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1.
Rev. enferm. UERJ ; 32: e76680, jan. -dez. 2024.
Article in English, Spanish, Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1554448

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: conhecer as dificuldades elencadas pelos profissionais de saúde na assistência pré-natal às usuárias de substâncias psicoativas. Método: estudo qualitativo, exploratório-descritivo, realizado nas mídias sociais, com profissionais da área da saúde que realizam atendimento pré-natal. A coleta de dados ocorreu de novembro de 2022 a janeiro de 2023 por meio de questionário eletrônico. Os dados foram analisados por meio da análise temática. Protocolo aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Resultados: os profissionais destacam o déficit de conhecimento para abordar este público em específico. A abordagem superficial e condenatória do uso de substâncias pelas políticas públicas corrobora para que os profissionais se sintam preparados em parte para atender essas gestantes. Considerações finais: a capacitação dos profissionais é necessária para superar práticas condenatórias e retrógradas de cuidado que focam unicamente a abstinência; como também, o investimento na capacitação acerca da rede de atenção à saúde, buscando ampliar sua visibilidade e utilização.


Objective: understanding the difficulties listed by health professionals in prenatal care for users of psychoactive substances. Method: this is a qualitative, exploratory-descriptive study carried out on social media with health professionals who provide prenatal care. Data was collected from November 2022 to January 2023 using an electronic questionnaire. The data was analyzed using thematic analysis. Protocol approved by the Research Ethics Committee. Results: the professionals highlight the lack of knowledge to deal with this specific public. The superficial and condemnatory approach to substance use by public policies contributes to making professionals feel partly prepared to deal with these pregnant women. Final considerations: the training of professionals is necessary to overcome condemnatory and retrograde care practices that focus solely on abstinence; and investment in training about the health care network, seeking to increase its visibility and use.


Objetivo: conocer las dificultades mencionadas por los profesionales de la salud en la atención prenatal de las consumidoras de sustancias psicoactivas. Método: estudio cualitativo, exploratorio-descriptivo, realizado en redes sociales, con profesionales de la salud que brindan atención prenatal. La recolección de datos se llevó a cabo de noviembre de 2022 a enero de 2023 a través de un cuestionario electrónico. Los datos se analizaron mediante análisis temático. El protocolo fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética en Investigación. Resultados: los profesionales destacan que les falta el conocimiento para atender a este público específico. El abordaje superficial y condenatorio del consumo de sustancias por parte de las políticas públicas contribuye a que los profesionales se sientan parcialmente preparados para atender a esas gestantes. Consideraciones finales: es necesario capacitar a los profesionales para superar las prácticas asistenciales condenatorias y retrógradas que se centran únicamente en evitar el consumo; e invertir en capacitación sobre la red de atención de salud, para ampliar su visibilidad y uso.

2.
Rev. polis psique ; 12(2): 206-225, 2022-12-21.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, Index Psychology - journals | ID: biblio-1517509

ABSTRACT

Este artigo consiste em um relato de experiência de um estágio obrigatório em uma Delegacia de Proteção à Criança, Adolescente, Mulher e Idoso (DPCAMI), onde foi constituído um grupo operativo-reflexivo com 8 adolescentes do sexo masculino, em conflito com a lei. Os grupos eram de caráter aberto, recebendo participantes ao longo do semestre, sendo a presença destes obrigatória. Para a elaboração deste estudo, traçamos um esboço teórico que problematiza as violações de direitos que fazem da violência um efeito normativo na vida desses adolescentes, provenientes da mesma classe social. Objetiva-se com este artigo descrever e discutir as possibilidades de trabalho desenvolvidas no grupo de medidas socioeducativas de liberdade assistida. Os resultados mostraram que antes mesmo da infração, esses adolescentes estão expostos a múltiplas violências, seja pela família, pelo Estado, ou pela privação de direitos. Concluímos com este estudo que apesar de os grupos terem um importante potencial de reformular os significados, o fato de ser realizado em uma delegacia, dificulta aos adolescentes a vinculação com as propostas das oficinas. (AU)


This article is an experience report of a mandatory internship in a police station in Santa Catarina where an operative-reflective group was constituted with eight adolescents in conflict with the law. For the elaboration of this study, we problematized the violations of rights that make violence a normative effect in the lives of these adolescents. Thus, we aim with this article to describe anddiscuss the possibilities of work developed in the group of socio-educational measures of assisted freedom. The results showed that, even before the infraction, these adolescents were already exposed to multiple violence, either by the family or by the State. We have concluded that the vulnerability that crosses through the participants' bodies is burdened by social class, race and gender; and that the group, in addition to serving as a tool for accountability, showed the potential for rescue and recognition by young people of rights that are constitutionally guaranteed to them. (AU)


Este artículo es un relato de experiencia de una pasantía obligatoria en una comisaría de Santa Catarina donde se formó un grupo operativo-reflexivo con ocho adolescentes, en conflicto con la ley. Para la elaboración del estudio, discutimos las violaciones de derechos que hacen de la violencia un efecto normativo en la vida de estos adolescentes. El objetivo de este artículo es describir y discutir las posibilidades laborales desarrolladas en el conjunto de medidas socioeducativas de libertad asistida. Los resultados mostraron que, incluso antes de la infracción, estos adolescentes están expuestos a múltiples tipos de violencia, ya sea por parte de la familia o por parte del Estado. Concluimos que la vulnerabilidad que atraviesa los cuerpos de los participantes está marcada por clase social, raza y género. El grupo, además de servir como herramienta de rendición de cuentas, mostró el potencial de rescate y reconocimiento por parte de los jóvenes de los derechos que les están garantizados constitucionalmente. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Child Abuse , Social Vulnerability , Socio-Educational Measure , Juvenile Delinquency/rehabilitation , Psychology, Social , Human Rights Abuses/psychology , Juvenile Delinquency/psychology
3.
J. Health Biol. Sci. (Online) ; 10(1): 1-5, 01/jan./2022. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1411581

