MICROBIOCENOSIS IN INFLAMMATORY PROCESSES OF MARGINAL GUM AMONG CHILDREN.

INTRODUCTION: The development of gingivitis among children remains actual problem in modern dentistry due to high prevalence, disorders of dental-alveolar functions and development of parodontium diseases at the older age. The microorganisms occupying dental chamfer play the leading role in parodontium tissues damage. AIM: Research of microbial spectrum of dental chamfer and assessment of etiology significances of the revealed microorganisms in gingivitis among children of school age. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Bacteriological research of dental chamfer in 30 children of secondary school age with gingivitis of slight and severe level. Inoculations have been done on the chocolate agar incubated in air-locked containers with gas generators for anaerobic atmosphere "GENbag Anaer" and inoculations on bloody gemagar--with gas generators for microaerophiles "GENbag Microaer" (bioMerieux) within 24-48 hours. Infections were precipitated out on the Saburo medium. Identification of discharged cultures was carried out on the microbialogic evaluator "Vitek II Compact" (bioMerieux). RESULTS: Microflora of dental chamfer in the examined children has been presented by three groups of microorganisms: gram-positive cocci (63.3%), gram-negative nonfermentative bacteriums (63.3%) and yeast Candida fungus (30%). Among gram-postitive cocci representatives of normal microflora of oral cavity Streptococcus oralis (26.6%) were dominated. Neisseria (N. sicca, cinerea et animaloris) were dominated most often in the group of gram-negative nonfermentative bacteriums (23.3% of children), yeast Candida fungus have been presented by two kinds--C. dubliensis (at 20% of children) and C. albicans (at 10%). The mean content of all discharged microorganisms has compounded 5,7 Ig KOE that supposes their etiology role in development of marginal gum inflammation. CONCLUSIONS: Received results showed us some mechanisms of development of inflammatory diseases of parodontium tissues which will allow us to develop new approaches of treatment and gingivitis prevention among children of school age.

[Influence of neuroendocrine complexes on metabolic processes under exposure to emotional stress factors]. / Vliianie neiroéndokrinnykh kompleksov na metabolicheskie protsessy pri vozdeistvii émotsional'nykh stress-faktorov.

One of the mechanisms underlying cardiac disease caused by stress is disorder of lipid metabolism, resulting from excessive increase of adaptive lipotropic effect of stress reaction.

[Contemporary variants of occupational diseases]. / Sovremennye formy professional'nykh zabolevanii.

Contemporary forms of occupational diseases are often characterized by many body systems involved, with response of specific and nonspecific effects. Due to observed transformation in character and course of the main occupational entities, specifying the new clinical classifications, new "List of Occupational Diseases" adapted to ICD-10, by specialists remains topical.

Genetic-biochemical criteria for individual sensitivity in development of occupational bronchopulmonary diseases.

Human individual sensitivity to health-hazardous occupational factors and probability of developing chronic lung diseases depend on genetic variation of serum and erythrocytic proteins. The present work was aimed at studying the phenotypes of serum and erythrocytic proteins in patients with occupational respiratory diseases. We studied 7 highly polymorphic genetic systems the varieties of which may be connected with development of bronchopulmonary pathology (BPP) and the immune status of the body: proteinase inhibitor (Pi), third component of the complement (C3), transferrin (Tf), group-specific component of blood serum (Gc), haptoglobin (Hp), erythrocytic glyoxalase (Glo) and phosphoglucomutase (PGM) in patients with chronic bronchitis, silicosis, occupational bronchial asthma and in the control group consisting of Moscow population not exposed to occupational hazards and apparently healthy workers of an engineering plant. Considerable differences were revealed in genetic structure of the patients with bronchopulmonary pathology as compared with the apparently healthy people along a series of Integrated system: proteinase inhibitor (Pi), C3, Tf, Gc, PGM. Comparison of the study groups by significant differences in the aggregate of the genetic information obtained suggests that 5 (HP, C3, Tf, Pl, PGM1) of the 7 studied systems showed the hereditary features of silicosis. The gene carriers Hp*2, C3*F, PGM1*2-, TF*D, GC*R due to peculiar biochemical processes appear to have less adaptive potentialities and a greater likelihood of the disease on exposure to industrial factors. The examined patients with chronic bronchitis showed an increase in the variant of GC*2 and of a rare variants of proteins GC*R and Pi*S, the patients with occupational bronchial asthma showed an increase in the variant of Hp*2 and of a rare variant Pi*S. Such studies could be useful for assessment and forecast of individual risk of occupational diseases.

