammations were analyzed. Variations in the quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDR) have been found in fluoroquinolone-resistant M. hominis clinical isolates in comparison with the reference PG21 strain. In one isolate, parC had Asn substitute at position 91.


Subject(s)
Anti-Infective Agents/pharmacology , DNA Topoisomerases, Type II/genetics , Drug Resistance, Microbial/genetics , Mycoplasma hominis/drug effects , Base Sequence , DNA Gyrase , DNA Primers , DNA Topoisomerase IV , Fluoroquinolones , Mycoplasma hominis/genetics
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