ABSTRACT
Stiffness of the arterial wall and predicted vascular age as a predictor of cardiovascular disease when stress-induced hypertension in the military personnel. On the basis of the study of 156 men aged 30-55 years are considered diagnostic methods for stress-induced hypertension in the military personnel. Furthermore, using modern diagnostic methods determined stress effect on the development of stress-induced hypertension, and also the risk of cardiovascular diseases. In order to detect early signs of atherosclerosis used sphygmography, by means of which was determined by cardio ankle vascular index (CA VI), as well as the calculated vascular age. The study proposed a set of organizational, diagnostic and therapeutic measures to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases among military personnel exposed to occupational stressful load.
Subject(s)
Ankle Brachial Index , Arteriosclerosis , Hypertension , Stress, Psychological , Tunica Media , Vascular Stiffness , Adult , Arteriosclerosis/etiology , Arteriosclerosis/pathology , Arteriosclerosis/physiopathology , Humans , Hypertension/etiology , Hypertension/pathology , Hypertension/physiopathology , Male , Middle Aged , Stress, Psychological/complications , Stress, Psychological/pathology , Stress, Psychological/physiopathology , Tunica Media/physiology , Tunica Media/physiopathologyABSTRACT
Neurological findings of 37 hydrocephalic children are analysed. The involvement of cranial nerves into a pathological process is shown. Optic, oculomotor, and abducent nerves and the first branch of the trigeminal nerve more frequently suffer. There are significant dysfunctions of the posterior longitudinal fascicle.
Subject(s)
Hydrocephalus/diagnosis , Child , Child, Preschool , Cranial Nerves/physiopathology , Eye Movements , Female , Fundus Oculi , Humans , Hydrocephalus/physiopathology , Hydrocephalus/surgery , Infant , Male , Neurologic ExaminationABSTRACT
Analysis of the transition of local myoclonus into the generalized epileptic attack allowed the authors to distinguish between two morphological-functional systems. The first one provides the motor component, the other the sensory one.
Subject(s)
Athetosis/diagnosis , Chorea/diagnosis , Encephalitis, Tick-Borne/complications , Epilepsy/diagnosis , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Epilepsies, Myoclonic/classification , Epilepsies, Myoclonic/diagnosis , Epilepsy/classification , Epilepsy/etiology , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Unilateral local lesions of head soft tissues and skull bones suggest the hematoma localization. Mydriasis and pyramidal signs are no reliable indications of the site of intracranial hemorrhage. This makes it necessary to juxtapose all the signs of brain and skull lesions with due consideration of the severity of the patient's state and the time of trauma.
Subject(s)
Cerebral Hemorrhage/diagnosis , Hematoma, Subdural/diagnosis , Skull Fractures/complications , Cerebral Hemorrhage/etiology , Cerebral Hemorrhage/pathology , Functional Laterality , Hematoma, Epidural, Cranial/diagnosis , Hematoma, Epidural, Cranial/etiology , Hematoma, Epidural, Cranial/pathology , Hematoma, Subdural/etiology , Hematoma, Subdural/pathology , Humans , Severity of Illness IndexABSTRACT
A retrospective analysis of the structure of focal somatomotor fits with tonic convulsions of the upper limbs was carried out in connection with the unresponsiveness of these patients to surgical intervention into the sensomotor cortex. An analogy was revealed between the arm position during the paroxysm and its position in defense. Since the defense reflex is generated in the subcortical formations of the brain and above all in the caudate nucleus it is suggested that the latter is responsible for the generation of the described paroxysms. It is proposed, therefore, that the above paroxysms should be called a striopallidal form of subcortical epilepsy.
Subject(s)
Corpus Striatum , Epilepsies, Partial/diagnosis , Adolescent , Adult , Caudate Nucleus/physiology , Electric Stimulation , Electroencephalography , Epilepsies, Partial/surgery , Female , Globus Pallidus , Humans , Male , Reflex/physiology , Thalamic NucleiABSTRACT
A group of epileptic patients in whom the seizures were accompanied with false sensations was examined. An analysis of the results of the clinico-physiological examinations has shown that such sensations arise on electric stimulation of the thalamic nuclei. This gives one grounds to believe that it is the thalamus which is a structure responsible for the generation of such kind of seizures. This supposition is confirmed to a certain extent by the negative results of surgical intervention on the sensomotor cortex zone in 9 patients. This zone of the cortex is, probably, involved later: as a result of this a complicated cortico-subcortical epileptic system is formed. The leading role in this system belongs most probably to the thalamus.
