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Rev Neurol ; 61(6): 261-70, 2015 Sep 16.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26350777

ABSTRACT

Different gastrointestinal symptoms, such as excessive salivation, deterioration and other disorders affecting the teeth, dysphagia, gastroparesis, gastroesophageal reflux, constipation, difficult defecation or loss of weight are frequent events in all the stages of the development of Parkinson's disease and affect at least a third of the patients. These symptoms reflect the dysfunction of the enteric nervous system, and the stomach is one of the organs where alpha-synuclein is first deposited. Other factors, such as the dysfunction of structures in the central nervous system like the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagal nerve, hormonal factors or secondary effects deriving from the consumption of antiparkinsonian drugs, are involved in its origin. The present article offers a detailed review of the epidemiological, pathophysiological, clinical and therapeutic management aspects of the different gastrointestinal symptoms in Parkinson's disease.


TITLE: Gastroparesia y otros sintomas gastrointestinales en la enfermedad de Parkinson.Diferentes sintomas gastrointestinales, como salivacion excesiva, deterioro y otros trastornos de las piezas dentarias, disfagia, gastroparesia, reflujo gastroesofagico, estreñimiento, dificultades en la defecacion o perdida de peso, son frecuentes en todos los estadios evolutivos de la enfermedad de Parkinson y afectan al menos a un tercio de los pacientes. Estos sintomas reflejan la disfuncion del sistema nervioso enterico, siendo el estomago uno de los organos donde mas precozmente se deposita la alfa-sinucleina. Otros factores, como la disfuncion de estructuras del sistema nervioso central como el nucleo motor dorsal del nervio vago, factores hormonales o efectos secundarios derivados del consumo de farmacos antiparkinsonianos estan implicados en su origen. El presente articulo revisa en detalle aspectos epidemiologicos, fisiopatologicos, clinicos y de manejo terapeutico de los diferentes sintomas gastrointestinales en la enfermedad de Parkinson.


Subject(s)
Digestive System Diseases/etiology , Enteric Nervous System/physiopathology , Parkinson Disease/complications , Antiparkinson Agents/adverse effects , Antiparkinson Agents/therapeutic use , Bruxism/etiology , Bruxism/physiopathology , Comorbidity , Deglutition Disorders/etiology , Deglutition Disorders/physiopathology , Digestive System Diseases/physiopathology , Gastrointestinal Hormones/metabolism , Gastroparesis/etiology , Gastroparesis/physiopathology , Humans , Malnutrition/etiology , Parkinson Disease/drug therapy , Parkinson Disease/physiopathology , Sialorrhea/etiology , Sialorrhea/physiopathology , Symptom Assessment , Vagus Nerve/physiopathology , Weight Loss
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