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1.
Clin Exp Immunol ; 174(2): 256-64, 2013 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23901889

ABSTRACT

Graves' disease (GD) is an autoimmune disease that involves aberrant B and T lymphocyte responses. Detailed knowledge about lymphocyte subpopulation composition will therefore enhance our understanding of the pathogenesis of GD and might support the development of new immunomodulatory treatment approaches. The aim of this study was to gain detailed insight into the composition of the peripheral blood lymphocyte compartment in GD before and during anti-thyroid drug therapy. Major B and T lymphocyte subpopulations were investigated by flow cytometry in peripheral blood from newly diagnosed GD patients (n = 5), GD patients treated with anti-thyroid drugs (n = 4), patients with recurrent GD (n = 7) and healthy controls (HC; n = 10). In GD patients, numbers of activated T lymphocytes [human leucocyte antigen D-related (HLA-DR)⁺ and CD25⁺] were increased. The B lymphocyte compartment in GD was characterized by significantly higher numbers of transitional (CD38(high) CD27⁻, P < 0.03) and pre-naive mature (CD38(low) CD27⁻ IgD⁺ CD5⁺, P < 0.04) B lymphocytes, while memory populations were slightly decreased. The increased numbers of CD5⁺, transitional and pre-naive mature B lymphocytes correlated positively with fT4 plasma levels. GD is associated with increased numbers of activated T lymphocytes and transitional and pre-naive mature CD5⁺ B lymphocytes within the peripheral blood. The increase in CD5⁺ B lymphocytes was due mainly to an increase in transitional and pre-naive mature B lymphocytes. Increased fT4 plasma levels might be associated with this increase in transitional and pre-naive mature CD5⁺ B lymphocytes.


Subject(s)
Blood Circulation/immunology , Graves Disease/immunology , Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology , Lymphoid Progenitor Cells/immunology , T-Lymphocytes/immunology , Adult , Antigens, CD/metabolism , Cell Differentiation , Cell Proliferation , Female , HLA-DR Antigens/metabolism , Humans , Immunologic Memory , Immunophenotyping , Lymphocyte Activation , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult
2.
Rheumatol Int ; 32(8): 2487-90, 2012 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21833530

ABSTRACT

Adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) is known as a systemic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology and pathogenesis, characterized by fever, skin eruptions, systemic organ involvement, and arthralgias. AOSD is difficult to diagnose because of its heterogeneous clinical manifestations and prevalence (although more prevalent in the young, onset of AOSD after the age of 60 has also been described), and absence of pathognomonic clinical features. The disease also lacks a specific diagnostic test. To date, association studies between AOSD and HLA loci have failed to indentify a genetic predisposition. The recent publication of entirely different PET-CT manifestations found in three patients who were supposed to have the same disease (AOSD), as well as the surprisingly different PET-CT images of our AOSD patient (accumulation in the carotids and large vessels of the legs), raises our suspicion that AOSD is actually not one entity but a constellation of disorders whose varying underlying pathologies are now being revealed by new imaging techniques.


Subject(s)
Carotid Artery Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Lower Extremity/blood supply , Multimodal Imaging , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Positron-Emission Tomography , Still's Disease, Adult-Onset/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Whole Body Imaging , Adult , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/therapeutic use , Biopsy , Carotid Artery Diseases/drug therapy , Carotid Artery Diseases/etiology , Drug Therapy, Combination , Glucocorticoids/therapeutic use , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/drug therapy , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/etiology , Predictive Value of Tests , Still's Disease, Adult-Onset/classification , Still's Disease, Adult-Onset/complications , Still's Disease, Adult-Onset/drug therapy , Treatment Outcome
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