Longitudinal, Randomized, and Parallel Clinical Trial Comparing a Violet Light-Emitting Diodes System and In-Office Dental Bleaching: 6-Month Follow-Up.

Objective: This in vivo study compared two bleaching techniques with regard to the degree of tooth sensitivity (TS), color change, and treatment stability for a 6-month follow-up period. Materials and methods: Sixty volunteers were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria and submitted to in-office bleaching. For group 1, we performed one bleaching session with a 35% hydrogen peroxide gel and a second bleaching session after 7 days; for group 2, we performed two bleaching sessions with two applications per session, each session with a 7-day interval, using a light-emitting diodes (LEDs) device emitting violet light (405-410 nm) without employing peroxide-containing bleaching gel. TS was recorded immediately before and immediately after each bleaching session using the Variance Analogic Scale. The color of upper central incisors and upper canines at baseline was recorded immediately after each bleaching session, after 15, 30, and 180 days, with a value-oriented shade guide used by two well-trained observers. Results: The two whitening protocols results were similar regarding the immediate effectiveness and 6-month stability of tooth whitening. Dental bleaching with violet LED did not promote postoperative pain sensitivity at any of the evaluated times. However, dental bleaching performed with 35% hydrogen peroxide promoted higher postoperative pain sensitivity. Conclusions: The violet light alone provided dental bleaching and had the clinical advantage of promoting less immediate postoperative sensitivity; however, an unwanted repigmentation occurred after dental bleaching with light alone.

Evaluation of the effects of photobiomodulation on orthodontic movement of molar verticalization with mini-implant: A randomized double-blind protocol study.

INTRODUCTION: Loss of a dental element can generate several repercussions in the stomatognathic system. According to the latest survey by the Ministry of Health, in 2010, Brazilian adults had, on average, 7 missing teeth. This loss may lead to movement of the adjacent teeth and the antagonist, which would make prosthetic rehabilitation harder to do. Anchoring systems, such as mini-implants, have been increasingly used as a treatment option because they act with heavy but controlled forces and without side effects. Recent studies have shown that photobiomodulation (PBM) can accelerate orthodontic movement in molar intrusion. The objective of this study will be to evaluate the effect of PBM on the acceleration of the orthodontic movement of molar verticalization and its effect on pain and inflammation of the periodontal tissues. PATIENT CONCERNS:: the concerns assessments will be done over the study using anamnesis interviews and specific questionnaire. DIAGNOSIS: verticalization will be evaluated by clinical and radiographic analysis. INTERVENTIONS: Thirty four healthy patients aged 30 to 60 years, who need to recover the prosthetic space for oral rehabilitation after loss of the posterior inferior dental elements and inclination of the adjacent element, will be randomly divided into 2 groups: G1 (control group) - verticalization by mini-implant + PBM simulation (placebo); G2 (experimental group) - verticalization by mini-implant + PBM. The movements will occur with the aid of mini-implants and elastomeric chains ligatures. The PBM will occur with diode laser application, 808 nm, 100 mW, receiving 1J per point, 10 seconds, 10 points (5 per buccal and 5 per lingual) and radiant exposure of 25 J/cm. The orthodontic forces of verticalization (corresponding to any exchange of elastomeric ligation) will be applied every 30 days and the PBM will be applied immediately, 3 and 7 days of each month, for a period of 3 months. The crevicular gingival fluid (CGF) will be collected on the 1st, 3rd, and 7th days after the first activation, and then on the 3rd day of the following 2 months. OUTCOMES: Interleukins IL1ß, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF-α will be analyzed by ELISA. Panoramic radiography will be performed at baseline and 90 afterwards to ascertain the amount (in degrees) of verticalization. To evaluate the pain, the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) will be used in all the consultations, and to evaluate the quality of life, the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) questionnaire will be applied. Analgesics will be given and the quantity of drugs will be counted. If the data are normal, they will be submitted to Student t test. The data will be presented as means ± SD and the value of p will be defined as <0.05. DISCUSSION: This protocol will determine the effectiveness of photobiomoduation regarding the orthodontic movement of molar verticalization. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This protocol received approval from the Human Research Ethics Committee of Universidade Nove de Julho (certificate number: 3 533 219). The data will be published in a peer-reviewed periodical.

