ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: to analyze metastatic prostate cancer progression in patients treated with hormonal blockade as well as second line hormonal treatments outcomes. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 199 metastatic patients were selected from a 455 hormonal treated patients pool. Time to biochemical progression was studied with Kaplan Meier analysis and patients were stratified according to pathological differentiation. Second line treatment lasting and efficacy were also assessed. RESULTS: 74 patients out of 192 metastatic patients (56.1%) progressed in terms of PSA. Median time to biochemical progression was 1.7 years (1.2-2.3, CI 95%). We did not find stadistical differences on pathological differentiation (p = 0.238). Second line treatment's efficacy, applied to 41 patients was 34.1%, without any stadistical differences among these treatments. Response treatment median time was 6.8 months without stadistical differences among different treatments (p = 0.220). CONCLUSIONS: hormonal blockade efficacy in metastatic prostate cancer has a limited value in time in our experience. One third of these patients have a limited response to a second line treatment although this response is even shorter in duration.
Subject(s)
Androgen Antagonists/therapeutic use , Orchiectomy , Prostatic Neoplasms/pathology , Prostatic Neoplasms/therapy , Aged , Humans , Male , Neoplasm Metastasis , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
Objetivos: analizar la evolución de los pacientes con cáncer de próstata metastásico sometidos a bloqueo androgénico hasta la progresión de la enfermedad, así como la eficacia de los tratamientos hormonales de segunda línea aplicados. Material y métodos: de 455 pacientes sometidos a bloqueo androgénico se seleccionaron 192 en estadio metastático. En éstos se analizó el tiempo desde el inicio del tratamiento hasta la progresión de PSA, estratificándose a los pacientes en función del grado de diferenciación histológica, mediante un análisis Kaplan-Meier. Asimismo se analizó la respuesta a manipulaciones hormonales de segunda línea aplicadas en términos de eficacia y duración de la misma. Resultados: de 192 pacientes con estadio clínico metastático al inicio del bloqueo, 74 (56,1%) presentaron progresión de PSA. La mediana de tiempo hasta la aparición de dicha progresión fue de 1,7 años (1,2-2,3; IC95), no hallándose diferencias al estratificar a los pacientes en función del grado de diferenciación al diagnóstico (p=0,238). La eficacia global del tratamiento hormonal de segunda línea, aplicado a 41 pacientes, fue de 34,1%, sin hallarse diferencias entre las tres modalidades. La mediana de tiempo de duración de dicha respuesta fue de 6,8 meses, no objetivándose diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre modalidades (p=0,220). Conclusiones: en nuestra experiencia, la eficacia del bloqueo hormonal en pacientes con cáncer prostático metastásico tiene una duración limitada. Aproximadamente un tercio de estos pacientes responde a manipulación hormonal de segunda línea, aunque la duración de dicha respuesta es aún más limitada
Objective: to analyze metastatic prostate cancer progression in patients treated with hormonal blockade as well as second line hormonal treatments outcomes. Patients and Methods: 199 metastatic patients were selected from a 455 hormonal treated patients pool. Time to biochemical progression was studied with Kaplan Meier analysis and patients were stratified according to pathological differentiation. Second line treatment lasting and efficacy were also assessed. Results:74 patients out of 192 metastatic patients (56.1%) progressed in terms of PSA. Median time to biochemical progression was 1.7 years (1.2-2.3, CI 95%). We did not find stadistical differences on pathological differentiation (p=0.238). Second line treatments efficacy, applied to 41 patients was 34.1%, without any stadistical differences among these treatments. Response treatment median time was 6.8 months without stadistical differences among different treatments (p=0.220). Conclusions: hormonal blockade efficacy in metastatic prostate cancer has a limited value in time in our experience. One third of these patients have a limited response to a second line treatment although this response is even shorter in duration
Subject(s)
Male , Aged , Humans , Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/therapeutic use , Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood , Androgen Antagonists/therapeutic use , Prostatic Neoplasms/drug therapy , Treatment Outcome , Time Factors , Neoplasm Staging , Prostatic Neoplasms/secondaryABSTRACT
The solvation parameter model has been applied to the specific retention volumes of 65 solutes of varied polarity on glass capillary columns coated with commercial and synthesized poly(methylcyanopropyl)siloxanes (CNPXX) with eight different percentages of cyanopropyl group (CNP). Their system constants were determined at 75, 90, 105 and 120 degrees C. The polymers examined do not either show any acidity (b = 0) or interact with solute pi/n electrons (e = 0); the prominent constants, dipolarity/polarizability and hydrogen-bond basicity, are of the same order (s approximately a), and the cavity formation/dispersive forces have normal values. Constants s, l and a decrease linearly with temperature for each cyanopropyl percentage. At each temperature, the constants s and a increase with polarity of polymer according to a curve, while the constant l decreases slightly. Cluster analysis shows that six CNPXX with medium to high cyanopropyl substitution integrate into a group with other high-polarity cyano-containing stationary phases taken from the literature, while the other three CNPXX with low CNP percentage form a group with other low-polarity stationary phases of different chemical nature. These clusters are supported by the dendrogram of 52 stationary phases made with the nine polymers presented here and other 43 taken from the literature.