[Some features of gastric disorders in occupational diseases]. / Nekotorye osobennosti patologii zheludka pri professional'nykh zabolevaniiakh.

Some features were revealed after study of 185 patients with various occupational diseases: chronic lead intoxication, bronchial asthma, and disorders caused by fluor. Considering polyetiology and nonspecificity of gastric diseases, the authors could not determine the changes revealed as caused only by occupational exposure.

[The probability of impaired health in workers exposed to occupational hazards]. / Veroiatnost' narusheniia zdorov'ia rabotaiushchikh on vozdeistviia neblagopriiatnykh faktorov trudovogo protsessa.

Complex descriptive, physiologic and hygienic studies covered various occupational groups of physical and mental work and revealed that health disorders probability depends on intensity of occupational factors. Increase in the intensity results in higher physiologic expenditure and greater incidence of occupational diseases. Symptoms of disorders appeared to depend on specificity of occupational factors.

[Features of respiratory diseases in ecologically unfavorable region]. / Osobennosti bronkholegochnoi patologii v regione ékologicheskogo neblagopoluchiia.

Examination of 400 workers in Bratsk aluminium plant proved respiratory diseases formation to be influenced by both occupational factors and various toxic chemicals that are released into atmosphere by other industrial polluters. Structure of respiratory diseases is represented mainly by diffuse pneumoconiosis caused by toxic and dust factors. Prophylaxis of those diseases should be aimed not only to better work conditions, but also to specify measures improving regional ecologic situation.

[Occupational diseases of sensorimotor system in builders]. / Professional'nye zabolevaniia sensomotornoi sistemy u stroitelei.

The study covered influence of occupational factors on health state in 2 groups of workers engaged into facing (59 plasterers and 74 house painters) and matched in age, sex and length of service. Work of plasterers and house painters appeared to encounter risk of occupational sensomotor system disorders specified not only by type and hardness, but also prevalent direction of local muscular load.

[Cerebral control over locomotor function in occupational hand disease caused by local muscular overstrain]. / Tserebral'noe obespechenie dvigatel'noi funktsii pri professional'nykh zabolevaniiakh ruk ot regional'nogo myshechnogo peretruzhivaniia.

Predominant orientation of local muscular load to proximal or distal portions of shoulders and upper limbs considerably influences features of changes in brain functions and blood supply. Characteristic for plasterers, localization of myogeloses in upper part of trapezium muscles causes not only impaired vertebrobasillar circulation, but also venous cerebral stasis and caudal medullar dysfunction. Clinical symptoms are vestibular disorders, depressed functions of hearing, chronic venous cerebral congestion, posture-tonic disorders. Local loads on distal portions of limbs have other mechanisms of cerebral and peripheral disorders.

[Human biochemical profile: theoretic and practical aspects of studies and evaluation in occupational medicine]. / Biokhimicheskii profil' organizma: teoreticheskie i prakticheskie aspekty i otsenki v meditsine truda.

Biochemical reactions demonstrate not only common principles and characteristics, but also individual features that form "biochemical profile" providing both adaptive adjustability and unique responses in various individuals. Putting the advances of clinical biochemistry and molecular biology into practice expands approaches to study of occupational diseases.

[Psychophysiologic tests for early diagnosis of central nervous system's chronic exposure to organic solvents]. / Psikhofiziologicheskoe testirovanie pri rannei diagnostike khronicheskogo deistviia organicheskikh rastvoritelei na tsentral'nuiu nervnuiu sistemu.

The authors studied value of laboratory CNS tests in early diagnosis of chronic exposure to organic solvents. The tests include quantitative and qualitative evaluation of personal profile, higher psychic functions and bioelectric activity of brain. Findings are objective parameters of early CNS response to solvents--EEG signs characteristic for hypothalamic irritation, moderate diffuse increase in MMPI personal profile with secondary neurotic type and marked disorder of attention that is considerably influenced by nonspecific activating system of brain.

