ABSTRACT
The SARS-CoV-2 global pandemic will disproportionately impact countries with weak economies and vulnerable populations including people with dementia. Latin American and Caribbean countries (LACs) are burdened with unstable economic development, fragile health systems, massive economic disparities, and a high prevalence of dementia. Here, we underscore the selective impact of SARS-CoV-2 on dementia among LACs, the specific strain on health systems devoted to dementia, and the subsequent effect of increasing inequalities among those with dementia in the region. Implementation of best practices for mitigation and containment faces particularly steep challenges in LACs. Based upon our consideration of these issues, we urgently call for a coordinated action plan, including the development of inexpensive mass testing and multilevel regional coordination for dementia care and related actions. Brain health diplomacy should lead to a shared and escalated response across the region, coordinating leadership, and triangulation between governments and international multilateral networks.
ABSTRACT
Entre os vários tipos de inflamação ocular associados às doenças reumatológicas, a uveíte anterior é particularmente comum nas espondiloartropatias, em especial quando associada à presença do genótipo HLA-B27. Relatou-se o caso de um paciente com artrite indiferenciada HLA-B27 positivo, complicado com panuveíte e vasculite da retina, refratária ao tratamento imunossupressor tradicional, que obteve boa resposta clínica ao uso de anti-TNF-alfa.
Among the several types of ocular inflammation associated to the rheumatic diseases, anterior uveitis is particularly common in the spondyloarthropathies, especially when associated to the presence of the HLA-B27 genotype. We report the case of HLA-B27 positive patient with undifferentiated arthritis, complicated with panuveitis and retinal vasculitis, that was refractory to the traditional imunossupressive treatment, and had a good clinical response with anti-TNF-alpha therapy.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Arthritis , Panuveitis , Retinal Vasculitis , Rheumatic Diseases , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha , Uveitis , Uveitis, AnteriorABSTRACT
Síndrome antifosfolípide ou síndrome do anticorpo antifosfolípide (SAF) é uma desordem auto-imune sistêmica, que se apresenta com trombose arterial ou venosa de repetição e complicações obstétricas, na presença de anticorpos antifosfolípides (aFL), seja anticardiolipina (aCL), anti-[beta]2glicoproteína I (anti-[beta]2GpI) ou anticoagulante lúpico (aL), todos envolvidos na sua patogênese. As manifestações clínicas incluem alterações cutâneas, cardíacas, pulmonares, renais e hematológicas, além de envolvimento do sistema nervoso. Várias manifestações neurológicas têm sido atribuídas à SAF. AVC (acidente vascular cerebral) é a complicação mais freqüente e de maior impacto clínico. Relato e série de casos, em diferentes publicações, têm descrito a associação entre neuropatia periférica, particularmente a síndrome de Guillain-Barré (SGB), e SAF. Faltam estudos com enfoque na neurocondução. O impacto que essas outras manifestações terão em futuras revisões para classificação dependerá de investigação clínico-epidemiológica, com desenho apropriado, para responder a essas questões.
Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) or antiphospholipid antibodies syndrome is an autoimmune systemic disorder, associated with recurrent arterial and venous thrombosis and obstetric complications, in the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies. Either anti-cardiolipin, anti-[beta]2glicoprotein I (anti-[beta]2GpI) antibodies or the presence of the lupus anticoagulant phenomenon can be related to its pathogenesis. The clinical manifestations include skin disease, cardiac, pulmonary, renal and hematologic features, and neurologic involvement. A large number of neurologic manifestations has been described in association with APS. The most common and serious complication is stroke. Case reports and case series have pointed out the relationship between peripheral neuropathy syndromes, particularly Guillain-Barré, and APS. Studies on nerve conduction in APS are lacking. Their impact in the next classification of APS will depend on the development of appropriated clinical-epidemiologic studies.
