[The estimation of correlation dependences between the results of clinical examination and screening diagnostics of the risk factors of the development of cardiovascular diseases in the women of late reproductive age].

The results of clinical trials give evidence of the close correlation between the data obtained by clinical, biochemical, and instrumental methods and the data of screening studies designed to estimate the risk factors responsible for the development of cardiovascular diseases in the women of late reproductive age.

[The comparative efficacy of methods for the cryo-electropulse therapy of osteoarthrosis patients]. / Sravnitel'naia éffektivnost' metodov krioélektroimpul'snoi terapii bol'nykh osteoartrozom.

Comparative trials of two methods of cryoelectroimpulse therapy in combination with kinesitherapy and massage performed in 132 patients with osteoarthritis (OA) demonstrated that both methods relieve pain syndrome, improve peripheral circulation, condition of the neuromuscular system. Overall course effectiveness of parallel use of cryotherapy and transcutaneous electroneurostimulation (cryo-TCENS) combined with exercise and massage was found less than that of cryotherapy and sinusoidal modulated currents (cryoamplipulsetherapy). However, the effect of a single cryo-TCENS procedure was rather high. This may be explained by a labile technique which allows impact on the most painful (trigger) zones in OA patients. Thus, cryo-TCENS should be applied in short courses (maximum 6 procedures) or in single impacts in severe OA pain while cryoamplipulstherapy is more effective in courses consisting of 10-12 procedures.

[The action of neural transplantation on the brain of rats with a damaged temporal cortex]. / Deistvie neirotransplantatsii na mozg krys s povrezhdennoi visochnoi koroi.

Possibilities of transplantation of embryonic brain tissue into the left temporal cortex of the host brain damaged by kainic acid (KA) were investigated. In the group of rats with KA-damaged temporal cortex tissue necrosis and considerable destructions in some structures far from the temporal cortex were revealed. The contralateral hemisphere also had greater area of sections than ipsilateral hemisphere in this group. In the group of rats with viable transplants (T) from E-21 in the temporal cortex damaged by KA the destructions in the same structures and hemisphere asymmetry were negligible, that evidenced for a positive effect of neural transplantation. T from E-15 after its implantation into the cortex of the host brain were pushed out from the cortex on the surface of the brain. These T caused intensification of the negative effect of the KA influence. It was supposed that viable T in the area of the damaged cortex inactivated exciting mediators in this region and also perhaps substituted partly damaged cortex after T had formed connections with the host brain.

[Localization of sources of thalamic inputs into the sensomotor area of the cerebral cortex of the rabbit using the technic of retrograde axonal transport of horseradish peroxidase]. / Lokalizatsiia istochnikov talamicheskikh vkhodov v sensomotornuiu oblast' kory mozga krolika s ispol'zovaniem metoda retrogradnogo aksonnogo transporta peroksidazy khrena.

A horseradish peroxidase study has shown that the rabbit sensorimotor cortex received afferent fibres from the neurons, located in specific, nonspecific and associative thalamic nuclei. The location, form and size of the somata of relay cells were analyzed in these nuclei. The total number of cells of the origin of thalamo-sensorimotor-cortical fibres was calculated and the coordinates of the loci with maximal density were determined. Among the relay cells the most abundant ones appeared to be multipolar neurons (12-20 micron in size) and stellate cells (10-15 micron). Among the specific nuclei most of afferent fibres originated from n. ventralis lateralis, n. ventralis anterior and n. anterior ventralis; a comparable number of fibres originated from n. medialis dorsalis and n. paracentralis that had much more labelled cells than other associative and nonspecific nuclei, respectively. It is supposed that the afferentation from many thalamic nuclei is essential for the sensorimotor cortex to participate in thalamocortical interactions.

[Callosal neurons: monosynaptic connection between them and their descending projections]. / Kallozal'nye neirony: monosinapticheskaia sviaz' mezhdu nimi i ikh niskhodiashchie proektsii.

Antidromic and monosynaptic unit responses to the stimulation of the corpus callosum and the symmetrical cortical area as well as antidromic responses to pyramidal tract and thalamic nuclei stimulation were recorded in the sensorimotor cortex of unanaesthetized rabbits. Out of 182 callosal neurones 13 exhibited transcallosal monosynaptic responses. 8 out of 56 callosal units responded antidromically to pyramidal tract or thalamic stimulation. Thus callosal neurones may be monosynaptically excited by callosal units via the corpus callosum and by the pyramidal tract units. It was also found that a pyramidal tract neurone may send a collateral through the corpus callosum and at the same time have a transcallosal monosynaptic input. The role of monosynaptic transcallosal excitation of callosal neurones is discussed.

[Characteristics of monosynaptic connections between neurons of the callosal system and specific thalamic nuclei]. / Kharakteristika monosinapticheskikh sviazei mezhdu neironami kallozal'noi sistemy i spetsificheskimi iadrami talamusa.

In the sensorimotor cortex of awake rabbits monosynaptic afferent and efferent connections of callosal neurons (CN) with ipsilateral specific thalamic nuclei (ventral posterolateral, ventral posteromedial, ventral lateral and anteroventral nuclei) were analyzed by electrophysiological method and compared with those of target-units of callosal fibres (TU). It was demonstrated that CN and TU differed in their monosynaptic inputs from the thalamus and in their axons projecting to these structures and/or being a part of the pyramidal tract. These differences were the following: a greater portion of TU had the descending projections (54%) as compared with CN (14%); 22% of TU responded by monosynaptic action potentials to the stimulation of specific thalamic nuclei, while CN never manifested such responses. TU could project to the thalamus through the main axon stem as well as through the collaterals of the pyramidal tract axons. It is supposed that the discovered differences evidence for the much greater convergence of the thalamic relay neuron effect on TU, thus revealing the mechanism underlying the differences both in receptive field properties and in the background and evoked activity of CN and neurons synaptically excited in response to the transcallosal stimulation.

[Modular organization of callosal neurons in the sensomotor area of the cerebral cortex in the rabbit]. / Modul'naia organizatsiia kallozal'nykh neironov v sensomotornoi oblasti kory mozga krolika.

The density of distribution of callosal neurons in rabbit sensorimotor cortex was studied by means of horseradish peroxidase injection into the homotopic cortical area. The irregularity of density was evaluated visually and/or computed. Labelled callosal units were mostly small and medium-size pyramidal cells located primarily in layer III-IV and more rarely in layers V and VI. Layer III-IV revealed different patterns of labelled units grouping: in pairs, in 5-8 vertically situated cells, in clusters 120-200 micron wide, separated by areas with decreased density. The obtained results confirm previously made conclusion based on electrophysiological studies about the modular organization of callosal connections in sensorimotor cortex of rabbits.