ABSTRACT
The clinical and experimental psychological methods were employed to study the structure and mechanisms of the internal picture of the disease in 305 patients afflicted with neuroses. Four varieties of the internal picture of the disease were outlined depending on the characteristics of the emotional and cognitive aspects of the disease experiencing. Each of these varieties is marked by the originality of the personality mechanisms within the "I" system, neurotic conflict, and psychological defence. The described typology of the internal picture of the disease expands the possibilities of multidimensional diagnosis aimed at differentiated therapy of neurotic patients.
Subject(s)
Neurotic Disorders/diagnosis , Adult , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Hysteria/classification , Hysteria/diagnosis , Hysteria/psychology , Male , Middle Aged , Neurasthenia/classification , Neurasthenia/diagnosis , Neurasthenia/psychology , Neurotic Disorders/classification , Neurotic Disorders/psychology , Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder/classification , Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder/diagnosis , Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder/psychology , Phobic Disorders/classification , Phobic Disorders/diagnosis , Phobic Disorders/psychology , Psychological TestsABSTRACT
Using an adapted psychologic technique, the authors considered the predominant types of therapeutic behaviour of 70 psychotherapists from the USSR and CSSR who employ methods of group psychotherapy in treating neuroses. The frequency of optimal variants of the therapeutic behaviour resorted to by psychotherapists in difficult situations arising in the course of group psychotherapy was established. Characteristic features of the therapeutic tactics used by psychotherapists from both countries are shown.
Subject(s)
Neurotic Disorders/therapy , Psychotherapy, Group/methods , Czechoslovakia , Humans , Role , USSRABSTRACT
Using clinical and experimental psychological methods a number of characteristics of the disease insight was studied in 72 patients with neuroses. An analysis of the time course of the patients' attitude to their disease and treatment has enabled the author to disclose the peculiarities of understanding the disease cause by the patients as a criterion of psychotherapy efficacy. The most characteristic variants of psychological defence in various forms of the neuroses, as well as the inner personal conflicts in the patients and their self-estimation are described. On the basis of the data obtained peculiarities of the psychotherapeutic strategy contributing to improvement of the therapy efficacy are indicated.
Subject(s)
Neurotic Disorders/psychology , Psychotherapy , Adult , Attitude to Health , Depressive Disorder/psychology , Depressive Disorder/therapy , Female , Humans , Hysteria/psychology , Hysteria/therapy , Male , Middle Aged , Neurotic Disorders/therapy , Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder/psychology , Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder/therapyABSTRACT
Using specially elaborated experimental psychological methods the author studied conditions of formation of a psychotherapeutical contact between a doctor and a patient and its influence on optimum and affective psychotherapy of neuroses. A total of 100 psychotherapeutical diads (100 patients and 11 psychoptherapeutists) were studied. On the basis of the analysis of patients' aims two types of a standard of a doctor-psychotherapeutist according to emotional attitude to a patient were depicted: "co-suffering" and "emotionally neutral", and according to volitional qualities--"directive" and "nondirective". According to a role characteristic a doctor's standard was determined in two variants--an instructor and a partner. The patients' choice of an ideal doctor correlated with certain forms of neuroses. The analysis of the material allowed one to distinguish 3 main forms of a psychotherapeutical contact. The most affective in a psychotherapeutical relation were two forms of such a contact--"co-suffering partnersnip" and "co-suffering instruction".
