The earthquake hazard and small business

This paper presents our current understanding of earthquake risk reduction and small business, with special reference to the easterm and Central United states, where is the potential for strong, but infrequent earthquakes, It is based on a literature review and our own research, still in progress. Three topics are emphasized: (1) alternative approaches to earthquake hazard risk reduction, (2) insurance as a loss reduction measure, and (3)unanswered questions requiring further research. Our research is oriented toward developing practical policy advice for businesses and for local, state, and national governments (AU)

Seismic risk considerations for transportation systems

During the recent Loma Prieta Earthquake, major damage to certain key transportation elements greatly affected operations of major transportation systems within the San Francisco Bay Area. This experience has underscored the need to utilize seismic risk analysis concepts to optimize the planning and implementation of seismic risk reduction measures for transportation systems. Accordingly, this paper summarizes how seismic risk analysis can be applied to transportation system networks, and discusses the potential benefits of such analysis applications.(AU)