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: o presente estudo tem por objetivo realizar uma análise do perfil espaço-temporal da hepatite B no estado do Pará, entre os anos de 2006 e 2018. Métodos: trata-se de um trabalho epidemiológico, ecológico e descritivo, realizado no estado do Pará por meio de seus municípios e regiões de saúde. A base de dados foi levantada perante consulta ao Departamento de Informática do SUS (DATASUS). Foram calculadas as variações percentuais anuais (APC) nas taxas de incidência de hepatite B, mediante a modelagem pelo método Jointpoint, usando o ano calendário como variável de regressão. Resultados: no estado do Pará, foram notificados, no período do estudo, 3,228 casos, sendo, 48,3% em homens e 51,7% em mulheres, com média de 248,3 casos por ano (61,8 de desvio padrão). A taxa de incidência média entre os anos de 2006 a 2018, nos 144 municípios no estado do Pará, obteve uma grande variação de 0 a 21,54 casos por 100.000 mil habitantes. Conclusão: apesar da dispersão nas taxas de incidência, obteve-se uma tendência crescente da ocorrência de casos de hepatite B no período estudado, sugerindo a necessidade de medidas de saúde pública mais eficazes no combate ao HBV.


Objective: this study aims to analyze the spatiotemporal profile of hepatitis B in the State of Pará from 2006 to 2018. Methods: this is an ecological and descriptive epidemiological study carried out in the State of Pará through its municipalities and health regions. The database was collected from the consultation with the SUS Computer Department (DATASUS). The annual percentage changes (APC) in the hepatitis B incidence rates were calculated through modeling by the Jointpoint method, using the calendar year as a regressive variable. Results: in the state of Pará, 3,228 cases were reported, of which 48.3% were men and 51.7% were women, with an average of 248.3 cases per year (61.8 standard deviations). The average incidence rate between the years 2006 to 2018 in the 144 municipalities in the state of Pará obtained a wide variation from 0 to 21.54 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. Conclusions: despite the dispersion in incidence rates, there was an incre


Subject(s)
Hepatitis B , Unified Health System , Epidemiologic Studies , Hepatitis B virus , Time Series Studies , Public Health , Epidemiology , Incidence
4.
Quad. psicol. (Bellaterra, Internet) ; 24(3): e1643, 2022. tab
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-214131

ABSTRACT

This research aimed to study left-wing and right-wing groups’ political polarization and their Social Representations (SR) of each other, as well as to investigate the experience of political violence and the belief in a just world (BJW). An online survey was conducted. The left-wing groups used the terms equality, empathy, and justice to describe themselves, while the right-wing groups used freedom, conservatism, and justice. Both groups used negative terms to de-scribe their opponents; left-wingers described right-wingers as selfish, ignorant, and intolerant and right-wingers described left-wingers as corrupt, intolerant, and extremist. Regarding vio-lence, 72% stated that they knew someone who had suffered political violence in the last two years, especially through social media. As for the means on the BJW scale, left-wingers had a lower mean than right-wingers. There are significant differences in SRs and positions between the groups, which may be at the core of violence. (AU)


El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar la polarización política y las Representaciones Sociales (RS) de los grupos de derecha e izquierda entre sí, además de verificar la experiencia de la violencia política y la creencia en un mundo justo (CMJ). Se realizó una encuesta en línea. Los grupos de izquierda usaron los términos igualdad, empatía y justicia para describirse a sí mismos, mientras que los grupos de derecha usaron libertad, conservadurismo y justicia. Los dos grupos usaron tér-minos negativos para describir los opuestos; los de izquierda describieron a la derecha como egoísta, ignorante e intolerante, y los de derecha describieron a la izquierda como corrupta, into-lerante y extremista. Sobre la violencia, 72% dijo conocer a alguien que sufrió violencia política en los últimos 2 años, principalmente en las redes sociales. Y sobre a las medias en la escala CMJ, los de laizquierda tuvieron un promedio más bajo que los de la derecha. Hay diferencias impor-tantes en RS y posiciones entre grupos, que pueden estar en el centro de la violencia. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Politics , Public Policy/trends , Dissent and Disputes , Brazil , Surveys and Questionnaires
5.
Carbohydr Polym ; 256: 117589, 2021 Mar 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33483075

ABSTRACT

The preconcentration of metal ions present at low concentration levels in aqueous systems and the selective removal of potentially toxic metals are important applications of adsorption processes. In this study, a heptadentate dinucleating ligand was anchored to chitosan for use in adsorption studies on Zn(II), Cu(II) and Ni(II) ions. The novel adsorbent was characterized by 13C NMR and FT-IR spectroscopy, TGA and BET surface area analysis. The degree of substitution of the ligand in chitosan, obtained from CHN analysis, was 0.73. The adsorption kinetics followed a pseudo-second-order model. The rate constants and the adsorption capacities for multicomponent systems decreased in the order Cu(II) >> Ni(II) ∼ Zn(II), indicating the preferential adsorption of Cu(II). For Cu(II) ions, the Langmuir model provided the best fitting to the experimental data, and the monolayer Cu(II) adsorption capacity was 0.404 mmol g-1, while the linear isotherm described Zn(II) and Ni(II) ion adsorption.