Efficacy of diode-emitting diode (LED) photobiomodulation in pain management, facial edema, trismus, and quality of life after extraction of retained lower third molars: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: In dentistry, one of the most common surgical procedures is the removal of retained third molars. This surgery generates great morbidity to the participants for causing pain, edema, and trismus due to surgical trauma. The objective of the present study is to evaluate the efficacy of photobiomodulation with light emitting diode (LED) in the control of pain, facial edema, trismus, and quality of life resulting from the extraction of retained lower third molars. METHODS: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial involving 38 adult participants, who meet the criteria of eligibility and agree to participate in the study. Before the surgeries are performed, the facial and mouth opening measures of all the participants will be taken. Immediately after the surgeries, participants will be randomized into 2 groups. In the LED group, participants will receive LED applications (intra oral with 660 nm, 12J and extraoral with 850 nm, 108J) in the immediate postoperative, first and second days after the surgical procedure. In the control group, the participants will be attended in the same way as in the LED group, however, the person in charge of the application will simulate the irradiation. Pain (EVA and NRS-101), postoperative edema, trismus, temperature, dysphagia, and hematoma will be evaluated after 1, 2, 5, and 7 days. The oral health impact profile (OHIP-14 Questionnaire) and anxiety analysis (Beck anxiety inventory -BAI) questionnaires will be applied preoperatively and 7 days after treatment. The appropriate statistical tests will be applied for each specific analysis in a significance level of 5%. DISCUSSION: Although the use of low-power laser in the postoperative has shown good results in the control of postoperative sequelae, this is the first study on the efficacy of the use of LED in this situation.

Signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders and their impact on psychosocial status in non-patient university student's population.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) exhibit a combination of signs and symptoms, mainly characterized by pain and dysfunction, which impairs the functional capacity of the mastication system. These symptoms may produce a negative impact on social activities, employment and leisure. The aim of this study was to early identify the signs and symptoms of TMD and their impact on daily life of non-patient university students. METHODS: Data were collected from 183 students of the dentistry course. The Axis II of the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders was administered and analyzed using Spearman test at a significance level of 0.05. RESULTS: Among the 183 participants, 107 were women (58.47%) and 76 were men (41.53%). Age ranged from 18 to 47, with a mean age of 25.35 years. In relation to pain intensity and disability, 129 participants (70.88%) reported no pain in the previous 6 months. An analysis of depression revealed that 35 (19.67%) had moderate and 7 (3.83%) had severe depression. The assessment of nonspecific physical symptoms including pain revealed that nine (4.92%) exhibited moderate symptoms, and one (0.55%) exhibited severe symptoms. The nonspecific physical symptoms excluding items of pain analysis revealed that 44 (24.04%) exhibited moderate symptoms, and 91 (49.73%) exhibited severe. The functions reported as most adversely affected by jaw disability were yawning, eating hard foods, chewing, smiling and laughing. Regarding the habit, 64 (35%) confirmed having the nighttime and 59 daytime (32.3%) teeth grinding with a significant correlation with the four domains analyzed. A significant correlation was observed among all domains. CONCLUSION: This study analyzed a young population that exhibited para-functional habits and nonspecific physical symptoms excluding pain that need some intervention since they could progress to a symptomatic TMD in future.

Rare case of unifocal Langerhans cell histiocytosis in four-month-old child.

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) comprises a group of disorders, the common feature of which is Langerhans cell proliferation. The clinical presentation is highly varied. The severity and prognosis of the disease are dependent on the type and extent of organ involvement. This paper reports a rare case of a four-month-old white male with unifocal LCH limited exclusively to the mandible, discussing the diagnosis, radiographic and immunohistochemical aspects, treatment and monitoring multidisciplinary of the case.

