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1.
Asian-Australas J Anim Sci ; 27(1): 19-23, 2014 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25049921

ABSTRACT

Here, we studied the genetic diversity of native fowls in Laos by analyzing a mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence polymorphism. A 546-bp fragment of the mtDNA D-loop region was sequenced in 129 chickens from the areas of Vientiane, Luang Prabang and Pakse. In total, 29 haplotypes were identified and formed five clades. Haplotype diversity and nucleotide diversity of the native fowls in Laos were 0.85536±0.0172 and 0.010158±0.005555, respectively. Although the Laotian native fowls were distributed across five clades, most of them were clustered in two main clades (A and B), which were originated in China. The other haplotypes were contained in clades D, F, and I, which originated from continental southeast Asia. These results suggest that multiple maternal lineages were involved in the origin of domestic chicken in Laos. Moreover, there appear to be at least two maternal lineages, one from China and the other from the southeast Asian continent.

2.
Br Poult Sci ; 54(1): 42-9, 2013.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23444853

ABSTRACT

1. The genetic architecture of the avian uncoupling protein (avUCP) was investigated and the relationship between avUCP gene expression and the amount of abdominal fat of Japanese quail was determined by quantitative real-time PCR. 2. The Japanese quail avUCP gene consists of six exons and five introns. Sequences of nucleotides and amino acids were 94·6% and 86·0% identical to those of the chicken avUCP gene, and phylogenetic analysis showed that the Japanese quail avUCP gene consists of the same clusters as the chicken and turkey avUCP. 3. Expression of the avUCP gene was significantly higher in the Pectoralis major (1·28 ± 0·24) than in the Biceps femoris (0·63 ± 0·14). 4. A positive correlation coefficient between the avUCP gene expression in the Pectoralis major and Biceps femoris was observed (r = 0·79, P = 0·02), whereas a negative correlation coefficient was observed between the abdominal fat percentage (AFP) and gene expression in both the Pectoralis major (r = -0·82, P = 0·01) and Biceps femoris (r = -0·61, P = 0·11). 5. The avUCP gene was associated with the accumulation of abdominal fat in Japanese quail and it was concluded that modulation of avUCP gene expression could be utilised to control abdominal fat accumulation in poultry.


Subject(s)
Abdominal Fat/metabolism , Avian Proteins/genetics , Coturnix/genetics , Gene Expression , Ion Channels/genetics , Mitochondrial Proteins/genetics , Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism , Amino Acid Sequence , Animals , Avian Proteins/metabolism , Base Sequence , Coturnix/anatomy & histology , Coturnix/metabolism , Ion Channels/metabolism , Mitochondrial Proteins/metabolism , Molecular Sequence Data , Phylogeny , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction , Sequence Alignment , Sequence Analysis, Protein , Uncoupling Protein 1
3.
Neuroradiology ; 42(4): 285-9, 2000 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10872174

ABSTRACT

We reviewed the CT and MRI of seven patients with primary malignant lymphoma of the maxillary sinus to find if there are characteristic imaging findings suggestive of the disease. The images were analysed for appearance, size, signal, internal characteristics, extent of tumour, bone change and lymph node enlargement. In two patients, the tumour first presented with mucosal thickening. In the remaining five, the tumours were an expansile mass 4-6 cm in diameter at the time of detection. Although it was difficult to distinguish tumour from mucosa or obstructed fluid on CT, T2-weighted MRI enabled us to separate tumour from normal mucosa or fluid. In two patients, the tumours were heterogeneous. Calcification and haemorrhage were observed in one patient. Periantral soft-tissue infiltration was always present, even when tumour appeared as slight mucosal thickening. Posterior extension was seen in all patients. Permeative and lytic bone destruction accompanied most cases of periantral soft-tissue infiltration; mixed destruction and sclerosis was also observed. Mucosal thickening with periantral soft-tissue infiltration may suggest malignant lymphoma of the maxillary sinus in its early form. Various types of bone change may accompany the periantral soft-tissue infiltration.


