Prevalence of otitis media with effusion among primary school age-children and etiopathogenic examination.

A prevalence study was carried out in order to look into the etiopathogenic relation of otitis media with effusion (OME) in primary school-age children. The study included ENT examination and a questionnaire that was carried out in 4 randomly selected schools on 1,165 children. 143 of the cases (12.2%) had OME. A significant relation between OME and adenoid vegetation was found (P<0.01) while no significant relation between EOM and recurrent tonsillitis and allergic rhinitis was found (P>0.05). As a result, OME is a common disease that can lead to other hard-to-cure health problems and be costly if etiopathogenic factors are not resolved on time.

Myeloperoxydase activity in the pathogenesis of cholesteatoma.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of myeloperoxydase (MPO) in bone destruction in patients of chronic otitis media (COM) with cholesteatoma by immtino-histochemical staining and to conclude the possible relationship between bone destruction in patients with cholesteatoma accompanied with COM and MPO activity. METHODS: The study was conducted on a total number of 81 patients where 51 of the patients were enrolled in the "patient group" and 30 of the patients were enrolled in the "control group" whom were operated due to otitis media. MPO positivism was monitored when a cytoplasmic staining process was performed. RESULTS: Meanwhile, a significant difference is present at a statistically advanced level between the MPO levels of groups (p = 0.001; p < 0.01). However, MPO activity is absent in patients included in the control group or it can be observed at a very slight level. A moderate level or intense level of activity can be observed in patients enrolled in the study group. Excluding the destruction at the dura, all findings related with the middle ear and the erosion of the mastoid cavity and MPO activity indicated a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05). According to the destruction at the wall of the dura bone, distribution of MPO activity did not display a statistically meaningful difference (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: In this study, we investigated the relationship between MPO level and bone destruction and found a significant level of correlation among the fore said. A new era may be opened in the treatment of cholesteatoma when preoperative MPO levels are determined and adequate information is obtained related with bone erosion.

Prevalence of adenoid hypertrophy and nocturnal enuresis in primary school children in Istanbul, Turkey.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to investigate the prevalence of an existing relationship between adenoid hypertrophy and nocturnal enuresis in primary school children. METHODS: The study was performed in four primary schools that were chosen randomly in Kartal, Istanbul. The children's parents were asked to fill out a questionnaire that included questions concerning the associated symptoms of adenoid hypertrophy and nocturnal enuresis. The interrelations between adenoid hypertrophy and nocturnal enuresis items were examined by X2 tests. RESULTS: The study population consisted of 1132 (625 girls, 621 boys) primary school children between 5 and 14 years of age (mean 9.59+/-2.60 years). The children were divided into three groups with 5-7 years old children in Group I (n=232), 8-10 years old children in Group II (n=506) and 11-14 years old children in Group III (n=394). Of the 1132 distributed questionnaires, 1090 (87.4%) were filled in adequately and were accepted for evaluation. Prevalence of adenoid hypertrophy in school children was found to be 58 in Group I (27%), 94 in Group II (19.5%) and 78 in Group III (19.9%). Prevalence of nocturnal enuresis in school children was found to be 35 in Group I (15.1%), 51 in Group II (10.1%) and 18 in Group III (4.6%). No statistically significant association was present between adenoid hypertrophy and nocturnal enuresis in either Group I, II or III school children. CONCLUSION: In contrast to previous studies, our prevalence study did not find an association between adenoid hypertrophy and nocturnal enuresis. Thus, this prevalence study provides otolaryngologists new and interesting information.

[Clinical signs and management strategies in thyroid masses]. / Tiroid kitlelerinde klinik bulgular ve uyguladigimiz tedavi yöntemleri.

OBJECTIVES: Patients who underwent surgery for thyroid masses were evaluated with regard to clinical symptoms, diagnostic and treatment methods, and the results of treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study included 92 patients (72 women, 20 men; mean age 45 years; range 16 to 71 years). Clinical diagnoses were based on findings of ultrasonography, thyroid function tests, thyroid scintigraphy, and fine-needle aspiration biopsy. Operations performed were near-total thyroidectomy (n=40), hemithyroidectomy (n=25), bilateral subtotal thyroidectomy (n=16), and total thyroidectomy (n=11). Patients with carcinoma associated with neck lymph node metastasis also underwent lateral, anterolateral, modified radical, or radical neck dissections. RESULTS: Postoperative histopathologic diagnoses were benign colloid nodule (n=70), papillary carcinoma (n=16), medullary carcinoma (n=2), anaplastic carcinoma (n=2), and Basedow-Graves disease (n=2). Unilateral vocal cord paralysis developed in 11 patients (11.9%), five of which persisted beyond one year follow-up. Two patients (2.2%) had transient hypocalcemia and one patient (1.1%) had postoperative hematoma. CONCLUSION: Preoperative determination of the structure and confines of thyroid masses increases success rates of surgical procedures and minimizes complication rates.

An unusual foreign body: a ball bearing in the posterior ethmoid sinus.

Globe perforation was detected in an 18-year-old male patient having total vision loss in the left eye following a car accident. The middle meatus could not be evaluated by sinonasal endoscopy because of edema. Computed tomography showed a foreign body in the left posterior ethmoid sinus, with a trajectory coursing from the globe to the lamina papyracea, and the posterior ethmoid sinus. Endoscopic sinus surgery was performed including a left uncinectomy, anterior and posterior ethmoidectomies, and the foreign body was removed from the posterior ethmoid sinus using ethmoid forceps. It turned out to be a ball bearing. After three months of follow-up, the patient had no evidence for rhinologic sequelae.