Subject(s)
Chitosan/chemistry , Copper/chemistry , Nickel/chemistry , Zinc/chemistry , Adsorption , Carbon Isotopes , Ions , Kinetics , Ligands , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Metals/chemistry , Particle Size , Polymers/chemistry , Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared , Water/chemistry , Water Pollutants, Chemical/chemistry
6.
Rev. enferm. UFSM ; 11: e45, 2021. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: biblio-1247756

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: investigar a prevalência do uso de substâncias psicoativas em gestantes e puérperas atendidas no ambulatório de um Hospital Escola. Método: pesquisa transversal, descritiva, com amostra de 174 gestantes e puérperas. Na coleta de dados, utilizou-se o instrumento padronizado Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) e um questionário sociodemográfico e gineco-obstétrico. A análise de dados foi realizada por meio da estatística descritiva. Resultados: a prevalência de uso de substâncias psicoativas entre as gestantes foi de 28,7 % e 1,1% entre as puérperas, com destaque para o álcool e tabaco. O tabaco constitui a substância com maior frequência de uso; que desencadeia maior desejo/urgência de consumo; maior taxa de tentativas de diminuição. Conclusão: o uso de substâncias psicoativas na gestação e puerpério constitui-se um desafio à saúde pública e para os profissionais de saúde, suscitando o desenvolvimento de ações educativas, bem como a captação precoce dessas mulheres.


Objective: to investigate the prevalence of psychoactive substance use in pregnant and puerperal women attended at an outpatient clinic in a teaching hospital. Method: A descriptive transversal research with a sample of 174 pregnant and puerperal women. The Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) and a sociodemographic and obstetric-gynecologic survey were utilized in data collection. Data analysis was performed through descriptive statistics. Results: the prevalence of psychoactive substance use among pregnant women was of 28.7% and 1.1% among puerperal women, with alcohol and tobacco as highlights. Tobacco constitutes the substance with greater frequency of use, triggering greater desire/urgency of consummation and a higher rate of intake lowering attempts. Conclusion: the use of psychoactive substances among pregnant and puerperal women constitutes a challenge to public health and for health professionals, eliciting the development of educational actions as well as early identification of these women.


Objetivo: investigar la prevalencia del uso de sustancias psicoactivas en mujeres embarazadas y puérperas atendidas en el ambulatorio de un Hospital Escuela. Método: investigación transversal, descriptiva, con una muestra de 174 mujeres embarazadas y puérperas. En la recopilación de datos, se utilizó el instrumento estandarizadoAlcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) y un cuestionario sociodemográfico y gineco-obstétrico. El análisis de los datos se realizó mediante estadísticas descriptivas. Resultados: la prevalencia del consumo de sustancias psicoactivas entre las embarazadas fue del 28,7%, mientras que entre las puérperas fuel del 1,1%, con destaque para el alcohol y el tabaco. El tabaco constituye la sustancia de mayor frecuencia de uso; que desencadena mayor deseo/urgencia de consumo; mayor tasa de tentativas de disminución. Conclusión: el uso de sustancias psicoactivas en elembarazo y el puerperio constituye un reto para la salud pública y para los profesionales de la salud, suscitando el desarrollo de acciones educativas, así como la captación temprana de estas mujeres.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Pregnancy, High-Risk , Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology , Postpartum Period , Drug Users/statistics & numerical data , Socioeconomic Factors , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies
7.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: biblio-1146920

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: compreender concepções e condutas da equipe de enfermagem frente ao erro de medicação na clínica médica. Método: estudo de abordagem qualitativa, descritivo, realizado em um hospital de ensino. Foram entrevistados dois enfermeiros e dezessete técnicos de enfermagem da clínica médica. A coleta de dados se deu por meio de entrevistas e observação não participante, analisados pela técnica de análise de conteúdo. Resultados: a equipe reconhece aspectos que acentuam a ocorrência do erro: prescrição manual e ilegível, sobrecarga de trabalho, falta de atenção e capacitação profissional, grande número de pessoas circulando e interrupções no trabalho. Foram identificadas falhas em todas as etapas de administração de medicamentos e estratégias para a melhoria no processo. Conclusão: as estratégias e melhorias no processo de medicação como educação permanente e etiquetas de identificação de drogas precisam ser aplicadas no cotidiano da prática profissional com a inclusão de todos profissionais envolvidos


Objective: to understand the concepts and lead the nursing team in the face of medication errors in the medical clinic. Method: a qualitative, descriptive study carried out in a teaching hospital. Two nurses and seventeen nursing technicians from the medical clinic were interviewed. Data collection took place through interviews and non-participant observation, analyzed by the content analysis technique. Results: a team recognizes aspects that cause an error: manual and illegible prescription, work overload, lack of attention and professional training, large number of people circulating and interruptions at work. Flaws were identified at all stages of drug administration and strategies for improving the process. Conclusion: as strategies and improvements in the medication process, as permanent education and identification labels for drugs used in daily professional practice with the inclusion of all professionals involved


