Characteristics of computed tomography perfusion parameters in non-small-cell-lung-cancer and its relationship to histology, size, stage an treatment response.

OBJECTIVES: To analyze computed tomography perfusion (CTP) parameters in NSCLC. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Prospective study, 152 patients with NSCLC. CTP parameters were correlated with histology, stage, size and response to conventional chemotherapy/radiotherapy. RESULTS: Neuroendocrine tumours presented higher BV (p 0.002). Negative correlation of PMB (p 0.003) and positive of MTT (p 0.046) with T stage was found. BF showed negative correlation with size. No differences were found with the RECIST levels of response to chemotherapy/radiotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: CTP parameters were highly variable. Neuroendocrine tumours presented higher BV and PMB values. Perfusion parameters do not differ depending on the stage and do not predict response to treatment.

Quantitative myocardial perfusion with stress dual-energy CT: iodine concentration differences between normal and ischemic or necrotic myocardium. Initial experience.

OBJECTIVES: To determine whether the quantification of iodine with stress dual-energy computed tomography (DECT-S) allows for the discrimination between a normal and an ischemic or necrotic myocardium using magnetic resonance (MR) as a reference. METHODS: This retrospective study was approved by the institutional review board, with waiver of informed consent. Thirty-six cardiac MR and DECT-S images from patients with suspected coronary artery disease were evaluated. Perfusion defects were visually determined, and myocardial iodine concentration was calculated by two observers using DECT colour-coded iodine maps. Iodine concentration differences were calculated using parametric tests. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was conducted to estimate the optimal iodine concentration threshold for discriminating pathologic myocardium. RESULTS: In total, 576 cardiac segments were evaluated. There were differences in mean iodine concentration (p < 0.001) between normal (2.56 ± 0.66 mg/mL), ischemic (1.98 ± 0.36 mg/dL) and infarcted segments (1.35 ± 0.57 mg/mL). A myocardium iodine concentration of 2.1 mg/mL represented the optimal threshold to discriminate between normal and pathologic myocardium (sensitivity 75 %, specificity 73.6 %, area under the curve 0.806). Excellent agreement was found in measured myocardium iodine concentration (intraclass correlation coefficient 0.814). CONCLUSION: Cardiac DECT-S with iodine quantification may be useful to differentiate healthy and ischemic or necrotic myocardium. KEY POINTS: • DECT-S allows for determination of myocardial iodine concentration as a quantitative perfusion parameter. • A high interobserver correlation exists in measuring myocardial iodine concentration with DECT-S. • Myocardial iodine concentration may be useful in the assessment of patients with CAD.

Benign soft-tissue lesions of the fingers: radiopathological correlation and clinical considerations.

Soft-tissue lesions of the fingers are commonly found in daily clinical practice. A wide range of tumors and pseudotumors have been described in this location, and the majority of them are benign. Ganglion cysts are the most common entity, and the localized type of tenosynovial giant cell tumors are the most frequent solid condition. Both may be easily recognized owing to their typical clinical and radiological characteristics. However, categorization of the spectrum of soft-tissue lesions of the fingers remains limited, despite imaging development, and many patients undergo surgery before radiological or histological diagnosis. Clinical history, radiographic features, and ultrasound and magnetic resonance patterns may help in obtaining the correct diagnosis or reducing the list of differential diagnoses. Radiologists should be familiar with imaging findings so that they can determine the size, extension, and affected neighboring anatomical structures, and provide information that allows adequate presurgical counseling.