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1.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother ; 49(2): 663-7, 2005 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15673749

ABSTRACT

We conducted a multicenter, randomized, open-label trial to compare mefloquine with a 3-day quinine plus sulphalene-pyrimethamine (SP) regimen for the treatment of imported uncomplicated malaria acquired in Africa. The end points of the study were efficacy, tolerability, and length of hospital stay. From July 1999 to February 2003, 187 patients were enrolled in five centers in Italy, of whom 93 were randomized to receive mefloquine (the M group) and 94 were randomized to receive quinine plus SP (the QSP group). Immigrants and visiting relatives and friends represented 90% of the cases and were mainly from western African countries. A slightly increased proportion of cases in the QSP group had abnormal alanine aminotransferase levels at the baseline. The early cure rate was similar in the two groups: 98.9% (confidence interval [CI] = 97 to 100%) in the M group and 96.8% (CI = 93 to 100%) in the QSP group. The extended follow-up was completed by 135 subjects (72.2%), and no case of recrudescence was detected. There were no differences in the parasite clearance time, but patients in the M group had shorter mean fever clearance time (35.9 h versus 44.4 h for the QSP group; P = 0.05) and a shorter mean hospital stay (3.9 days versus 4.6 days for the QSP group; P = 0.007). The overall proportions of reported side effects were similar in the two groups, but patients in the M group had a significantly higher rate of central nervous system disturbances (29.0% versus 9.6% for the QSP group; P < 0.001).


Subject(s)
Antimalarials/therapeutic use , Malaria, Falciparum/drug therapy , Mefloquine/therapeutic use , Pyrimethamine/therapeutic use , Quinine/therapeutic use , Sulfalene/therapeutic use , Adult , Africa , Antimalarials/adverse effects , Double-Blind Method , Drug Combinations , Drug Therapy, Combination , Endpoint Determination , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Italy , Malaria, Falciparum/parasitology , Male , Mefloquine/adverse effects , Middle Aged , Prospective Studies , Pyrimethamine/adverse effects , Quinine/adverse effects , Sulfalene/adverse effects
2.
Int J STD AIDS ; 14(9): 591-5, 2003 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14511494

ABSTRACT

We have assessed prevalence, incidence, and factors associated with increased risk for Chlamydia trachomatis genital infection among female migrant sex workers in Italy. In a prospective, observational study, women were offered free screening for sexually transmitted diseases and C. trachomatis was tested by a commercial ligase chain reaction assay in endocervical specimens. Of the 101 women tested, 14 (14%) were positive. The odds ratio (OR) for C. trachomatis infection was significantly higher for females under 24 years (OR=4.31), women from Eastern Europe (OR=4.80), and migrants less than 12 months in Italy (OR=4.41). In a multivariate logistic regression model, only origin from Eastern Europe remained independently associated to a higher risk for C. trachomatis infection (OR=6.05). This study provides evidence for high prevalence and incidence of C. trachomatis genital infection in migrant sex workers. Women from Eastern Europe have a significantly higher risk. These data reinforce the need for targeted control interventions.


Subject(s)
Chlamydia Infections/epidemiology , Chlamydia trachomatis , Sex Work , Transients and Migrants/statistics & numerical data , Adolescent , Adult , Ethnicity , Female , Health Behavior , Humans , Incidence , Italy/epidemiology , Logistic Models , Mass Screening , Mobile Health Units , Multivariate Analysis , Prevalence , Prospective Studies , Risk Factors
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