Objetivo: comprender los conceptos y liderar al equipo de enfermeira ante los errores de medicación en la clínica médica. Método: estúdio cualitativo y descriptivo realizado en un hospital universitario. Se entrevistó a dos enfermeras y diecisiete técnicos de enfermería de la clínica médica. La recolección de datos se realizó mediante entrevistas y observación no participante, analizados por la técnica de análisis de contenido. Resultados: un equipo reconoce aspectos que causan um error: prescripción manual e ilegible, sobrecarga de trabajo, falta de atención y capacitación profesional, gran cantidad de personas circulando e interrupciones en el trabajo. Se identificaron fallas en todas las etapas de la administración de drogas y estrategias para mejorar el proceso. Conclusión: como estrategias y mejoras en el proceso de medicación, como etiquetas permanentes de educación e identificación de medicamentos utilizados en la práctica profesional diaria con la inclusión de todos los profesionales involucrados


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Patient Safety , Medication Errors , Nursing, Team
8.
Rev. enferm. UERJ ; 28: e51896, jan.-dez. 2020.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: biblio-1146280

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: verificar o impacto da incontinência urinária na qualidade de vida das mulheres. Método: revisão integrativa realizada em fontes eletrônicas da CAPES, LILACS e PubMed. Utilizou-se como critério de inclusão, os artigos disponíveis eletronicamente na íntegra e que dissertaram sobre a temática, e de exclusão os que apresentaram duplicidade na busca. Foram selecionados doze artigos. Resultados: os estudos analisados foram publicados no período de 2015 a 2019, sendo nove estudos do tipo transversal. Identificaram-se quatro categorias temáticas: percepção das mulheres sobre a IU; impacto da IU na QV de mulheres; tipo de IU de maior influência sobre a QV; e importância da avaliação da QV de mulheres incontinentes. Conclusão: evidenciouse o impacto negativo da IU na QV de mulheres, devido a limitações físicas, sexuais, ocupacionais e sociais, e sentimentos como vergonha, falta de controle, mal-estar, insegurança, sofrimento e culpa.


Objective: to verify the impact of urinary incontinence on women's quality of life. Method: integrative review conducted in CAPES, LILACS and PubMed electronic sources. For inclusion, articles had to be available in full electronically and address the subject; search duplicates were excluded. Twelve articles were selected. Results: these studies, nine cross-sectional, were published from 2015 to 2019. Four thematic categories were identified: women's perception of UI; impact of UI on women's QOL; UI type with greatest impact on QOL; and importance of assessing incontinent women's QOL. Conclusion: UI had adverse impact on QOL of women, because of physical, sexual, occupational, and social limitations, as well as feelings of shame, lack of control, discomfort, insecurity, suffering and guilt.


Objetivo: verificar el impacto de la incontinencia urinaria en la calidad de vida de las mujeres. Método: revisión integradora realizada en fuentes electrónicas CAPES, LILACS y PubMed. Para su inclusión, los artículos debían estar disponibles en su totalidad en formato electrónico y abordar el tema; Se excluyeron los duplicados de búsqueda. Se seleccionaron doce artículos. Resultados: estos estudios, nueve transversales, se publicaron entre 2015 y 2019. Se identificaron cuatro categorías temáticas: percepción de las mujeres sobre la IU; impacto de la IU en la calidad de vida de las mujeres; Tipo de IU con mayor impacto en la calidad de vida; e importancia de evaluar la calidad de vida de las mujeres con incontinencia. Conclusión: la IU tuvo un impacto adverso en la calidad de vida de las mujeres, debido a limitaciones físicas, sexuales, ocupacionales y sociales, así como sentimientos de vergüenza, descontrol, malestar, inseguridad, sufrimiento y culpa.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Quality of Life , Urinary Incontinence , Women's Health , Perception , Shame , Urinary Incontinence/psychology
10.
Acta fisiátrica ; 27(2): 120-124, jun. 2020.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1224344

ABSTRACT

A microcefalia é uma doença de origem multifatorial podendo ser desenvolvida de forma congênita ou por causas ambientais. Ela atinge os ossos da calota craniana, causando o fechamento prematuro das fontanelas, no qual restringe o espaço interno do crânio, que em consequência afeta o crescimento e desenvolvimento normal do encéfalo, levando a disfunções neuropsicomotoras leves, moderadas ou graves. Desta forma, este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar o desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor de uma criança com microcefalia, antes e após um protocolo fisioterapêutico intensivo. Trata-se de relato de caso no qual foram avaliados os marcos motores e os níveis de função apresentados pelo paciente, antes e após um protocolo fisioterapêutico intensivo, realizado por um período de 30 dias consecutivos. Foram obtidos importantes resultados no controle de cervical, alinhamento de cabeça em linha média, manuseio de objetos, elevação das mãos à boca e alinhamento postural. Desta forma, conclui-se que o protocolo fisioterapêutico intensivo é uma alternativa eficaz que auxilia e potencializa o desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor da criança


Microcephaly is a multifactorial disease that can be developed congenitally or due to environmental causes. It affects the skullcap bones, causing premature fontanelles closure, in which it restricts the internal skull space, which consequently affects the growth and normal development of the brain, leading to mild, moderate or severe neuropsychomotor disorders. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the neuropsychomotor development of a child with microcephaly, before and after an intensive physical therapy protocol. This is a case report in which the motor milestones and function levels were evaluated before and after an intensive physical therapy protocol performed for a consecutive 30 days period. Important results were obtained in cervical control, midline head alignment, object handling, lifting hands to mouth and postural alignment. Thus, it is concluded that the intensive physical therapy protocol is an effective alternative that helps and enhances the child's neuropsychomotor development

