Comparative analysis of the effect of 4MATRIX with and without PRF on regeneration of infrabony periodontal pockets.

Aim: The aim was to compare the effect in improvement of periodontal pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment level (CAL) between application of 4MATRIX and 4 MATRIX combined with PRF in advanced periodontal disease during follow-up of 6, 12 and 18 months. Methods: Thirty patients of both genders aged 25-50 years were included. The patients were clinically and radiologically diagnosed with generalized advanced chronic periodontitis with the presence of periodontal pockets with a depth of ≥ 5 mm bilaterally in the upper jaw. Both sides were treated with a flap intervention in all patients. On one side a bone substitute 4MATRIX was applied, and the other side was treated with an application 4MATRIX and PRF. The clinical assessment and measurements were performed in four stages, immediately before the intervention, and then 6, 12 and 18 months after the intervention. PPD and CAL were determined in all four timepoints. Results: PPD was the highest at zero time before the surgery for both groups and was 5.56 ± 0.28 mm. In the postoperative follow-up period, the PPD value decreased gradually with the lowest average value of 5.10 ± 0.18 mm after 18 months in Group I and 4.67 ± 0.13 mm in Group II (p < 0.001, respectively). Moreover, comparing the values of PPD at 6, 12 and 18 months after the surgery, a significant difference was found between the patients from the 4MATRIX vs 4MATRIX + PRF (p < 0.001 respectively). The postoperative follow-up period showed a decrease in CAL value with the lowest value after 18 months. A significant difference in CAL was found between the four measurement times (p < 0.001, respectively). The average level of CAL was the highest before surgical treatment in both groups. The intergroup analysis of CAL after 18 months in group I (4MATRIX) was 5.27 ± 0.17 mm and in group II 4.10 ± 0.14 mm (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Treatment of adult patients with advanced chronic periodontitis with periodontal pockets of ≥ 5 mm bilaterally in the upper jaw using 4MATRIX and 4MATRIX + PRF showed improvement of PPD and lower CAL loss after 18 months of the treatment. In the group treated with 4MATRIX + PRF patients showed the highest improvement in PPD and CAL loss. The analysis of treatment with 4MATRIX and 4MATRIX + PRF showed the lowest values after 18 months of the treatment.

Application of 4MATRIX and PRF in the Treatment of Infrabone Defects in Chronic Periodontopathy.

BACKGROUND: Periodontal disease also called gum disease is a serious gum infection that damages the soft tissue and, without treatment, can destroy the bone and result in different types of alveolar bone defects. That means that periodontal pockets are present and registered only in case of periodontal disease. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to observe the effect of 4MATRIX and PRF application in the treatment of infrabone defect over case report. MATERIAL AND METHODS: By using regenerative surgical periodontal therapy 4MATRIX bone substituent with 4MATRIX and PRF for elimination of deep pockets or periodontal disease was performed among patient at selected sites. CASE REPORT: The patient's periodontal condition has followed 3, 6- and 9-month period. The patient's oral health-related quality of life showed a marked improvement after periodontal surgery therapy. CONCLUSION: Additional application of PRF and 4MATRIX in conventional surgical treatment of infrabone defects showed decreased values of PPD and CAL registered in the segment treated after 9 months of treatment.

Determination of the Role of Fusobacterium Nucleatum in the Pathogenesis in and Out the Mouth.

INTRODUCTION: One of the most important types of microorganisms in the oral cavity in both healthy and non-healthy individuals is Fusobacterium nucleatum. Although present as a normal resident in the oral cavity, this Gram-negative pathogen is dominant in periodontal disease and it is involved in many invasive infections in the population, acute and chronic inflammatory conditions, as well as many adverse events with a fatal outcome. AIM: To determine the role of F. nucleatum in the development of polymicrobial biofilms thus pathogenic changes in and out of the oral media. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A systematic review of the literature concerning the determination and role of F. nucleatum through available clinical trials, literature reviews, original research and articles published electronically at Pub Med and Google Scholar. CONCLUSION: The presence of Fusobacterium nucleatum is commonly associated with the health status of individuals. These anaerobic bacteria plays a key role in oral pathological conditions and has been detected in many systemic disorders causing complex pathogenethic changes probably due to binding ability to various cells thus several virulence mechanisms. Most common diseases and conditions in the oral cavity associated with F.nucleatum are gingivitis (G), chronic periodontitis (CH), aggressive periodontitis (AgP), endo-periodental infections (E-P), chronic apical periodontitis (PCHA). The bacterium has been identified and detected in many systemic disorders such as coronary heart disease (CVD) pathological pregnancy (P); polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), high-risk pregnancy (HRP), colorectal cancer (CRC); pre-eclampsia (PE); rheumatoid arthritis (RA); osteoarthritis (OA).