Subject(s)
Lymphoma/diagnosis , Maxillary Sinus Neoplasms/diagnosis , Adult , Aged , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Lymphoma/diagnostic imaging , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Maxillary Sinus Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Middle Aged , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
4.
Gene ; 176(1-2): 93-6, 1996 Oct 17.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8918238

ABSTRACT

New cosmid vectors were constructed for the ascomycete fungus, Magnaporthe grisea and the basidiomycete fungus, Ustilago maydis. These vectors are capable of transforming M. grisea at frequencies of up to 5 transformants/micrograms linear DNA and U. maydis at up to 25 transformants/microgram circular DNA for integrative transformation. In addition, 2800 transformants/microgram DNA are possible when using an autonomously replicating vector. Since the promoters used in these vectors function in other ascomycete and basidiomycete fungi, we anticipate that these vectors will be widely applicable.


Subject(s)
Ascomycota/genetics , Cosmids , Genetic Vectors , Ustilago/genetics , Base Sequence , Chromosome Walking , DNA, Bacterial , Gene Library , Molecular Sequence Data , Restriction Mapping , Transformation, Genetic
5.
Mol Gen Genet ; 251(6): 675-81, 1996 Jul 26.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8757398

ABSTRACT

The Magnaporthe grisea repeat (MGR) sequence MGR586 has been widely used for population studies of the rice blast fungus, and has enabled classification of the fungal population into hundreds of genetic lineages. While studying the distribution of MGR586 sequences in strains of M. grisea, we discovered that the plasmid probe pCB586 contains a significant amount of single-copy DNA. To define precisely the boundary of the repetitive DNA in pCB586, this plasmid and four cosmid clones containing MGR586 were sequenced. Only 740 bp of one end of the 2.6-bp insert in the pCB586 plasmid was common to all clones. DNA sequence analysis of cosmid DNA revealed that all the cosmids contained common sequences beyond the cloning site in pCB586, indicating that the repetitive DNA in the fingerprinting clone is part of a larger element. The entire repetitive element was sequenced and found to resemble an inverted repeat transposon. This putative transposon is 1.86 kb in length and has perfect terminal repeats of 42 bp, which themselves contain direct repeats of 16 bp. The internal region of the transposon possesses one open reading frame which shows similarity at the peptide level to the Pot2 transposon from M. grisea and Fot1 from Fusarium oxysporum. Hybridization studies using the entire element as a probe revealed that some strains of M. grisea, whose DNA hybridized to the pCB586 probe, entirely lacked MGR586 transposon sequences.


Subject(s)
Ascomycota/genetics , DNA Fingerprinting/methods , DNA Probes/genetics , DNA Transposable Elements/genetics , Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid/genetics , Amino Acid Sequence , Base Sequence , Cloning, Molecular , DNA, Fungal/genetics , Molecular Sequence Data , Open Reading Frames/genetics , Restriction Mapping , Sequence Analysis, DNA , Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
6.
Arch Pathol Lab Med ; 104(1): 41-5, 1980 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6892521

ABSTRACT

Atherogenicity of chemically discrete cholesterol has been questioned earlier at small doses insufficient to cause hypercholesterolemia. Long-term experiments involving large doses are hindered by the propensity of cholesterol to autoxidize in air. As an alternative, aortic lesions in mature, 1- to 3-year-old laying and hereditary nonlaying hens were studied by electron microscopy. Due to spontaneous egg yolk involution, serum cholesterol values of nonlayers were high, averaging 583 mg/dL, and triglyceride values averaged 1,777 mg/dL. Respective values in layers were 106 mg/dL and 894 mg/dL. Aortic lesions in nonlayers developed earlier and were more extensive and fatty than in layers. Lipids were stainable even in the media of grossly normal segments of aorta in nonlayers. Findings suggested an important role of inhibition of hyperlipidemic components. It is unknown, however, whether large amounts of endogenous cholesterol in serum undergo autoxidation in vivo.