Fratura radicular com preservação do fragmento apical sem tratamento endodôntico caso clínico / Root fracture with preservation of apical fragment, without endodontic treatment - report case

Num paciente com história de traumatismo dental associado a uma fratura radicular, foi realizado o trata»mento endodôntico do fragmento coronário e manutenção do fragmento apical (sem realização de tratamento endodôntico), com o controle e preservação deste elemento dental.

Utilização do trióxido mineral agregado / Use of the trióxide mineral aggregate

O Trióxido Mineral Agregado ou MTA, é um novo material desenvolvido com o intuito de resolver problemas da endodontia, e que parece ter melhora significativa em suas características e propriedades em relação aos outros materiais já existentes. Este é um material biocompatível (não provoca reaçaão tecidual, e não tem potencial cariogênico), apresente um pH alto o que pode ser responsável por sua capacidade indutora de calcificação atuando principalmente quando não há inflamação, induz crescimento de cemento, e isso pode facilitar a regeneração do ligamento periodontal, além de não permitir infiltração bacteriana devido a sua ótima adaptação marginal. Neste trabalho realizamos uma revisão bibliográfica e mostramos suas principais características, indicações e limitações. O MTA é um materialnovo, e no entanto há necessidade de mais estudos para que o sucesso desse material possa ser melhor julgado.

Aplicabilidade das vacinas como meio de prevençäo das doenças infecto-contagiosas em Odontologia / Applicability of vaccines in Dentistry as a means to prevent infectious diseases

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo discutir a conscientizaçäo, a viabilidade e a necessidade da imunizaçäo do profissional da Saúde, mais especificamente da equipe odontológica, frente às doenças infecto-contagiosas (principalmente aquelas que constam no calendário oficial do Ministério da Saúde, no plano da imunizaçäo em Saúde Pública), às quais o dentista está sujeito: difteria, sarampo, caxumba, rubéola, tétano, tuberculose, hepatites B, C, D, e influenza. Algumas dessas doenças já säo consideradas erradicadas ou quase erradicadas, mas, por motivos outros, reaparecem. Com o aumento epidemiológico da AIDS, tanto algumas doenças infecto-contagiosas aparecem como infecçöes oportunistas, quanto as pesquisas säo aprofundadas e descobrem-se novas vacinas para diferents infecçöes por vírus, entre eles o vírus da hepatite B, uma das doenças de maior ocorrência entre os profissionais da Saúde

Fluorterapia tópica na remineralizaçäo de lesöes de mancha branca no esmalte dental / Topical fluoride therapy in the remineralization of white enamel dental lesions

Este trabalho tem como objetivo demonstrar o mecanismo de desmineralizaçäo e remineralizaçäo que ocorre no esmalte dental, as características macroscópicas e histológicas da lesäo branca e, através de uma análise da revisäo da literatura expor os resultados obtidos da fluorterapia aplicada em diferentes concentraçöes e comparaçöes feitas entre si, de acordo com os estudos realizados por diversos autores e relatos de casos clínicos

Núcleos intra-radiculares pré-fabricados (Revisäo da literatura, conceitos atuais e avaliaçäo) / Pre-fabricated root canal posts (Survey, current concepts and evaluation)

Foi realizada uma revisäo de literatura para avaliar o desempenho dos pinos pré-fabricados intra-radiculares. Os objetivos principais deste estudo foram avaliar e acompanhar o desempenho, suas possíveis falhas e a clareza de sua utilizaçäo, bem como os sistemas mais utilizados no mercado. No Brasil, ainda temos a utilizaçäo por uma grande maioria de profissionais, de núcleos fundidos, os quais, em países como os Estados Unidos, estäo sendo abandonados por apresentarem uma técnica que aumenta o custo de trabalho e o tempo de confecçäo. Os pinos intra-radiculares pré-fabricados tem sido utilizado com mais freqüência nos últimos dez anos, especialmente o sistema Flexi-Post. Durante este período, tem-se demonstrado a eficácia dos pinos na reabilitaçäo de remanescentes dentários com pouca estrutura dentária e especialmente nos remanescentes dentários antes condenados à extraçäo