ABSTRACT
â¢The risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) is not increased in women using long-acting reversible contraceptive methods (LARCs) with progestogens. â¢Oral contraceptives with levonorgestrel or norgestimate confer half the risk of VTE compared to oral contraceptives containing desogestrel, gestodene or drospirenone. â¢Progestogen-only pills do not confer an increased risk of VTE. â¢Women using transdermal contraceptive patches and combined oral contraceptives (COCs) are at an approximately eight times greater risk of VTE than non-users of hormonal contraceptives (HCs), corresponding to 9.7 events per 10,000 women/years. â¢Vaginal rings increase the risk of VTE by 6.5 times compared to not using HC, corresponding to 7.8 events per 10,000 women/years. â¢Several studies have demonstrated an increased risk of VTE in transgender individuals receiving hormone therapy (HT). â¢Hormone therapy during menopause increases the risk of VTE by approximately two times, and this risk is increased by obesity, thrombophilia, age over 60 years, surgery and immobilization. â¢The route of estrogen administration, the dosage and type of progestogen associated with estrogen may affect the risk of VTE in the climacteric. â¢Combined estrogen-progesterone therapy increases the risk of VTE compared to estrogen monotherapy. â¢Postmenopausal HT increases the risk of thrombosis at atypical sites.
Subject(s)
Venous Thromboembolism , Female , Humans , Contraceptive Agents, Hormonal/adverse effects , Contraceptive Agents, Hormonal/administration & dosage , Risk Assessment , Risk Factors , Venous Thromboembolism/chemically induced , Venous Thromboembolism/etiologyABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Hemostatic abnormalities and thrombotic risk associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are among the most discussed topics in the management of this disease. The aim of this position paper is to provide the opinion of Brazilian experts on the thromboprophylaxis and management of thrombotic events in patients with suspected COVID-19, in the sphere of healthcare in Brazil. To do so, the Brazilian Society of Thrombosis and Hemostasis (BSTH) and the Thrombosis and Hemostasis Committee of the Brazilian Association of Hematology, Hemotherapy and Cellular Therapy (ABHH) have constituted a panel of experts to carefully review and discuss the available evidence about this topic. The data discussed in this document was reviewed by May 9, 2020. Recommendations and suggestions reflect the opinion of the panel and should be reviewed periodically as new evidence emerges.
Subject(s)
Blood Coagulation Disorders , Venous Thromboembolism/diagnosis , Venous Thromboembolism/prevention & control , Venous Thromboembolism/therapy , COVID-19 , Disseminated Intravascular CoagulationABSTRACT
Hemostatic abnormalities and thrombotic risk associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are among the most discussed topics in the management of this disease. The aim of this position paper is to provide the opinion of Brazilian experts on the thromboprophylaxis and management of thrombotic events in patients with suspected COVID-19, in the sphere of healthcare in Brazil. To do so, the Brazilian Society of Thrombosis and Hemostasis (BSTH) and the Thrombosis and Hemostasis Committee of the Brazilian Association of Hematology, Hemotherapy and Cellular Therapy (ABHH) have constituted a panel of experts to carefully review and discuss the available evidence about this topic. The data discussed in this document was reviewed by May 9, 2020. Recommendations and suggestions reflect the opinion of the panel and should be reviewed periodically as new evidence emerges.
ABSTRACT
Os autores relatam sua experiência com as últimas 100 endarterectomias de carótida realizadas no HCPA, de janeiro de 1993 a 1997, sob anestesia geral e sem outros procedimentos cirúrgicos associados...