Subject(s)
Aorta/pathology , Hyperlipidemias/pathology , Animals , Aorta/analysis , Chickens , Cholesterol/analysis , Female , Foam Cells , Glycosaminoglycans/analysis , Lipids/analysis , Macrophages/ultrastructure , Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/ultrastructure , Organoids/ultrastructure
7.
Tohoku J Exp Med ; 129(1): 9-16, 1979 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-227138

ABSTRACT

Coronary atherosclerosis developed in normolipemic swine fed a basal ration supplemented with 125,000 IU, 62,500 IU and 31,250 IU of vitamin D3/kg of diet for 3 months and subsequently only the basal ration for the following 3 months. Lesions consisted of intimal atheromata and calcified internal elastica and caused luminal narrowing. The incidence of atherosclerotic lesions was proportional to the vitamin D3 doses. The present experimentally induced lesions had many morphological features resembling those in coronary arteries from human subjects.


Subject(s)
Arteriosclerosis/pathology , Coronary Disease/pathology , Adult , Aged , Animals , Arteries/pathology , Arteriosclerosis/chemically induced , Calcinosis/pathology , Calcium/blood , Cholecalciferol , Cholesterol/blood , Coronary Disease/chemically induced , Coronary Vessels/pathology , Disease Models, Animal , Humans , Middle Aged , Swine
8.
Tohoku J Exp Med ; 129(1): 25-39, 1979 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-494255

ABSTRACT

The aortic endothelium in weanling swine was rubbed ten times with an inflated balloon catheter in a repeated balloon denudation. This procedure produced more drastic, extensive and uniform changes in the aortic wall than the commonly used balloon denudation. Sequential alternations of regenerating endothelium, intimal thickening and medial reaction, and the incidence of mitotic cells were studied by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Complete endothelial loss was confirmed from the descending thoracic aorta to the right femoral artery within 24 hr. By the third day, regenerated endothelium began to cover over the endothelial defect area from the uninjured areas such as the aortic arch and the orifices of branching arteries. Thrombus formation and fibromuscular intimal thickening were observed in the endothelial defect areas by the fifth and seventh days. Three types of mitotic cells, such as endothelial, intimal and medial cells were noted in the aortic wall. Mitotic endothelial and mitotic medial cells were most frequent at Day 3; the latter were closely associated with dead medial cells. Mitotic intimal cells initially appeared at Day 3 and were most frequent at Day 7. Mitotic intimal and mitotic medial cells were frequently present in the aortic wall subjacent to the endothelial defect areas containing interstitial blood components. The large numbers of mitotic aortic cells indicated that endothelial cells give rise to new endothelial cells, intimal cells to new intimal cells, and medial cells to new medial cells.


Subject(s)
Aorta/ultrastructure , Mitosis , Animals , Endothelium/ultrastructure , Male , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/ultrastructure , Swine
9.
Paroi Arterielle ; 4(4): 245-59, 1978 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-224365

ABSTRACT

Aortic, coronary and cardiac lesions were induced in swine by a hypervitaminosis D3 diet Lipid-free intimal plaques overlying focally calcified medial or internal elastica occured in the thoracic aorta, pulmonary trunk and coronary artery of swine fed a basal ration supplemented with 250,000 IU of vitamin D3/kg of diet for an induction period of 4 months. Cartilage formation with minimal calcification was initiated in the aortic valve during this period. When such animals were subsequently fed only the basal ration free of excessive vitamin D3 for 3 months, intimal plaques regressed in the aorta and pulmonary trunk but progressed in the coronary artery. The calcific deposits in the medial elastica and internal elastica of all three arteries decreased in size. Atherosclerotic intimal thickening occurred in the main coronary arteries. The most severe lesion occupied 75 p.100 of the lumen area. Multiple intimal plaques were noted in the left atrium and aortic and mitral valves. The thickened intima at these coronary and cardiac sites contained calcified elastica and collagen fibers.