11.
Reproduction ; 158(2): 199-209, 2019 08.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31163400

ABSTRACT

The number of Sertoli cells (SCs) ultimately determines the upper limit of sperm production in the testis. Previous studies have shown that thyroid hormones (TH) receptors are abundantly expressed in developing SCs; therefore, it was highly significant to discover that transient neonatal hypothyroidism induced by the goitrogen 6-n-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU) can extend SCs proliferation beyond the first 2 weeks postnatal and increase testis weight and sperm production. Further studies concluded that treatment must begin before day 8 post birth in rats. Recent studies, however, showed that SCs present in the transition region at the rete testis exhibit a more immature phenotype and have prolonged mitotic activity, which led to the hypothesis that SCs in this region will retain the capacity to respond to PTU treatment over a longer period of time. In the present study, male Wistar rats were treated with PTU from days 21 to 40 and were evaluated at 40 and 160 days of age. Similar to neonatal rat SCs, it was demonstrated that prepubertal SCs in the transition region have a high mitotic activity and are highly sensitive to TH levels. This delayed, transient hypothyroidism resulted in significantly increased testis weight, SCs number and daily sperm production. The results demonstrate for the first time that Sertoli cells showing plasticity in the transition region can be stimulated to increase proliferation and contribute to a late stage surge in testis weight and sperm output.


Subject(s)
Antithyroid Agents/administration & dosage , Propylthiouracil/administration & dosage , Spermatogenesis/drug effects , Testis/drug effects , Animals , Female , Hypothyroidism , Male , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Complications , Rats, Wistar , Sertoli Cells , Testis/cytology , Testis/growth & development , Thyroid Gland/drug effects
12.
Cell Tissue Res ; 370(3): 489-500, 2017 12.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28831567

ABSTRACT

The establishment of proper conditions for spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) cryopreservation and storage represents an important biotechnological approach for the preservation of the genetic stock of valuable animals. This study demonstrates the effects of different cryopreservation protocols on the survival rates and phenotypic expression of SSCs in horses. The cells were enzymatically isolated from testes of eight adult horses. After enrichment and characterization of germ cells in the suspension, the feasibility of several cryopreservation protocols were evaluated. Three different cryomedia compositions, associated with three different methods of freezing (vitrification, slow-freezing and fast-freezing) were evaluated. Based on the rates of viable SSCs found before and after thawing, as well as the number of recovered cells after cryopreservation, the best results were obtained utilizing the DMSO-based cryomedia associated with the slow-freezing method. In addition, when isolated cells were cultured in vitro, MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assay and immunofluorescence analysis indicated that the cryopreserved cells were as metabolically active as the fresh cells and were also expressing typical SSCs proteins (VASA, NANOS2 and GFRA1). Therefore, our results indicate that equine SSCs can be cryopreserved without impairment of structure, function, or colony-forming abilities.


Subject(s)
Adult Germline Stem Cells/cytology , Cryopreservation/methods , Semen Preservation/methods , Spermatogonia/cytology , Vitrification , Animals , Cell Survival , Cryoprotective Agents/pharmacology , Dimethyl Sulfoxide/pharmacology , Horses , Male , Parenchymal Tissue/cytology , Testis/cytology
13.
Springerplus ; 4: 357, 2015.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26191484

ABSTRACT

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the IL28B gene were shown to have limited utility in predicting response to telaprevir and boceprevir in treatment of chronic HCV infection in clinical trials. Data outside of the clinical trial setting are lacking. We assessed the value of single and combined IL28B SNPs rs12979860 and rs8099917 genotypes in predicting sustained virological response 12 weeks after cessation of triple therapy (SVR12) with telaprevir or boceprevir in a single-centre cohort of treatment-naïve and treatment-experienced patients with genotype 1 HCV mono-infection (n = 105). The overall SVR12 rate was 65.7%. By unadjusted bivariate logistic regression analysis, rs12979860-CC and rs8099917-TT were significantly associated with SVR12 in the subgroup of patients including all naïve patients and all treatment-experienced patients with the exception of partial- and null-responders to previous HCV therapy. The predictive value of rs12979860-CC was stronger than rs8099917-TT and only rs12979860-CC remained significantly predictive of treatment success when the two variants were assessed by adjusted logistic regression analysis in the whole study cohort. In patients presenting the rs12979860-CC variant, the additional determination of rs8099917 genotype had no value. IL28B rs12979860-CC remained significantly associated with SVR12 also in the multivariate analysis including the other baseline characteristics associated to SVR12 in the bivariate analysis (i.e., female gender, HCV genotype 1b, baseline viral load <800,000 IU/mL, advanced liver fibrosis and prior partial- or null-response to HCV therapy). Our study suggests that testing for the IL28B rs12979860 genotype may still be useful in predicting response to triple therapy with boceprevir and telaprevir in naïve patients and treatment-experienced patients other than partial and null-responders.