Subject(s)
Chromatography, Gas/instrumentation , Nitriles/chemistry , Polymers/chemistry , Siloxanes/chemistry , Chromatography, Gas/methods , Cluster Analysis , Nitriles/chemical synthesis , Polymers/chemical synthesis , Principal Component Analysis , Reproducibility of Results , Siloxanes/chemical synthesis , Solubility , TemperatureABSTRACT
The method of solvation model has been applied to five poly (methyl-trifluoropropyl) siloxanes (TFPSXX) prepared in our laboratories, at five trifluoropropyl (TFP) group contents, XX = 0, 11.5, 26.3, 35.5 and 50.0%, at 80, 100, 120 and 140 degrees C. Previously, specific retention volumes of 60-odd solutes of varied polarities were measured upon each of these stationary phases within the above temperature range. Constant s prevails over all other constants, TFPSXX stationary phases showing strong dipole/induced dipole forces with the solutes, moderate acidity and no basicity at all. Constant e is zero in the stationary phase without TFP groups, but has negative low-medium values for the other fluorine contents, XX from 11.5 to 50.0%, hinting at repulsive forces, as expected. Normal values for constant l, decreasing from the less cohesive TFPS00 to the more cohesive TFPS50, were found. For each TFP content constants s, a and l show a negative temperature dependence, while constant e increases as temperature increases. Constant c also decreases with increasing temperature. At each temperature, constants s and a increase with increasing %TFP (or increasing stationary phase polarity), whereas constants e and l show the opposite trend, diminishing with increasing polarity of the stationary phase. Principal component analysis shows that the five stationary phases presented in this work conform a group with other earlier synthesized trifluoropropyl siloxanes and other fluorinated stationary phases taken from literature: VB-210, QF-1, DB-200, DB-210 and PFS6, showing the same selectivity which only the fluorine atom confers. A dendrogram of 38 stationary phases supports these results.
Subject(s)
Chromatography, Gas/instrumentation , Dimethylpolysiloxanes/chemistry , Dimethylpolysiloxanes/chemical synthesis , Principal Component Analysis , TemperatureABSTRACT
Crouzon's syndrome is a complex craniosynostosis disorder due to mutations in fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) type 2. We report a female patient with Crouzon's syndrome associated with acanthosis nigricans. The molecular abnormality in this patient is a point mutation (Ala391Glu) in the transmembrane domain of another FGFR (type 3), which is very close to the mutation (Gly380Arg) most frequently observed in achondroplasia. Acanthosis nigricans is an emerging disorder. Its clinical features and molecular findings differ from those of isolated Crouzon's syndrome. These data are very useful when molecular tests are required for prenatal diagnosis.
Subject(s)
Acanthosis Nigricans/complications , Craniofacial Dysostosis/complications , Acanthosis Nigricans/diagnosis , Brain/diagnostic imaging , Craniofacial Dysostosis/diagnosis , Craniofacial Dysostosis/diagnostic imaging , Craniofacial Dysostosis/genetics , Diagnosis, Differential , Facies , Female , Fibroblast Growth Factor 2/genetics , Fibroblast Growth Factor 3 , Fibroblast Growth Factors/genetics , Humans , Infant , Point Mutation , Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics , Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor/genetics , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
The study area is characterized by a maritime Mediterranean climate, abundant presence of Chenopodiaceae in the vegetation, and a high incidence of pollinosis caused by the pollen of this family. A Hirst-type sampler was used to determine pollen concentrations in the air of the city of Huelva during 3 consecutive years (1995-1997). The total annual amount of Chenopodiaceae-Amaranthaceae pollen was between 10.59% and 6.28% of the pollen spectrum of the city, depending on the year. The annual pattern of variation in pollen concentration (5-day means) was very similar in the 3 years, and no statistically significant differences were found between years. This pattern is characterized by concentrations not exceeding 20 grains/m3 between April and the beginning of August, with an obvious seasonal variation in the second half of August and September, when the 5-day mean concentrations exceeded 40 grains/m3 and the daily maxima exceeded 100 grains/m3. This coincided with the flowering of most of the species in the group. The meteorological parameters with a statistically significant effect on daily pollen concentration during the pollen season (August 15 to September 20) included mean temperature and south wind (positive correlations) and relative humidity of the air (negative correlation). The highest intradiurnal concentrations were found between 10:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m.
Subject(s)
Chenopodiaceae , Magnoliopsida , Pollen , Allergens , Humans , Hypersensitivity, Immediate/immunology , Meteorological Concepts , Seasons , Skin Tests , SpainABSTRACT
Los casos de sindrome alcohol fetal (SAF) descriptos representan el 0,36% de ingresos de ninos en grave riesgo psicosocial registrados entre 1979 y 1982.Se presentan sus caracteristicas clinicas, el examen cromosomico y evolucion. El alcoholismo materno es causal de abandono condicionando carencias nutricionales y afectivas posteriores al nacimiento.Se considera una patologia completamente prevenible
Subject(s)
Infant , Humans , Fetal Alcohol Spectrum DisordersABSTRACT
Los casos de sindrome alcohol fetal (SAF) descriptos representan el 0,36% de ingresos de ninos en grave riesgo psicosocial registrados entre 1979 y 1982.Se presentan sus caracteristicas clinicas, el examen cromosomico y evolucion. El alcoholismo materno es causal de abandono condicionando carencias nutricionales y afectivas posteriores al nacimiento.Se considera una patologia completamente prevenible
