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1.
Toxicol In Vitro ; 58: 224-229, 2019 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30946969

ABSTRACT

Perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) is a synthetic perfluorinated compound, which has been reported to exert adverse effects on somatic cells. However, its effects on germ cells have not been studied to date. The aim of the present study was to analyze the effects of PFDA on the viability, intracellular calcium levels and gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC) during porcine oocyte maturation in vitro. PFDA negatively impacted oocyte viability (medium lethal concentration, LC50 = 7.8 µM) and maturation (medium inhibition of maturation, IM50 = 3.8 µM). Oocytes exposed to 3.8 µM PFDA showed higher levels of intracellular calcium relative to control oocytes. In addition, GJIC among the cumulus cells and the oocyte was disrupted. The effects of PFDA on oocyte calcium homeostasis and intercellular communication seem to be responsible for the inhibition of oocyte maturation and oocyte death. In addition, since the deleterious effects of PFDA on oocyte viability, maturation and GJIC are significantly stronger than the previously reported effects of another widely used perfluorinated compound (Perfluorooctane sulfonate) in the same model, the use of PFDA in consumer products is questioned.


Subject(s)
Decanoic Acids/toxicity , Fluorocarbons/toxicity , Oocytes/drug effects , Animals , Calcium/metabolism , Cell Communication/drug effects , Cell Survival/drug effects , Cells, Cultured , Cumulus Cells/drug effects , Cumulus Cells/physiology , Female , Gap Junctions/drug effects , Oocytes/physiology , Swine
2.
Toxicol In Vitro ; 35: 93-9, 2016 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27233358

ABSTRACT

Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) is a broadly used man-made surfactant whose long half-life has led to bioaccumulation. This perfluorinated compound is ubiquitous in human body fluids. PFOS concentrations as high as 26µM in plasma have been reported in occupationally exposed populations, and high levels of PFOS in human follicular fluid have been associated with subfertility. However, the effect of PFOS on the maturation of oocytes in mammals has not been reported to date. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of PFOS during oocyte maturation. Results indicate that PFOS inhibits oocyte viability (Lethal Concentration50=32µM) and maturation (inhibition of maturation50=22µM) at physiologically relevant concentrations. In order to evaluate the mechanisms of oocyte maturation inhibition by PFOS, gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) between oocytes and granulosa cells was assessed. GJIC between granulosa cells and the oocyte was significantly affected during the first 8h of maturation. However, the inhibitory effect of PFOS on GJIC was not due to an alteration on the expression of connexin genes Cx43, Cx45 and Cx60. These findings suggest that occupationally exposed populations could be at risk, and that PFOS might affect oocyte maturation by interfering the GJIC in the cumulus-oocyte complexes during the first hours of maturation.


Subject(s)
Alkanesulfonic Acids/toxicity , Fluorocarbons/toxicity , Oocytes/drug effects , Animals , Cell Communication/drug effects , Cell Survival/drug effects , Cells, Cultured , Connexins/genetics , Female , Gap Junctions/drug effects , Gene Expression/drug effects , Granulosa Cells/drug effects , Granulosa Cells/physiology , Oocytes/physiology , Swine
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