ABSTRACT
Introdução: O café é uma das bebidas mais apreciadas e consumidas no mundo, por suas características organolépticas e efeito estimulante. Pelos potenciais efeitos na saúde causados por esta bebida surgiu, desde cedo, o interesse da comunidade científica. Como ainda ha controvérsias a respeito do café quanto aos seus reais efeitos, justifica-se este estudo em voluntários saudáveis e consumidores habituais de café. Objetivo: Comparar o consumo de dois diferentes graus de torras de café (torra média e escura) em 3 tipos de café: 100% arábica, blend e blend descafeinado e seus efeitos sobre o perfil metabólico em indivíduos saudáveis. Métodos: Em estudo prospectivo, foram avaliados 70 indivíduos sem qualquer doença associada, sendo 50 mulheres, com idade média de 47 ± 12 anos. Durante o período de seguimento no estudo, os voluntários que preencheram os critérios de inclusão, assinaram o Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido e iniciaram no estudo, que teve um total de 77 dias. Cada voluntário realizou quatro visitas (T0, T1, T2 e T3). Primeiramente, os participantes foram randomizados para cada tipo de café: 100% arábica, blend ou blend descafeinado. Depois uma nova randomização foi feita para estabelecer a ordem de consumo dos dois graus de torra (média e escura), num estudo do tipo crossover. Na visita T0, o participante foi orientado a parar a ingestão do café ou qualquer alimento fonte de cafeína por 21 dias. Na visita T1 foram randomizados para iniciar o consumo de café filtrado primeiro com um tipo de torra (torra média ou torra escura) por 4 semanas e então com "crossover" para o outro tipo (visita T2), com um período total de 8 semanas de consumo de café. O café foi fornecido aos pacientes, sendo do mesmo tipo, do mesmo produtor e com a forma de preparo padronizada e consumo diário de café de 450-600 ml/dia. Após período de "washout" (basal) e após cada período de tomada de café por tipo de torra, os pacientes foram submetidos...
Introduction: Coffee is one of the most popular beverages in the world. Given its high consumption, potential health effects caused by this beverage brought the interest of the scientific community. Considering the current knowledge and controversies about drinking coffee daily, justifies this study in healthy volunteers and habitual coffee drinkers. Objectives: To compare the consumption of two different coffee roasts degrees (medium and dark roast) on 3 types of coffee: 100% arabic, blend and decaffeinated blend coffee and its effects on metabolic profile in healthy subjects. Results: 70 healthy subjects, age 47 ± 12 years old participated in the trial. Most subjects were female (71,4%). This randomized crossover clinical trial lasted 77 days. All the volunteers performed four visits (T0 - T1 - T2 -T3). In the visits, the participants had blood samples taken, held clinical examinations and nutritional evaluation, aside from receiving orientation. Randomly, participants should drink 100% Arabic, blend coffee or decaffeinated coffee. Then, in a second stage, again randomly, volunteers were draw to see which roast they would start drinking. In T0, subjects were oriented to stop consuming all the foods and beverages, which contained coffee or caffeine for 21 days. In T1 subjects start consuming medium or dark roast paper-filtered coffee for 4 weeks. In T2 they start the other roast for another additional 4 weeks. In T3, subjects stopped the coffee consumption, thus the study was completed. Participants received the coffee powder according to randomization criteria previously described. It is the same kind of coffee from the same producer and way to prepare. The coffee daily consumption were between 450 -600 ml. After "washout" period and after each period drinking coffee, all the subjects had sample bloods taken, to assess total cholesterol and fractions, triglycerides, glycaemia, homocisteine, acid folic and anthropometric (weight and BMI - body...
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Cardiovascular Diseases , Cholesterol , Coffee , Healthy Volunteers , Homocysteine , Lipid MetabolismABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of medium light roast (MLR) and medium roast (MR) paper-filtered coffee on cardiovascular risk factors in healthy volunteers. METHODS: This randomized crossover trial compared the effects of consuming three or four cups (150 mL) of MLR or MR coffee per day for 4 wk in 20 healthy volunteers. Plasma lipids, lipoprotein(a) (Lp[a]), total homocysteine, and endothelial dysfunction-related inflammation biomarkers, serum glycemic biomarkers, and blood pressure were measured at baseline and after each intervention. RESULTS: Both roasts increased plasma total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) concentrations (10%, 12%, and 18% for MLR; 12%, 14%, and 14% for MR, respectively) (P < 0.05). MR also increased high-density lipoportein-cholesterol concentration by 7% (P = 0.003). Plasma fibrinogen concentration increased 8% after MR intake (P = 0.01), and soluble E-selectin increased 12% after MLR intake (P = 0.02). No changes were observed for Lp(a), total homocysteine, glycemic biomarkers, and blood pressure. CONCLUSION: Moderate paper-filtered coffee consumption may have an undesirable effect on plasma cholesterol and inflammation biomarkers in healthy individuals regardless of its antioxidant content.
Subject(s)
Biomarkers/blood , Cholesterol/blood , Coffee/adverse effects , Inflammation/metabolism , Adult , Blood Glucose/analysis , Blood Pressure , Cardiovascular Diseases/physiopathology , Coffee/chemistry , Cross-Over Studies , E-Selectin/blood , Female , Fibrinogen/metabolism , Filtration , Food Handling , Healthy Volunteers , Homocysteine/blood , Humans , Inflammation/physiopathology , Lipoprotein(a)/blood , Male , Middle Aged , Risk Factors , Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1/bloodABSTRACT
We compared the effects of medium light roast (MLR) and medium roast (MR) paper-filtered coffee on antioxidant capacity and lipid peroxidation in healthy volunteers. In a randomized crossover study, 20 volunteers consumed 482 ± 61 ml/day of MLR or MR for four weeks. Plasma total antioxidant status (TAS), oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), oxidized LDL and 8-epi-prostaglandin F2α, erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT) activity were measured at baseline and after the interventions. MLR had higher chlorogenic acids-(CGA; 334 mg/150 mL) and less caffeine (231 mg/150 ml) than MR had (210 and 244 mg/150 ml, respectively). MLR also had fewer Maillard reaction products (MRP) than MR had. Compared with baseline, subjects had an increase of 21 and 26 % in TAS, 13 and 13 % in CAT, 52 and 75 % in SOD, and 62 and 49 % in GPx after MLR and MR consumption (P < 0.001), respectively. ORAC increased after MLR (P = 0.004). No significant alteration in lipid peroxidation biomarkers was observed. Both coffees had antioxidant effects. Although MLR contained more CGA, there were similar antioxidant effects between the treatments. MRP may have contributed as an antioxidant. These effects may be important in protecting biological systems and reducing the risk of diseases related to oxidative stress.