14.
Saúde Soc ; 24(2): 691-702, Apr-Jun/2015. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-749046

ABSTRACT

A hanseníase é prevalente em países subdesenvolvidos, uma vez que as precárias condições de vida da população favorecem seu aparecimento. Tem grande importância para a saúde pública devido a sua magnitude e a seu alto poder incapacitante, atingindo, sobretudo, os indivíduos na faixa etária economicamente ativa. No Nordeste de Minas Gerais, há um padrão de alta endemicidade para essa doença; por isso, há muito tempo a região é alvo de políticas públicas de controle. Entretanto, tais medidas não causaram o impacto desejado para reduzir sua expressão na região, tornando imprescindível compreender melhor o fenômeno em suas várias dimensões, inclusive a histórica. Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a ocupação do espaço e a progressão da hanseníase no Nordeste de Minas Gerais, no século XIX. Para tanto, optou-se pelo estudo documental de natureza histórica que possibilitou a interpretação dos fenômenos sociais ligados à hanseníase. A análise histórica permitiu concluir que a chegada e a progressão da hanseníase no nordeste mineiro estiveram ligadas aos movimentos econômicos e sociais de descoberta e desenvolvimento da região, ocasionando o ciclo de transmissão da doença.


Leprosy is prevalent in underdeveloped countries, as the precarious living conditions of the population favor its emergence. It is of great importance to public health due to its magnitude and high disabling power, affecting mainly the economically active age group. In the Northeast of the State of Minas Gerais, this disease has a pattern of high endemicity; due to this, the region has long been the target of public control policies. However, such measures have not had the desired impact to reduce its expression in the region, which makes it imperative to better understand the phenomenon in its various dimensions, including the historical one. This article aims to analyze space occupation and the disease's progression in the Northeast of Minas Gerais in the 19th century. We decided to conduct a historical documental study, which allowed us to interpret social phenomena connected with leprosy. The historical analysis showed that the emergence and progression of the disease in the Northeast of Minas Gerais were linked to the economic and social movements of discovery and development of the region, which caused the disease transmission cycle.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Social Conditions , Communicable Diseases , Leprosy , Leprosy/history , Developing Countries , Public Policy , Health-Disease Process , Urbanization
15.
Rev. MVZ Córdoba ; 20(2): 4544-4555, May-Aug. 2015. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: lil-759098

ABSTRACT

Objective. To evaluate the impact of citrus pulp on the palatability and digestibility of horse diets and the physicochemical characteristics of the feces. Materials and methods. The diets were composed of 60% of the energy from the forage and 40% from the concentrate, with increasing levels of citrus pulp. Two different tests were performed. The first test assessed the palatability of concentrates. Using a randomized experimental design, 15 horses were observed for 10 days. The variables recorded were first action, first choice and intake ratio (IR). Five horses were arranged in 5x5 Latin Square design for the test assessing digestibility and fecal physicochemical characteristics. The apparent digestibility of the nutrients and the color, consistency, pH and buffering capacity (BC) of the feces were evaluated. Results. The addition of increasing levels of citrus pulp had an effect (p≤0.001) on first action. A difference was also observed in first choice, and the addition of 0, 7 or 14% of citrus pulp was preferred. A difference between treatments (p≤0.001) was also observed for IR, and the control concentrate was consumed the most. The amount of citrus pulp included had no effect (p>0.05) on the digestibility of nutrients, fecal consistency and color, and there was no effect (p>0.05) on fecal pH and BC. Conclusions. Horses can identify the presence of citrus pulp in concentrates but prefer concentrates without added citrus pulp. Citrus pulp does not negatively affect the digestibility of concentrates or the physicochemical characteristics of the feces; thus, citrus pulp is a viable alternative ingredient in the formulation of horse diets.


Objetivo. Evaluar la inclusión de pulpa de cítricos en la dieta de los caballos a través de la evaluación de la de palatabilidad, digestibilidad y características fisicoquímicas de las heces. Materiales y métodos. El valor energético de las dietas fue aportado en el 60% por la energía del forraje y en el 40% a partir del concentrado con niveles crecientes de pulpa de cítricos. En la primera prueba se evaluó la palatabilidad de los concentrados. Se utilizó un diseño experimental aleatório. Se observaron 15 caballos durante 10 días. Las variables registradas fueron la primera acción, la primera opción y la relación de la ingesta (IR). Cinco caballos fueron dispuestos en un diseño cuadrado latino 5x5 para la evaluación de la digestibilidad y las características fisicoquímicas fecales. La digestibilidad de los nutrientes y el color, la consistencia, el pH, y se evaluó la capacidad de tamponamiento (CT) de las heces. Resultados. El nível de inclusión de pulpa de cítricos tuvo un efecto (p<0.001) en la primera acción. Una diferencia también se observó en primera elección. Una diferencia (p<0.001) entre los tratamientos también se observó para IR. El nível de inclusión de pulpa de cítricos no efectó (p>0.05) la digestibilidad, consistencia fecal y el color de las heces, pH fecal y CT de las heces. Conclusiones. Los caballos pueden identificar la presencia de pulpa de cítricos en los concentrados, pero prefieren concentrados sin pulpa de cítricos. La pulpa de cítricos no afecta la digestibilidad de los nutrimentos en el concentrado, ni las características fisicoquímicas de las heces; la pulpa de cítricos es un ingrediente alternativo viable en la formulación de dietas para caballos.


