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1.
An Acad Bras Cienc ; 96(2): e20240014, 2024.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38747842

ABSTRACT

Despite the prevalence of substance use during pregnancy, studies focusing exclusively on Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU) admissions remain limited. This study investigates the impact of maternal use of tobacco, alcohol, and/or crack, on neonatal outcomes among infants admitted to three Brazilian NICUs. Additionally, the investigation explores the impact of substance use on DNA damage in newborns. Over a one-year period, data from 254 newborns were collected through medical records, accompanied by blood samples. Findings revealed that 16.1% of newborns had mothers reporting substance use during pregnancy. Significant associations were found between maternal substance use and adverse neonatal outcomes, including low birth weight, preterm birth, and sexually transmitted infections. Maternal variables linked to substance use encompassed non-white skin color, low education, non-masonry housing, lower income, diseases in other children, and fewer prenatal consultations. Notably, neonatal DNA damage showed no significant association with substance use. Our results underscore the substantial impact of maternal substance use on NICU-admitted infants, emphasizing the necessity for targeted interventions that address both neonatal health and maternal well-being, thereby underscoring the crucial role of comprehensive care in NICU settings.


Subject(s)
Alcohol Drinking , Intensive Care Units, Neonatal , Humans , Pregnancy , Female , Infant, Newborn , Brazil/epidemiology , Adult , Alcohol Drinking/adverse effects , Pregnancy Complications , Male , Young Adult , Pregnancy Outcome , Infant, Low Birth Weight , Crack Cocaine/adverse effects , Cocaine-Related Disorders/epidemiology , Risk Factors , Socioeconomic Factors , DNA Damage , Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
2.
An Acad Bras Cienc ; 92(4): e20200302, 2020.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33295578

ABSTRACT

The World Drug Report 2019 presented an alarming figure to the world: more than 5% of the world's population has been using some type of illicit drug, and that number is growing every year. While its use increases, its abuse during pregnancy has become a global public health problem, resulting in medical and social challenges related to maternal and child health. In this context, the objective of this review was to determine the prevalence of illicit drug use during gestation across the globe, alongside with a critical review of the evaluated studies. Research was performed by simultaneously searching terms ("pregnant woman OR pregnant" OR "gestation" OR "pregnancy" AND "illicit drugs" OR "street drugs") in the databases of the Scientific Electronic Library Online, PubMed, and Web of Science. Comparisons between studies were performed in software Statistica 10.0. The data presented worrying results in relation to the variation in prevalence of illicit drug use during pregnancy, when comparing studies based on interviews or questionnaires (self-reported) (1.65%) and studies based on toxicological analysis (12.28%). In addition, we emphasize the high prevalence (5.16%) of illicit drug use among adolescent pregnant women and the low number of studies on this population. This study reveals worrying data about pregnant drug-user population, mainly the underestimation of prevalence in studies that use only questionnaires or similar methods in comparison to studies that use toxicological analysis of biological matrices. This scenario reveals necessity for health systems in different countries to establish specific public health policies for this population.


Subject(s)
Illicit Drugs , Substance-Related Disorders , Adolescent , Child , Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Prevalence , Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology
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