Subject(s)
Cardiovascular Diseases/pathology , Cholecalciferol/toxicity , Animals , Aorta, Thoracic/ultrastructure , Aortic Diseases/pathology , Calcinosis/pathology , Coronary Disease/pathology , Coronary Vessels/ultrastructure , Heart Diseases/pathology , Microscopy, Electron , Myocardium/ultrastructure
10.
Acta Pathol Jpn ; 28(4): 555-64, 1978 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-716882

ABSTRACT

Repair processes of the aortic wall have been studied electron microscopically after removal of the endothelium by an inflated balloon procedure in the thoracic aortae of swine. Initial responses after injury included a thrombotic reaction, the appearance of intimal cells over the denuded surface, and increased mitotic activity of medial cells adjacent to the dead cells by day 3. Cells which engaged in intimal thickening were classified as modified smooth muscle cells throughout the course of this investigation. Mitosis of intimal cells, which was initially observed at day 3, substantially increased at day 7 and decreased by day 14. Mitotic intimal cells contained the same cytoplasmic organelles as interphase modified smooth muscle cells. A detailed description of the paired cisternae as an ultrastructural feature of cell division of modified smooth muscle cells was provided. The paired cisternae were initially observed among the remnants of the nuclear envelope in late prophase; they remained at the periphery of the mitotic apparatus in meta- and anaphase, and finally attached themselves to the nuclear envelope of the daughter cells in late telophase.


Subject(s)
Aorta, Thoracic/ultrastructure , Mitosis , Animals , Aorta, Thoracic/injuries , Endothelium/ultrastructure , Male , Muscle, Smooth/ultrastructure , Swine
11.
Gastroenterol Jpn ; 12(4): 305-10, 1977.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-590703

ABSTRACT

A case of botryoid sarcoma of the common bile duct in a 4-year-old girl was reported. Electron microscopic examination disclosed that the neoplasm consisted of three types of cells: polygonal, elongated, and small cells. The former two contained moderate to large amounts of poorly developed myofibriles in the cytoplasm with occasional A, I and Z-bands. The small cells contained mitochondria and dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum but few myofilaments. Deposits of glycogen granules were constant components of the neoplastic cells. Mitosis was striking in the small cells. Abnormal multilaminar endoplasmic reticulum was observed in the small cells in the mitotic stage.


Subject(s)
Bile Duct Neoplasms/ultrastructure , Common Bile Duct , Rhabdomyosarcoma/ultrastructure , Bile Duct Neoplasms/surgery , Child, Preschool , Cholecystectomy , Common Bile Duct/ultrastructure , Female , Humans , Rhabdomyosarcoma/surgery
12.
Gastroenterol Jpn ; 12(4): 311-6, 1977.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-590704

ABSTRACT

A duodenal duplication cyst in a 45-year-old male is reported. A hypotonic duodenography showed a smooth spherical defect in the descending portion of the duodenum. A fiberoptic duodenoscopy disclosed a smooth well-defined tumor which was located orally from the ampulla of Vater. A retrograde pancreatocholangiography indicated the tumor was not in communication with the pancreatic duct or biliary tract. At operation, a cystic spherical mass, 3 cm in diameter, was located in the posterior wall of the duodenum corresponding to the above described diagnosis. The combination of a greater awareness of this condition as well as improved X-ray and endoscopic techniques has made preoperative diagnosis more accurate.