Subject(s)
Pectins , Dietary Fiber , Horses
16.
Rev. enferm. UFSM ; 4(3): 556-565, jul.- set. 2014.
Article in Portuguese | BDENF - Nursing | ID: biblio-1034257

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: analisar o estigma em hanseníase sob a perspectiva de profissionais da saúde e gestores e sua relação com as ações de controle em municípios da microrregião de Araçuaí. Método: trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa realizada em seis municípios. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista semiestruturada com 54 informantes, no período de fevereiro a agosto de 2009. Para tratamento e análise dos dados optou-se pela análise temática do conteúdo. Resultados: o fraco envolvimento da atenção primária nas ações de controle, o distanciamento por parte dos profissionais de saúde e a falta de conhecimento da população quanto aos sinais e sintomas da doença contribuem para o diagnóstico tardio, o que favorece a manutenção das percepções negativas da população à hanseníase. Conclusão: o fortalecimento da Atenção Primária em Saúde e divulgação da doença são estratégias de enfrentamento dos desafios operacionais do controle da hanseníase.


Objective: to analyze the stigma associated with Hansen’s disease from the perspective of health professionals and managers and its relation to the control actions in municipalities of the micro-region of Araçuaí. Method: this is a qualitative study conducted in six municipalities. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 54 participants, from February to August 2009. The thematic content analysis was used for the treatment and analysis of data. Results: the weak involvement of primary care in the control actions, the detachment of health professionals and the lack of knowledge of the population about the signs and symptoms of the disease contribute to late diagnosis. This favors the maintenance of the negative perceptions of the population towards Hansen’s disease. Conclusion: strengthening the primary health care and publicizing the disease are strategies to cope with the operational challenges of the control of Hansen’s disease.


Objetivo: analizar el estigma de la lepra desde la perspectiva de los profesionales y gestores de la salud y su relación con acciones de control en la micro-región de Araçuaí (Brasil). Método: estudio cualitativo en seis municipios. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de entrevistas semi-estructuradas con 54 informantes, entre febrero y agosto de 2009. Tratamiento y análisis de los datos por análisis de contenido temático. Resultados: la escasa participación de la atención primaria en acciones de control, el distanciamiento por parte de profesionales de la salud y la falta de conocimiento de la población sobre los signos y síntomas de la enfermedad contribuyen al diagnóstico tardío, lo que favorece la persistencia de las percepciones negativas de la población sobre la lepra. Conclusión: el fortalecimiento de la atención primaria de salud y divulgación sobre la enfermedad son estrategias para enfrentar los retos operativos de control de la lepra.


Subject(s)
Humans , Primary Health Care , Social Stigma , Leprosy , Disease Prevention
17.
J Appl Oral Sci ; 21(5): 460-7, 2013.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24212993

ABSTRACT

UNLABELLED: Epidemiological data from oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is mostly derived from North American, European and East Asian populations. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to report the demographic and clinicopathological features from OSCC diagnosed in an Oral Pathology service in southeastern Brazil in an 8-year period. MATERIAL AND METHODS: All OSCC diagnosed from 2005 to 2012 were reviewed, including histological analysis of all hematoxylin and eosin stained slides and review of all demographic and clinical information from the laboratory records. RESULTS: A total of 346 OSCC was retrieved and males represented 67% of the sample. Mean age of the patients was 62.3 years-old and females were affected a decade older than males (p<0.001). Mean time of complaint with the tumors was 10 months and site distribution showed that the border of the tongue (37%), alveolar mucosa/gingiva (20%) and floor of mouth/ventral tongue (19%) were the most common affected sites. Mean size of the tumors was 3.4 cm, with no differences for males and females (p=0.091) and males reported both tobacco and alcohol consumption more frequently than females. Histological grade of the tumors revealed that 27%, 40% and 21% of the tumors were, respectively, classified as well-, moderately- and poorly-differentiated OSCC, 26 cases (7.5%) were microinvasive OSCC and 17 cases were OSCC variants. OSCC in males mostly affected the border of tongue, floor of mouth/ventral tongue and alveolar mucosa/gingival, while they were more frequent on the border of tongue, alveolar mucosa/gingival and buccal mucosa/buccal sulcus in females (p=0.004). CONCLUSIONS: The present data reflect the epidemiological characteristics of OSCC diagnosed in a public Oral Pathology laboratory in southeastern Brazil and have highlighted several differences in clinicopathological features when comparing male and female OSCC-affected patients.


Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology , Mouth Neoplasms/pathology , Adult , Age Distribution , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Brazil/epidemiology , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/epidemiology , Chi-Square Distribution , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Mouth Neoplasms/epidemiology , Neoplasm Grading , Risk Factors , Sex Distribution , Sex Factors , Tumor Burden
18.
J. appl. oral sci ; 21(5): 460-467, Sep-Oct/2013. graf
Article in English | LILACS, BBO - Dentistry | ID: lil-690091

ABSTRACT

Epidemiological data from oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is mostly derived from North American, European and East Asian populations. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to report the demographic and clinicopathological features from OSCC diagnosed in an Oral Pathology service in southeastern Brazil in an 8-year period. MATERIAL AND METHODS: All OSCC diagnosed from 2005 to 2012 were reviewed, including histological analysis of all hematoxylin and eosin stained slides and review of all demographic and clinical information from the laboratory records. RESULTS: A total of 346 OSCC was retrieved and males represented 67% of the sample. Mean age of the patients was 62.3 years-old and females were affected a decade older than males (p<0.001). Mean time of complaint with the tumors was 10 months and site distribution showed that the border of the tongue (37%), alveolar mucosa/gingiva (20%) and floor of mouth/ventral tongue (19%) were the most common affected sites. Mean size of the tumors was 3.4 cm, with no differences for males and females (p=0.091) and males reported both tobacco and alcohol consumption more frequently than females. Histological grade of the tumors revealed that 27%, 40% and 21% of the tumors were, respectively, classified as well-, moderately- and poorly-differentiated OSCC, 26 cases (7.5%) were microinvasive OSCC and 17 cases were OSCC variants. OSCC in males mostly affected the border of tongue, floor of mouth/ventral tongue and alveolar mucosa/gingival, while they were more frequent on the border of tongue, alveolar mucosa/gingival and buccal mucosa/buccal sulcus in females (p=0.004). CONCLUSIONS: The present data reflect the epidemiological characteristics of OSCC diagnosed in a public Oral Pathology laboratory in southeastern Brazil and have highlighted several differences in clinicopathological features when comparing male and female OSCC-affected patients. .


