Subject(s)
Angiogenesis Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/therapeutic use , Hamartoma/diagnosis , Hamartoma/therapy , Retinal Diseases/diagnosis , Retinal Diseases/therapy , Vitrectomy , Astrocytes/pathology , Bevacizumab , Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism , Combined Modality Therapy , Exudates and Transudates , Fluorescein Angiography , Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein/metabolism , Humans , Intravitreal Injections , Male , Neuroglia/pathology , Retinal Neovascularization/diagnosis , Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/antagonists & inhibitors , Visual Acuity , Young AdultABSTRACT
Sarcoid reactions are relatively rare manifestations of epithelioid cell granulomas associated with malignancy; they are especially found in the lymph nodes draining malignant tumors, but rarely found in other organs. We present a case of a 60-year-old female with sarcoid reactions in the spleen identified during the consecutive diagnosis and management of ovarian, breast, and thyroid carcinomas during a period of about 2 years. The symptoms and laboratory data suggestive of systemic sarcoidosis were absent except for a slight mediastinal lymphadenopathy detected only by a computed tomographic scan. The splenic granulomas were accompanied by dendritic cells of mature and immature types, the latter being different from the reported nodal counterparts. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of splenic sarcoid reactions associated with multiple cancers, and the first reported immunohistochemical detection of dendritic cells in splenic granuloma.
Subject(s)
Granuloma/complications , Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/complications , Splenic Diseases/complications , Breast Neoplasms/complications , Breast Neoplasms/metabolism , Dendritic Cells/metabolism , Female , Granuloma/metabolism , Granuloma/surgery , Humans , Immunohistochemistry , Middle Aged , Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/metabolism , Ovarian Neoplasms/complications , Sarcoidosis/diagnosis , Sarcoidosis/metabolism , Spleen/cytology , Spleen/metabolism , Splenectomy , Splenic Diseases/metabolism , Splenic Diseases/surgery , Thyroid Neoplasms/complications , Thyroid Neoplasms/metabolismABSTRACT
AIMS: To determine the prevalence of CD99 expression in pancreatic endocrine tumours (PETs). We evaluated CD99 expression and analysed Ki67 labelling by immunohistochemistry in PETs. METHODS AND RESULTS: Thirty-eight PETs from 33 patients were analysed. CD99 immunoreactivity was consistently observed in normal islets of the pancreas, regardless of the cell type. Tumours comprising more than 30% CD99+ cells were defined as positively immunoreactive for CD99. CD99 expression was observed in 20 of the 38 PETs examined, but not in any of the pancreatic tumours of other histological subtypes (10 ductal adenocarcinomas, five intraductal papillary-mucinous tumours, and two acinar cell tumours). Loss of CD99 expression was related to markers of worse prognosis for PET, including gross local invasion, metastasis to the lymph nodes or other organs, lymphatic or blood vessel invasion, and neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC). Thus, CD99 expression may have an efficiency comparable to that of high Ki67 labelling index (5% or more) for prognostication. CONCLUSIONS: CD99 expression was observed frequently and exclusively in PETs, and loss of CD99 expression in PETs was found to be associated with ominous prognostic indicators.
Subject(s)
Antigens, CD/biosynthesis , Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis , Cell Adhesion Molecules/biosynthesis , Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial/pathology , Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology , 12E7 Antigen , Adult , Female , Humans , Immunohistochemistry , Ki-67 Antigen/metabolism , Lymphatic Metastasis/pathology , Male , Middle Aged , Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1/metabolism , Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1/pathology , Neoplasm Invasiveness , Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial/metabolism , Neuroendocrine Tumors/metabolism , Neuroendocrine Tumors/pathology , Pancreatic Neoplasms/metabolism , Prevalence , PrognosisSubject(s)
Maxillary Nerve/pathology , Neurilemmoma/pathology , Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms/pathology , Sphenoid Sinus/pathology , Trigeminal Nerve Diseases/pathology , Aged , Cranial Fossa, Middle/diagnostic imaging , Cranial Fossa, Middle/pathology , Cranial Fossa, Middle/physiopathology , Headache/etiology , Headache/pathology , Headache/physiopathology , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Maxillary Nerve/physiopathology , Neurilemmoma/diagnostic imaging , Neurilemmoma/physiopathology , Neurosurgical Procedures , Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms/physiopathology , Paresthesia/etiology , Paresthesia/physiopathology , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Postoperative Complications/physiopathology , Sphenoid Bone/diagnostic imaging , Sphenoid Bone/pathology , Sphenoid Bone/physiopathology , Sphenoid Sinus/diagnostic imaging , Sphenoid Sinus/physiopathology , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Treatment Outcome , Trigeminal Nerve Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Trigeminal Nerve Diseases/physiopathologyABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Pancreatic cystic lesions have various etiologies, including pseudocyst (inflammatory cyst), retention cyst, congenital cyst, and neoplastic cyst. RESULTS: This report describes a previously unreported, unique pancreatic cyst-like lesion causing recurrent acute pancreatitis. A 23-yr-old man had an 8 x 5 x 3-cm pancreatic head mass which contained multiple 3-7-mm cysts communicating with the main pancreatic duct on imaging studies. Pancreatoduodenectomy with mass excision prevented further attacks of acute pancreatitis. Pathological examination showed multiple cystic dilatations of branch pancreatic ducts surrounded by proliferating smooth muscle tissue, probably associated with hamartomatous changes. CONCLUSION: We consider the present lesion to represent cavernous pancreatic ductal ectasia with smooth muscle proliferation because of its striking cholangiopancreatographic similarity to Caroli disease.
Subject(s)
Muscle, Smooth/pathology , Pancreatic Cyst/pathology , Pancreatic Ducts/pathology , Pancreatitis/etiology , Acute Disease , Adult , Cell Division , Humans , Male , Pancreatic Cyst/complications , Pancreatitis/pathology , Pancreatitis/surgery , RecurrenceABSTRACT
Histological classification of prostatic cancer with a special focus on adenocarcinoma was reviewed according to "General Rule for Clinical and Pathological Studies on Prostatic Cancer (The 2nd Edition, 1992) published by Japanese Urological Association and The Japanese Society of Pathology. The points of the classification are as follows; (1) adenocarcinoma is separated into 3 categories, namely, well, moderately and poorly differentiated types, by structural features. (2) nuclear grading does not commit for making a subclassification of prostatic adenocarcinoma. The other types of primary malignancies are rare in the prostate. Prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia should be discussed in the further revision of the classification.