Subject(s)
Epilepsy/diagnosis , Sensation , Thalamic Nuclei/physiopathology , Adolescent , Adult , Electroencephalography , Epilepsy/complications , Epilepsy/physiopathology , Female , Humans , Male , Motor Cortex/physiopathology , Paresthesia/complications , Parietal Lobe/physiopathology , Seizures/complications , Somatosensory Cortex/physiopathologyABSTRACT
Two groups of patients were studied: group 1 with a brain tumor and epileptic syndrome and group 2 with epilepsy of traumatic or infectious origin. In both diseases transient collapse symptoms occurred in the post-seizure period. The development of these symptoms was analysed. It was established that with the recurrence of the paroxysms in cases with cerebral new growths the transient collapse change to permanent ones which in turn become deeper from seizure to seizure. In patients with epilepsy of traumatic or infectious etiology, no change of transient collapse to permanent ones of intensification of the latter was encountered. The dynamic symptoms described are of differential diagnostic importance in distinguishing these diseases.
Subject(s)
Brain Neoplasms/diagnosis , Epilepsy/diagnosis , Paralysis/diagnosis , Adolescent , Adult , Astrocytoma/diagnosis , Brain Diseases/complications , Cerebral Cortex , Diagnosis, Differential , Epilepsy/etiology , Epilepsy, Post-Traumatic/diagnosis , Female , Humans , Infections/complications , Male , Middle Aged , Speech Disorders/diagnosis , SyndromeABSTRACT
Under study there was a group of 16 patients with seizures the structure of which included sideward adversion of the head or the head and the eyes. Surgical interventions on the cortex of the premotor and motor zones have given no positive effect in these patients. After the operation the seizures did not cease, moreover, they even retained their former structure. Anatomic and clinicophysiological findings have shown that the head adversion as a manifestation of the orientation reflex occurs on irritation of the thalamostrial system, and of the caudate nucleus, in particular. The seizures studied could be identified, as regards their outward manifestation, with the orientation reflex. This gives one grounds to think that it is subcortical structures, and first of all, the caudate nucleus, which are responsible for the paroxysm type described. On this basis a striopallidar form of epilepsy is distinguished.
Subject(s)
Corpus Striatum , Epilepsies, Partial/diagnosis , Adolescent , Adult , Cerebral Decortication , Electroencephalography , Epilepsies, Partial/complications , Epilepsies, Partial/surgery , Eye Movements , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Frontal Lobe/surgery , Globus Pallidus , Head , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Movement , Reflex, Abnormal/complications , Temporal Lobe/surgeryABSTRACT
Development of post-seizure transient symptoms of lapse was studied in patients suffering from cerebral tumours with epileptic syndrome and from epilepsy of traumatic or infectious etiology. It has been found that in patients with cerebral tumours those symptoms are more frequent, more lasting and appear later (after the disease onset) than in patients with epilepsy of traumatic or infectious etiology. The principal difference, however, consists in the fact that the duration of the transient symptoms of lapse in the patients with cerebral tumours becomes longer from seizure to seizure: this is not the case in the patients with epilepsy. This dynamic symptom makes it possible to differentiate epilepsy of traumatic or infectious etiology from the epileptic syndrome caused by brain tumour before the development of intracranial hypertension. This feature is especially valuable, since it can be observed at the very beginning of the seizure period.
Subject(s)
Astrocytoma/complications , Brain Neoplasms/complications , Epilepsy/etiology , Adolescent , Adult , Arachnoiditis/complications , Astrocytoma/diagnosis , Brain Neoplasms/diagnosis , Diagnosis, Differential , Encephalitis/complications , Epilepsy, Post-Traumatic/diagnosis , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Paralysis/etiology , Sensation , Speech Disorders/etiology , Syndrome , Time FactorsABSTRACT
A long-term dynamic study of epilepsy permitted one to distinguish a group of patients (21), who had undergone cortical surgical operations in the sensomotor area. In this group of patients the epileptical seizures were not only arrested, but preserved their previous structure. In all observations, the attack included pain which had a nociceptive character, a disagreeable emotional shading, was exceptionally intensive, diffuse, spreaded along a wide body area, was localized in the deep tissues and migrated intermittently during the seizure, respective to the somatotopic representation in the brain. The anatomo-physiological data suggest that such painful sensations are due to the irritation of the nonspecific thalamus nuclei and first of all, the medium center. This assumption is supported by the clinico-physiological studies of some authors, as well as by the negative results of surgical operations in this group of patients, despite the removal of the assumed epileptical focus in the cortex. The studies indicate that the main epileptical focus lies in the subcortical structures and particularly in the nonspecific thalamic nuclei.
