Subject(s)
Courtship/psychology , Crime Victims/psychology , Internet , Intimate Partner Violence/psychology , Risk-Taking , Sexual Behavior/psychology , Substance-Related Disorders/psychology , Adolescent , Belgium , Crime Victims/statistics & numerical data , Female , Humans , Intimate Partner Violence/statistics & numerical data , Male , Sexual Behavior/statistics & numerical data , Surveys and Questionnaires , Young AdultABSTRACT
Preservation of the inframammary fold (IMF) at the time of mastectomy facilitates immediate breast reconstruction. Twenty-four IMF specimens were removed separately after mastectomy for cancer, were serially sectioned, and were examined histologically. Computer image analysis was used to calculate the percentage of breast tissue in each specimen. The mean volume of IMF tissue removed was 99 cm3 (27.3-205.2 cm3), and the mean area examined histologically was 3,036.3 mm2 (294-11,755 mm2). Breast tissue was identified in 13 of the 24 specimens. All cases were negative for carcinoma, but one case had a focus of ductal hyperplasia, usual type. The mean percent breast tissue in those positive for breast tissue was 0.04 percent and 0.02 percent overall. Preservation of the IMF leaves a minimal amount of breast tissue and does not appreciably effect the completeness of a mastectomy.
Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms/surgery , Mastectomy/methods , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Breast/pathology , Female , Humans , Hyperplasia , Middle AgedABSTRACT
The partitioned free jejunal flap has proven useful in cases where soft-tissue coverage is required after pharyngeal reconstruction. It provides durable coverage and eliminates a second flap procedure.
Subject(s)
Neck/surgery , Pharynx/surgery , Surgical Flaps/methods , Aged , Humans , Jejunum , MaleABSTRACT
Recent reports suggest that forskolin can produce ocular hypotension in laboratory animals and man by enhancing formation of cyclic AMP. This proposed mechanism of action implies that forskolin lowers intraocular pressure (IOP) by activating adenylate cyclase at some postjunctional site. Intra-arterial (i.a.) injections of forskolin (10, 33, 100 & 333 micrograms) into the cat nictitating membrane (CNM) preparation produced dose-related inhibition of contractions elicited by electrical stimulation of pre-and postganglionic sympathetic neurons. Interestingly, contractions elicited by i.a. norepinephrine were inhibited less than neuronally mediated contractions. Topically applied forskolin (0.5 mg) to the eyes of unilaterally sympathectomized (SX) rabbits and normal rabbits elicited ocular hypotension in the innervated eyes only. Forskolin (0.5 mg, topically) suppressed the rise in IOP induced by water loading in normal rabbits but was significantly less effective in SX rabbits. These results suggest that forskolin lowered IOP in rabbits and suppressed contraction of the electrically-stimulated CNM, in part, by inhibiting sympathetic neuronal function.
