Intestinal candidiasis. A clinical report and comments about this opportunistic pathology.

UNLABELLED: An eight-years-old girl, who presented with recurrent upper respiratory tract infections, was treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics. Afterward she presented with intestinal candidiasis. The isolated species was identified as Candida albicans by differential tests. Treatment given was with 500,000 IU of oral nystatin every 8 hours for 10 days and intestinal normal microbiota restoratives. Evolution has been satisfactory, although concomitantly type A hepatitis developed. Rest and a soft diet were recommended. The child is now perfectly healthy with normal liver function tests. CONCLUSION: Prolonged treatments with broad-spectrum antibiotics destroyed the indigenous intestinal microbiota, which provoked intestinal C. Albicans proliferation and adversely affected the immunological system of the patient, thus facilitating the establishment of a viral infection.

[Infection by Toxoplasma gondii in children with infantile cerebral palsy]. / Infección por Toxoplasma gondii en niños con parálisis cerebral infantil.

An analytic relationship between positivity of the indirect immunofluorescent test (IIFT) for toxoplasmosis and clinical findings in a population of 328 children with cerebral infantile palsy (CIP) was performed. Children were distributed by age in one of four groups: I (0-2 years); II (3-6 years); III (7-12 years) and IV (13-18 years). One control group of 168 children with no PCI clinical findings was included. 125 sera were positive at 1:64 dilutions. The study of the binomial mother-child of 40 cases rendered 26 mothers with significant titer values. The majority of positive mothers to IIFT correlated with the youngest children (Groups I, II and III), mainly with group I (70.0%), which showed the highest titer ranges. Correlation between positive IIFT and clinical features was as high as 100.0%.

Microsporidiosis: estado actual de una nueva parasitosis / Microsporidiosis: current status of a new parasitosis

Los protozoos del orden Microsporida se han considerado como causantes de diversas patologías en pacientes con inmunodeficiencias severas. Aparentemente se trasmiten al humano por fecalismo, pero también se ha considerado la vía respiratoria. Los más afectados son adultos jóvenes del sexo masculino infectados con virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana. Entre los géneros más importantes se encuentran: Enterocytozoon, Encephalitozoom, Septata, Nosema y Pleistophora. Aún existen discrepancias en cuanto a la biología del parásito y poco se conoce acerca de su comportamiento dentro del humano. Se concluye que con el Advenimiento del SIDA, se están presentando múltiples nosologías por oportunistas que anteriormente no se consideraban como infecciones humanas. Este trabajo es una revisión de lo publicado de 1959 a 1995, relativo a aspectos epidemiológicos, clínicos, diagnósticos y terapéuticos

[Microsporidiosis: current state of a new parasitosis]. / Microsporidiosis: estado actual de una nueva parasitosis.

Protozoa of the order Microsporida have become regarded as causes of several pathologies in patients with severe immunodeficiencies. Apparently they are transmitted to the human through fecalism, but also the respiratory route has been considered. People most affected are young males infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. The most important genera are: Enterocytozoon, Encephalitozoon, Septata, Nosema and Pleistophora. There are discrepancies about the biology of these parasites and little is known of their behavior in the human host. It is concluded that with the advent of AIDS, many nosological entities by opportunistic organisms, that were not previously considered as human infections are appearing. This work is a review of the literature published from 1959 to 1995, related to epidemiological, clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects.

[Intestinal helminthiasis in the Mexican Republic]. / Las helmintiasis intestinales en la República Mexicana.

Very few uncertain and not trustworthy reports about the frequency of intestinal helminthiases found in humans have been made in México. However, with the few trustful studies carried out from 1981 to 1992, it is possible in México to verify that ascariasis, trichuriasis, hookworm infection and hymenolepiasis are present with significant percentages of infected people 11.2%, 1.7%, 0.15% and 1.8%, respectively. With the information obtained from the researches analyzed in this article, one can conclude that human infections by intestinal helminths in México, at the present time are almost as frequent as in past decades. Without any doubt, this occurs because still remain the factors that contribute to the persistence and spreading of the intestinal helminths, such as fecalism, poor hygienic and alimentary habits within deficient environmental sanitary conditions.

[Frequency of intestinal protozoosis in the Mexican Republic]. / Frecuencia de las protozoosis intestinales en la República Mexicana.

The reports about the frequency of intestinal protozooses found in humans who live in different localities of the Mexican Republic, are in general uncertain and not trustworthy, possibly because very few and poor epidemiological surveys have been undertaken in the country. However, with the few trustful studies carried out (1981 to 1991), it is possible in Mexico, to verify that amibiasis, giardiasis and criptosporidiosis are present with significant percentages of infection: 30.6, 22.3 and 39.3% respectively. With the summary of the researches analyzed in this article, one can conclude that human infections by intestinal protozoa in the Mexican Republic, at the present time, are almost as frequent as in past decades. This occurs because still remain the factors that contribute to the persistence and spreading of intestinal parasites, such as fecalism, poor hygienic and alimentary habits, within a deficient environmental sanitation.

[Current status of knowledge on Chagas' disease in the Mexican Republic]. / Estado actual de los conocimientos sobre la enfermedad de Chagas en la República Mexicana.

A thorough review of the medical literature is made regarding Chagas' disease in Mexico and elsewhere since 1939, when Trypanosoma cruzi was first reported in this country, until 1991. The location where human cases, non human reservoirs and vectors have been found and are pointed out by means of tables and charts. Comments are made regarding the results reported. The importance of increasing the studies of Chagas' disease in Mexican Republic is stressed.

Seropositividad a Tripanosoma cruzi en cuatro grupos de población del estado de Oaxaca / Seropositivity to Trypanosoma cruzi in four population groups of the Oaxaca State

Con el antecedente del hallazgo en el estado de Oaxaca de casos agudos de enfermedad de Chagas detectados por la Comisión Nacional para la Erradicación del Paludismo y con objeto de poner de manifiesto la importancia de esta parasitosis en dicho estado, se llevó a cabo el presente estudio por medio de un muestreo de la población humana en cuatro municipios, con un total de 1.210 sueros procesados mediante la técnica de hemaglutinación indirecta. Los resultados dieron 158 negativos y 1.052 reactores con anticuerpos de los que 111 se consideraron positivos. Llama la atención la seropositividad detectada en el grupo de los escolares

Primer caso de megaesofago con serologia positiva a Trypanosoma cruzi / The first case of megaesophagus with positive serology to Trypanosoma cruzi

Se presenta el primer caso de mefaesofago chagasico en la Republica Mexicana diagnosticado por medio de la serologia, sus antecedentes epidemiologicos, los datos clinicos y la histopatologia. Se hace enfasis en la importancia que dia a dia cobra la enfermedad de Chagas en el pais