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology , Mouth Neoplasms/pathology , Age Distribution , Brazil/epidemiology , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/epidemiology , Chi-Square Distribution , Mouth Neoplasms/epidemiology , Neoplasm Grading , Risk Factors , Sex Distribution , Sex Factors , Tumor Burden
19.
Pediatr. mod ; 49(8)ago. 2013.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-691714

ABSTRACT

O teratoma é uma neoplasia embrionária, que deriva de células pluripotentes, sendo constituído de elementos de diferentes tipos de tecido, de uma ou mais das três camadas de células germinativas (ectoderma, mesoderma e endoderma). Pode diferenciar-se em tecidos mais especializados, dando origem ao teratoma maduro ou permanecer indiferenciado, para constituir os teratomas imaturos. O diagnóstico dos tumores retroperitoneais raramente é realizado apenas pelo quadro clínico e exame físico, sendo necessário auxílio de exames de imagem para delimitar com mais precisão o local de inserção do mesmo...


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Infant , Child , Ovary , Teratoma
20.
Belo Horizonte; s.n; 2013. 113 p. ilus, mapas, tab.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: lil-692112

ABSTRACT

Conhecida desde os tempos bíblicos como lepra, a hanseníase é uma doença infecciosa e crônica, causada pelo Mycobacterium leprae ou bacilo de Hansen. Acomete principalmente a pele e os nervos periféricos mas também manifesta-se como uma doença sistêmica, comprometendo articulações, olhos, testículos, gânglios e outros órgãos. Tem grande importância para a saúde pública devido a sua magnitude e seu alto poder incapacitante, atingindo, sobretudo, a faixa etária economicamente ativa. É um problema de saúde pública no Brasil que ocupa o segundo lugar em números absolutos da doença no mundo. Especificamente em Minas Gerais, segundo dados de 2009,registraram-se 1873 casos novos de hanseníase. O Nordeste de Minas Gerais, por sua vez, registrou 228 novos casos nesse ano, correspondendo a um padrão de muito alta endemicidade, segundo parâmetros do Ministério da Saúde. Historicamente há registros da doença no Egito há quatro mil e trezentos anos antes de Cristo. No período medieval, os leprosos tinham que usar um véu cobrindo o rosto desfigurado e um sino que denunciava sua presença, como também eram feitas marcas no corpo desses enfermos, o que propiciou o estigma relativo à doença. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a história da hanseníase no Nordeste de Minas Gerais, tendo como referência as políticas públicas de controle da endemia no estado, de 1915 a 1962. O recorte cronológico refere-se, respectivamente, ao ano de criação da Comissão de Profilaxia da Lepra e ao ano de extinção do isolamento compulsório no Brasil. Justifica-se pela importância da hanseníase que, desde a época em estudo acomete um número alto de indivíduos no Nordeste de Minas Gerais. Além disso, considera-se o estigma da doença e a escassez de estudos sobre o histórico da doença na região. Trata-se de uma pesquisa histórica. Em complementação ao método escolhido, optou-se por entrevistas com ex-internos da Colônia Santa Izabel, provenientes da área de estudo...


Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae, bacillus or Hansen. It mainly affects the skin and peripheral nerves but also manifests as a systemic disease affecting joints, eyes, testicles, lymph nodes and other organs. Is of great importance to public health due to its magnitude and its high power incapacitating, affecting especially the economically active age group. It is a public health problem in Brazil, which ranks second in absolute numbers of disease worldwide. Specifically in Minas Gerais, according to 2009 data, there were 1873 new cases of leprosy. The Northeast of Minas Gerais, in turn, recorded 228 new cases this year, representing a pattern of very high endemicity, according to the Ministry of Health parameters. Historically no record of the disease in Egypt four thousand and three hundred years before Christ. In the medieval period, lepers had to wear a veil covering her facedisfigured and a bell denouncing his presence, but were also made marks on the body of these patients, which resulted stigma on the disease. The objective of this study was to analyze the history of leprosy in the Northeast of Minas Gerais, with reference to the public policy of the state disease control, from 1915 to 1962. The clipping chronologicalrefers respectively to the year of establishment of the Commission of Leprosy Prophylaxis and the year of termination of compulsory isolation in Brazil. Justified by the importance of leprosy since the era under study affects a large number of individuals in the Northeast of Minas Gerais. Moreover, it is the stigma of the disease and the scarcity of studies on the history of the disease region. Is a historical research. In addition to the method chosen, we chose to interviews with former inmates of theColony Santa Izabel, from the study area. The document analysis and interviews were done according to the criteria Padilha & Borenstein (2005). The findings allowed us to know the history...


Subject(s)
Humans , Leprosy/history , Health Policy , Epidemiological Monitoring , Brazil , Retrospective Studies , Qualitative Research , Surveys and Questionnaires
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