ABSTRACT
Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar o acolhimento de enfermagem à pessoa com transtorno mental na Rede de Atenção Primária no município de Joinville/SC. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa com os enfermeiros atuantes em Unidades Básicas de Saúde. A análise dos dados trouxe duas categorias temáticas: acolhimento e sua relação com escuta qualificada às pessoas e os desafios no atendimento. Também abordou-se o preparo profissional e a prática de atividades em rede de saúde. Conclui-se que a atuação do enfermeiro melhora o manejo da pessoa com transtorno mental por meio de comunicação terapêutica e as modificações relacionadas ao cuidado do sofrimento mental.
This study aimed to identify the nursing embracement of people with mental disorders in the Primary Care Network in the city of Joinville/SC. This is a qualitative approach study with nurses working in Basic Health Units. Data analysis presented two thematic categories: embracement and its relation with the qualified listening to the people and the challenges in attendance. Professional preparation and the practice of activities in the health network were also addressed. It is concluded that the role of nurses improves the management of people with mental disorders through therapeutic communication and the changes related to care of mental suffering.
Este estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar la recepción de enfermería de personas con trastornos mentales en la Red de Atención Primaria en la ciudad de Joinville/SC. Se trata de una investigación cualitativa con enfermeros que actúan en Unidades Básicas de Salud. El análisis de los datos presentó dos categorías temáticas: la recepción y su relación con la atención a las personas y los desafíos en la atención. También se abordó la preparación profesional y la práctica de actividades en la red de salud. Se concluye que el papel de las enfermeras en el manejo de las personas con trastornos mentales a través de la terapia terapéutica y como mejora en el cuidado del sufrimiento psíquico.
Subject(s)
Mental Health , User Embracement , Health Services AccessibilityABSTRACT
Objective: To analyze health professionals' perception when caring for cancer patients in Pediatric Palliative Care (PPC). Methods: This is an integrative literature review carried out on LILACS, MEDLINE/PubMed, BNDENF Nursing, IBECS and SciELO, databases in the period between January 2015 and January 2022 using the terms Palliative Care and Pediatric Oncology. After selection criteria, 14 national articles were analyzed to answer the following question: What is the nursing professionals' perception when caring for cancer patients receiving PPC? Results: We found the perception of care which should be adaptable to the family's social life, values and habits arises through the palliative care plan to facilitate decision-making. Assistance is related to adaptability, bonding, feeling of gratitude, playing to promote development and communication with the patient. And, the challenges relate to the feeling of powerlessness in the face of death and the difficulty of separating personal life from professional life. Conclusion: Health professionals' perception when caring for cancer patients receiving PPC concerns three aspects: care assistance, the perception of nursing care and its inherent challenges in the process.
Objetivo: Analizar la percepción de los profesionales de salud al cuidar de pacientes con cáncer en Cuidados Paliativos Pediátricos (CPP's). Métodos: Se trata de revisión Integrativa de la literatura realizada en las bases de datos LILACS, MEDLINE/PubMed, BNDENF Enfermería, IBECS y SciELO, en búsqueda hecha entre enero de 2015 y enero de 2022, utilizando los términos Cuidados Paliativos y Oncología Pediátrica. Pasados criterios de selección, fueron analizados 14 artículos nacionales pararesponder a la siguiente pregunta: ¿Cuál la percepción de los profesionales de enfermería al cuidar de pacientes con cáncer bajo CPP? Resultados: Se encontró la percepción sobre los cuidados que deben ser adaptables a la vida social, valores y hábitos de la familia , que surgen por medio del plano de cuidado paliativo para facilitar la toma de decisiones. La asistencia se relaciona a la adaptabilidad, al vínculo, sentimiento de gratitud, al juego para promover desarrollo y a la comunicación con el paciente. Y, los retos se relacionan con los sentimientos de impotencia ante la muerte y la dificultad de separar personal y profesional. Conclusión: La percepción de los profesionales de salud al cuidar de pacientes con cáncer en CPP's está relacionada a três aspectos: la atención al cuidado, la percepción de la atención de la enfermería y sus retos inherente al proceso.
ABSTRACT
Maple Syrup Urine Disease (MSUD) is biochemically characterized by elevated levels of leucine, isoleucine and valine, as well as their corresponding transaminated branched-chain α-keto acids in tissue and biological fluids. Neurological symptoms and cerebral abnormalities, whose mechanisms are still unknown, are typical of this metabolic disorder. In the present study, we evaluated the early effects (1 h after injection) and long-term effects (15 days after injection) of a single intracerebroventricular administration of α-ketoisocaproic acid (KIC) on oxidative stress parameters and cognitive and noncognitive behaviors. Our results showed that KIC induced early and long-term effects; we found an increase in TBARS levels, protein carbonyl content and DNA damage in the hippocampus, striatum and cerebral cortex both one hour and 15 days after KIC administration. Moreover, SOD activity increased in the hippocampus and striatum one hour after injection, whereas after 15 days, SOD activity decreased only in the striatum. On the other hand, KIC significantly decreased CAT activity in the striatum one hour after injection, but 15 days after KIC administration, we found a decrease in CAT activity in the hippocampus and striatum. Finally, we showed that long-term cognitive deficits follow the oxidative damage; KIC induced impaired habituation memory and long-term memory impairment. From the biochemical and behavioral findings, it we presume that KIC provokes oxidative damage, and the persistence of brain oxidative stress is associated with long-term memory impairment and prepulse inhibition.
Subject(s)
Behavior, Animal/drug effects , Cognition/drug effects , Keto Acids/administration & dosage , Keto Acids/pharmacology , Oxidative Stress/drug effects , Animals , Avoidance Learning/drug effects , Catalase/metabolism , Injections, Intraventricular , Male , Maple Syrup Urine Disease/psychology , Memory Disorders/chemically induced , Memory Disorders/psychology , Protein Carbonylation , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Reflex, Startle/drug effects , Superoxide Dismutase-1/metabolism , Swimming/psychology , Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances/metabolismABSTRACT
Hereditary fructose intolerance is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by the accumulation of fructose in tissues and biological fluids of patients. The disease results from a deficiency of aldolase B, responsible for metabolizing fructose in the liver, kidney, and small intestine. We investigated the effect of acute fructose administration on oxidative stress and neuroinflammatory parameters in the cerebral cortex of 30-day-old Wistar rats. Animals received subcutaneous injection of sodium chloride (0.9 %) (control group) or fructose solution (5 µmol/g) (fructose group). One hour later, the animals were euthanized and the cerebral cortex was isolated. Oxidative stress (levels of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBA-RS), carbonyl content, nitrate and nitrite levels, 2',7'-dihydrodichlorofluorescein (DCFH) oxidation, glutathione (GSH) levels, as well as the activities of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)) and neuroinflammatory parameters (TNF-α, IL-1ß, and IL-6 levels and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity) were investigated. Acute fructose administration increased levels of TBA-RS and carbonyl content, indicating lipid peroxidation and protein damage. Furthermore, SOD activity increased, whereas CAT activity was decreased. The levels of GSH, nitrate, and nitrite and DCFH oxidation were not altered by acute fructose administration. Finally, cytokines IL-1ß, IL-6, and TNF-α levels, as well as MPO activity, were not altered. Our present data indicate that fructose provokes oxidative stress in the cerebral cortex, which induces oxidation of lipids and proteins and changes of CAT and SOD activities. It seems therefore reasonable to propose that antioxidants may serve as an adjuvant therapy to diets or to other pharmacological agents used for these patients, to avoid oxidative damage to the brain.