[Organizational and structural principles of the construction of territorial centers of occupational prophylaxis]. / Organizatsionno-strukturnye printsipy postroeniia territorial'nykh tsentrov profpatologii.

In organization-normative period of Russian occupational pathology service establishing expediently to foresee some different levels for territorial occupational pathology institutions with corresponding differentiation for three category. The appointing a category to the occupational pathology centre must be in competence of accreditive-licencive commission, which follows "On system of medical practice licencing in the part concerning occupational pathology".

[Occupational factors and reproductive disorders]. / Faktory proizvodstvennoi sredy i patologiia reproduktsii.

The article covers literary data and observations concerning influence of occupational factors and working environment on workers' reproductive health. The authors stress common ground of pathogenetic mechanisms underlying pathomorphosis of reproductive disorders and other symptoms caused by occupational exposure. The materials emphasize importance of reproductivity studies in workers exposed to occupational hazards, as reproductive disorders are early and gentle signs of inner imbalance.

[Occupational pathology: present and future]. / Profpatologiia (nastoiashchee i budushchee]

Formed 75 years ago, occupational pathology has defined structure of occupational morbidity, determined principles of occupational diseases' pathogenesis and pathomorphosis, demonstrated dependence of occupational entities on acting occupational hazards, described clinical manifestations of occupational diseases, emphasized informative diagnostic complexes. Diagnosis in occupational pathology now is established on basis of etiology. Manifold activities helped to form a system preventing health disorders caused by occupational hazards. Topical problem is to elaborate and put into practice some criteria for compensation of occupational damage with differential expert assessment of functional disorders caused either by occupational disease or by general one. Prospective trend could be to create a system organizing and managing workers' health on workplace and to put "protection by time" principle into practice with forecasting risk of occupational diseases and dose-effect dependence. Another prospect is to elaborate and put into practice a training in social and psychologic adaptation for occupational managers and industrial workers.

[Genetic aspects of silicosis: polymorphic gene distribution frequency]. / Geneticheskie aspekty silikoza: osobennosti raspredeleniia chastot polimorfnykh genov.

Electrophoresis and isoelectrofocusing were used to study polymorphism by 7 genetic loci: haptoglobin (Hp), proteinase inhibitor (PI), transferrin (TF), Vitamin D-transporting protein (GC), complement 3 (C3), phosphoglucomutase 1 (PGM1) and glyoxalase (GLO1) in 60 patients with silicosis and in 70 apparently healthy workers of the Dynamo plant. Comparison of the study groups by significant differences in the summary of the genetic information obtained suggests that 5 (Hp, C3, TF, PI, PGM1) of the 7 studied systems showed the hereditary features of silicosis. The gene carriers Hp*2, C3*F, PGM1*2-, PI*M1, TF*C1, TF*C16 TF*D, GC*R due to peculiar biochemical processes appear to have less adaptive potentialities and a greater likelihood of the disease on exposure to industrial factors.

[The problem of genetic-biochemical basis of individual sensitivity in occupational medicine]. / Problema genetiko-biokhimicheskikh osnov individual'noi chuvstvitel'nosti v meditsine truda.

Human sensitivity to various factors of occupational environment (toxic chemicals, aerosols with mostly fibrogenic effects, etc.) depends on individual hereditary features determining adaptation or dysadaptation with subsequent disease. Studies of propensity and resistance in individuals exposed to occupational hazards should cover analysis of genetic basis for polymorphism in certain biochemical systems determining relationships between hazards detoxication and activation, DNA alteration and repair.

[Physiological and clinical disorders in muscular work depending on factors of work process]. / Fiziologo-klinicheskie narusheniia pri myshechnoi rabote v zavisimosti ot faktorov trudovogo protsessa.

Clinical and physiologic studies covered 26 occupational groups engaged into physical work and revealed that physiologic value of muscular work is a function of quantitative parameters, intensity and duration of work. Physiologic value of the work appeared to correlate with morbidity structure.