Subject(s)
Cysts/congenital , Duodenal Diseases/congenital , Cysts/pathology , Cysts/surgery , Duodenal Diseases/pathology , Duodenal Diseases/surgery , Humans , Male , Middle Aged
13.
Gastroenterol Jpn ; 12(3): 241-4, 1977.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-924089

ABSTRACT

A Brunner's cyst, removed from a 54-year-old woman, was studied by light and electron microscopy. The cyst was spherical, measured 1.5 cm in diameter and was located in the duodenal bulb. Histologically, the cyst, confined in the submucosa, consisted of a single layer of epithelial cells and connective tissue. The epithelial cells were composed of an orderly array of tall columnar cells containing basal round nuclei and fine granular cytoplasm. Ultrastructurally, the epithelial cells contained many secretory granules in the cytoplasm. Each secretory granule was membrane-bound and appeared electron-lucid with a dense core. They were small and sparse around the Golgi apparatus but large and numerous in the apical region. Multinucleated cells were intermingled with cells of the epithelial lining.


Subject(s)
Brunner Glands , Cysts/ultrastructure , Duodenal Diseases/pathology , Duodenum , Brunner Glands/ultrastructure , Duodenum/ultrastructure , Female , Humans , Middle Aged
14.
Gastroenterol Jpn ; 11(1): 12-22, 1976.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-976683

ABSTRACT

Acute pancreatitis was studied by electron microscopy after retrograde infusion of either trypsin, and/or beta-glucuronidase into the canine pancreatic duct. Marked changes were induced by the mixture of trypsin and beta-glucuronidase. (1) The acinar cells were initially excavated from the acinar lumen and formed cystic bodies in themselves. The cystic bodies were then disrupted at their marginal membranes, and the acinar cells were filled with a large amount of fibrillar materials which originated from the contents of the cystic bodies. At this time, the luminal margin of the acinar cells completely disappeared. (2) The cellular organellas and the intracellular fibrillar materials in the acinar cells were discharged into the interstitial space through the disrupted basal lamina. Infection in the pancreatic ductal system was considered to play an important role in the pathogenesis of acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis.


Subject(s)
Pancreatitis/pathology , Acute Disease , Animals , Dogs , Glucuronidase , Male , Microscopy, Electron , Pancreas/ultrastructure , Pancreatitis/chemically induced , Trypsin
15.
Jpn J Surg ; 5(3): 145-52, 1975 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1228260

ABSTRACT

A case of portal hypertension secondary to traumatic hepatoportal arteriovenous fistula with portal fibrosis was successfully treated by ligation of the afferent hepatic arteries which decreased significantly portal pressure and corrected the abnormal blood inflow to the portal vein via A-V fistula resulting in a recovery of the disturbed liver function. Collateral blood supply from the left hepatic artery into the right hepatic lobe was found to be quite satisfactory after the ligation of the hepatic artery. Hemodynamic data and clinical findings of the present case suggest that the mechanism responsible for the portal hypertension is the inflow block resulting from the interruption of portal venous flow by the inflow of arterial blood via A-V fistula and the subsequent increased blood pressure in portal vein radicals.


Subject(s)
Arteriovenous Fistula/complications , Hepatic Artery , Hypertension, Portal/etiology , Portal Vein , Adult , Blood Flow Velocity , Humans , Ligation , Male , Wounds and Injuries/complications
16.
Gastroenterol Jpn ; 10(2): 132-40, 1975.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-789168

ABSTRACT

The pancreatic tissue from a patient with acute hemorrhagic necrotizing pancreatitis was studied by routine electron microscopic observation. The remarkable change was the destruction of pancreatic acinar units. 1) The acinar lumen was dilated with filling of fibrillar materials, which occasionally contained degenerated cellular components or neutrophils. 2) Accumulations of fibrillar materials were present at the periphery in the acinar cells, especially depositted thickly at the basal portion. 3) In some acinar cells, the accumulation of fibrillar materials occupied the entire acinar cell, accompanied by disappearance of luminal margin, and the intracellular fibrillar materials were mixed with acinar lumen contents. 4) The acinar units which showed above described changes had almost intact basal lamina.


Subject(s)
Pancreatitis/pathology , Acute Disease , Adult , Female , Hemorrhage/pathology , Humans , Islets of Langerhans/ultrastructure , Microscopy, Electron , Necrosis , Pancreas/ultrastructure , Pancreatic Ducts/ultrastructure
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